Lead Measurement. Laboratories A and B made multiple measurements on prepared wastewater effluent specimens to which lead (Pb) had been added in the amount of 1.25 µg/L or 2.5 µg/L. The background lead concentration was low, but not zero. Compare the bias and precision of the two laboratories. Laboratory A Spike = 1.25 1.1 Spike = 2.5 2.8 Laboratory B Spike = 1.25 2.35 Spike = 2.5 5.30

Holt Mcdougal Larson Pre-algebra: Student Edition 2012
1st Edition
ISBN:9780547587776
Author:HOLT MCDOUGAL
Publisher:HOLT MCDOUGAL
Chapter1: Variables, Expressions, And Integers
Section1.5: Adding Integers
Problem 45E
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Lead Measurement. Laboratories A and B made multiple measurements on prepared wastewater
effluent specimens to which lead (Pb) had been added in the amount of 1.25 µg/L or 2.5 µg/L.
The background lead concentration was low, but not zero. Compare the bias and precision
of the two laboratories.
Laboratory A
Spike = 1.25
1.1
2.0
1.3
1.0
1.1
0.8
0.8
0.9
0.8
Spike = 2.5
2.8
3.5
2.3
2.7
2.3
3.1
2.5
2.5
2.5
Laboratory B
Spike = 1.25
2.35
2.86
2.70
2.56
2.88
2.04
2.78
2.16
2.43
Spike = 2.5
5.30
4.72
3.64
5.04
3.62
4.53
4.57
4.27
3.88
Transcribed Image Text:Lead Measurement. Laboratories A and B made multiple measurements on prepared wastewater effluent specimens to which lead (Pb) had been added in the amount of 1.25 µg/L or 2.5 µg/L. The background lead concentration was low, but not zero. Compare the bias and precision of the two laboratories. Laboratory A Spike = 1.25 1.1 2.0 1.3 1.0 1.1 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.8 Spike = 2.5 2.8 3.5 2.3 2.7 2.3 3.1 2.5 2.5 2.5 Laboratory B Spike = 1.25 2.35 2.86 2.70 2.56 2.88 2.04 2.78 2.16 2.43 Spike = 2.5 5.30 4.72 3.64 5.04 3.62 4.53 4.57 4.27 3.88
Expert Solution
Step 1

Two laboratories A and B collected data related to wastewater in which lead was added in two quantities - 1.25 and 2.5 respectively. 

The observations were recorded in a table.

There was also a low background concentration of lead in the wastewater, but due to the uniform nature of its distribution, it will not effect the measure of bias in the data.

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