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- Name: Discussion day/time: Discussion Problems Week 5 Efficiency of Markets Econ 20A Introduction to Microeconomics Prof. Branch Your economic consulting firm has been hired by the Mayor of Las Vegas to provide economic analysis of the consequences of sales taxes on hotel rooms. Background: guided discussion You begin your presentation to the Mayor with some background on the efficiency of the market for hotel rooms in Las Vegas. You estimate that the supply and demand for hotel rooms are described by the following equations: Supply : Q* Demand : Qd 4P – 80 100 – 2P (a.) Graph the supply curve and the demand curve. What is the equilibrium price and quantity? (b.) Calculate (and label in the graph) consumer surplus, producer surplus, and total surplus at the equi- librium. (c.) If the Mayor decided to ban all hotel rooms in Las Vegas, who wold bear the larger burden – the buyers or sellers of broccoli? 1Question 1 (a) Assume that the markets for sugar cane, rum and whiskey are initially in equilibrium (i.e., supply equals demand in each case). Assume further that a good harvest impacts the world’s sugar cane crop. Sugar cane is a principal ingredient in rum, but it is not an ingredient in whiskey. Rum and whiskey are substitutes in consumption.(ii) Discuss the effect on the markets for each of the three products if the government implements a price restriction in the sugar cane market with the aim of protecting the farmers. How will this impact the revenues for sugar growers, rum producers and whiskey producers?Question 2 The government in your country is considering three programs that affect the market for cigarettes Program 1: Media campaigns and labelling requirements aimed at making the public aware of the dangers of cigarette smoking. Program 2: A price support program for tobacco farmers. Program 3: A cap on the number of cases of cigarettes sold per quarter at 20,000 cases. Determine the impact of on the market for cigarette if Program 1 is implemented. (i) Impact on demand (ii) Impact on supply (iii) Impact on price (iv) Impact on quantity
- Question 1 Item 1 Include correctly labeled diagrams, if useful or required, in explaining your answers. A correctly labeled diagram must have all axes and curves clearly labeled and must show directional changes. If the question prompts you to “Calculate,” you must show how you arrived at your final answer. Assume gadgets are sold in a competitive market, the equilibrium price is $6, and the equilibrium quantity is 500 units. (a) Using the numerical values above, draw a correctly labeled graph of the market for gadgets and show each of the following. (i) The equilibrium price (ii) The equilibrium quantity (b) At a price of $8 per unit, will there be a surplus or a shortage in the market? Explain. (c) Assume gadgets now become more popular. On your graph in part (a), show the effect of the increase in gadgets' popularity on the equilibrium price and quantity of gadgets. (d) Assume instead there is an increase in the price of tin, a major input in producing…Question 1 Consider the market for minivans. Indicate the impact if any on demand, supply, price and quantity: (a) People decide to have more children. (b) A strike by steelworkers raises steel prices. (c) Engineers develop new automated machinery for the production of minivans. (d) The price of station wagons rises. (e) A stock-market crash lowers people’s wealthQuestion 4(a) The freezing cold spell at the beginning of 2010 increased demand for gas in the UK. Usage reached 454 cubic metres; the previous record was 449 metres set in January 2003. The National Grid which is responsible for energy in the UK issued several warnings in a matter of days that demand could outstrip supply and asked suppliers to increase the supply.(i) Illustrate the effect of the cold spell on the demand for gas using a demand curve diagram.(ii) Analyze two other factors that you think influence demand for gas.(iii) Do you think demand for gas is price elastic or price inelastic? Explain your reasoning.(b) Using a normal demand curve, explain how consumer surplus occurs. (c) Explain and illustrate with diagrams how and why a marginal cost curve maps out a supply curve.
- 4. Currently the equilibrium price and quantity in the milk market are $4 per gallon and 100,000 gallons. The Price Elasticity of Demand is determined to be 0.80 while the Price Elasticity of Supply is determined to be 1.20. A price floor is set at 20% above the current equilibrium price. (a) Determine the dollar amount of the price floor. (b) Determine the Qs after the price is imposed. (c) Determine the Qd after the price is imposed.Question 8 You are the manager of medium-sized company that deals in production of make-ups in Ghana. Suppose one morning you heard on the news that the government has imposed a lump sum tax on every unit of make-up sold in the market. a) Using demand and supply analysis, illustrate the effect of the lump sum tax imposed on the make-up market by showing whether there will be a shortage or surplus of make-ups in the market. b) How would you expect the equilibrium price and quantity of make-up to change in the market? c) Suppose during the same period the price of a leading substitute product decreases along with the change the effect of the tax mentioned above, how would you expect the equilibrium price and quantity of make-up to change? Note: Draw a graph to explain your answers.(1)illegal beer poses a great challenge to the beer market, explain how it affect domestic’s beer market through an appropriate demand-supply diagram.
- Question 12: Which theory states, the price for any good/service is driven by factors of supply and demand as buyers and sellers share information? A Theory of supply B Theory of demand C Theory of Price D ElasticityCarefully explain what is happening in the following markets. Indicate the impact if any on demand, supply, price and quantity. (d) Electricity is a major input into the production of aluminum and aluminum is a substitute in the supply of steel. In the market for steel, the effect of an increase in price of electricity.Multiple choice Question one3 Carefully explain what is happening in the following market. Indicate the impact , if any on demand, supply,price and quantity. Chose from the following what will happen to each ; increase towards equilibrium, no impact,excess supply, change in price uncertain, decrease equilibrium quantity, increase equilibrium price, change in quantity uncertain, decrease towards equilibrium, decrease equilibrium price, shift outward to right, shift inwards to left , excess demand , increase towards equilibrium. 1a) In Academics year 2020/21 , the university of the west indies mandated that all students must take principles and economics as a core requirement for their major. Concurrently , the university bookshop made their order for the principle and economics text books based on the number of registered students in the last academic year (2019/2020).1b) The price of input for the production of BrandX handbags have increased .Concurrently, taste and preferences has…