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Gene Interactions
When the expression of a single trait is influenced by two or more different non-allelic genes, it is termed as genetic interaction. According to Mendel's law of inheritance, each gene functions in its own way and does not depend on the function of another gene, i.e., a single gene controls each of seven characteristics considered, but the complex contribution of many different genes determine many traits of an organism.
Gene Expression
Gene expression is a process by which the instructions present in deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) are converted into useful molecules such as proteins, and functional messenger ribonucleic (mRNA) molecules in the case of non-protein-coding genes.
mRNA sequence of A gene
Write the amino acid sequence of the gene A.
5’ AAACUGUGACUGAACCUCAAACCCCAAACCAGCCCGAGGAGAACCACAUUCUCCCAGGGA
CCCAGGGCGGGCCGUGACCCCUGCGGCGGAGAAGCCUUGGAUAUUUCCACUUCAGAAGCC
UACUGGGGAAGGCUGAGGGGUCCCAGCUCCCCACGCUGGCUGCUGUGCAGAUGCUGGACG
ACAGAGCCAGGAGGGAGGCCGCCAAGAAGGAGAAGGUAGAGCAGAUCCUGGCAGAGUUCCAGC
UGCAGGAGGAGGACCUGAAGAAGGUGAUGAGACGGAUGCAGAAGGAGAUGGACCGCGGCCUGA
GGUAGAAGCCGCUGGGGCUUGGGGCU-3’
Step by step
Solved in 2 steps
- mRNA sequence of A gene If we have the following mutations, find the type of the mutation (silent or missense or nonsense?) 17CàU 36GàA 49GàU 115AàC 5’ AAACUGUGACUGAACCUCAAACCCCAAACCAGCCCGAGGAGAACCACAUUCUCCCAGGGA CCCAGGGCGGGCCGUGACCCCUGCGGCGGAGAAGCCUUGGAUAUUUCCACUUCAGAAGCC UACUGGGGAAGGCUGAGGGGUCCCAGCUCCCCACGCUGGCUGCUGUGCAGAUGCUGGACG ACAGAGCCAGGAGGGAGGCCGCCAAGAAGGAGAAGGUAGAGCAGAUCCUGGCAGAGUUCCAGC UGCAGGAGGAGGACCUGAAGAAGGUGAUGAGACGGAUGCAGAAGGAGAUGGACCGCGGCCUGA GGUAGAAGCCGCUGGGGCUUGGGGCU-3’5'-TAGCTGATCGAATATGCGGTCTCTATCTTCGTAGACGA-3' 3'-ATCGACTAGCTTATACGCCAGAGATAGAAGCATCTGCT -5' Determine the amino acids that will be encoded by this sequence Second letter First letter U C A G U UUU Phe UUC UUA UUG Leu CUU CUC CUA CUG Leu GUU GUC GUA GUG Val UCU UCC UCA UCGJ AUU AUC lle AUA ACA AUG Met ACG CCU CCC C CCA CCG ACU ACC GCU GCC GCA GCG Ser - Pro Thr Ala A UGU UACTyr Cys UGC. UAA Stop UGA Stop A UAG Stop UGG Trp G CAC His CAA Gin CAG GAUT GAC Asp GAA AAU Asn ACC Ser AGU AAG LYS AA Glu GAGJ Oa. N-Met-Arg - Ser-Leu-Ser - Ser-C Ob. N-Met-Pro-Arg - Asn-Asp - Ser-C d. N-Met-Lys - Val-Glu-Ala-C Oc. N-Asp-Pro-Lys - Ser - Val-Ile-C Oe. N- Met-Ala-Asp-Pro-Lys - Ser-C G CGU CGC CGA CGG AGA AGG. GGU GGC GGA GGG Arg SCAO Gly U UCAG UUA DUAG Arg G Third letter 13mRNA Codon Chart: Second letter с บบบ UCU UAU Phe UUC UCC U Ser UAC Tyr UGU UGC Cys UUA UCA Leu UAA Stop UGA Stop A UUG UCG UAG Stop UGG Trp CUU CCU CAU CGU CUC CCC His CAC Leu Pro CUA CCA CAA CGA Arg Gin CUG CCG CAG CGG AUU ACU AAU AUC lle ACC AAC AGU ]Asn Ser AGC A Thr AUA ACA AAA Lys AGA Arg AUG Met ACG AGG GUU GCU GAU GUC GCC Val GAC Asp GGU GGC Ala GUA GCA GUG GCG GAG GGG GAA Glu GGA Gly Amino Acid 3-Letter Codes Name of Amino Name of Amino 3-Letter Code 3-Letter Code Acid Acid Alanine Ala Leucine Leu Arginine Arg Lysine Lys Asparagine sex Methionine Met (start) Aspartic Acid Asp Phenylalanine ebe Cysteine Cve Proline Pro Glutamic Acid Glu Serine Ser Glutamine Gln Threonine Glycine GLK Tryptophan JAR Histidine His Tyrosine Tyr Isoleucine lle Valine Val Exercise: Transcription & Translation 1. Choose 3 DNA Templates. 2. Write the mRNA sequence divided into 3 letter codons. 3. Write the sequence of amino acids. 4. Find the corresponding amino acid sequence and include the letter of…
- BM4_DNA AND PROTEIN S X /1FAIPQLSDP_g5B-629FSHNpGnTMIEppLS4A71zBd4vcUBqNUILubXONw/formResponse 4. What is the nitrogen base pair of Adenine in transcription? O Cytosine O Uracil O guanine O thymine 5. The central dogma of Molecular Biology states that There are four nitrogen bases in DNA, two purines (adenine and guanine) and two pyrimidines (cytosine and thymine). Which process is not included in the central dogma? duplication transcription translation O translocation LeadpleMutated DNA Sequence #3 T A C A C C T T A G C G A C G A C T … What’s the mRNA sequence? (Circle the change) What will be the amino acid sequence? Will there likely be effects? What type of mutation is this? ________________________________ Mutated DNA Sequence #4 T A C A C C T T G G C G A C T A C T … What’s the mRNA sequence? (Circle the change) What will be the amino acid sequence? Will there likely be effects? What type of mutation is this? ______________________________From the mRNA base sequence CUU-AUG-GCU-UGG-CCC-UAA A.What anticodon sequences of tRNA’s are coded? B.What was the base sequence in the original DNA strand was made? Please answer completely will give rating surely Both questions answers needed
- III. Deletion of C IV. Both I & II 6. Refer to the figure answer the following questions. CLUSTAL W (1.83) multiple sequence alignment Human_AA Oyster AA Corn_AA -MKLEWLLFTIGFCWAQYSSN--TOOGRTSIVHLFEWR-------WVDIALECERYLAPK 50 -QVILNCLLYVvGVVRGGTWSNPTCAPGRHTITHLFEWK- -WSDIAAECERFLGPM 52 MAKHLAAMCRCSLLVLVLLCLGSQLAQSOVLFOGFNWESWKKOGGWYNYLLGRVDDIAAT 60 : : : : *:*. %3: .. O Human_AA Oyster AA Corn AA GFGGVOVSPPNENVAIHNPFRPWWERYOPVSYKLCTRSGNEDEFRNMVTRCNNVGVRIYV 110 GYCGVOISPPNENRIVTSPNRFWWERYOPVSYKLVTRSGNEADLRDMVQRCNKVNVRIYA 112 GATHVWLPPPSHSVAPOGYMPGRLYDLD------ASKYGTHAELKSLTAAFHAKGVKCVA 114 ::*.. : ::.:. :.*: Human_AA Oyster AA Corn AA DAVINHMCGNAVSAGTSSTCGSYFNPGSRDFPAVPYSGWDFNDG-KCKTGSGDIENYNDA 169 DVVINHMTG-AGGSGTG-TGGSHWDGGSLSYPGVPFSSWDFNSGSECSTGDGNIHNYNDP 170 DVVINHRCA---DYKDGRGIYCVFEGG------TPDSRLDWGPDMICSDDTQYSN--GRG 163 :: * ***** Figure: Sequence alignment a) How many different species are used as the source of sequence in this analysis? I. two I. one II. three IV. four b) What…Mutated DNA Sequence #2 T A C G A C C T T G G C G A C G A C T … What’s the mRNA sequence? (Circle the change) What will be the amino acid sequence? Will there likely be effects? What type of mutation is this? ________________________________3’ – ACCTCTTACTTTTATATATAGGGAAGACTAATTGTC – 5’ Transcribe the template strand be sure to use the 5’ and 3’ directions appropriately on the mRNA, feel free to rewrite the DNA strand if needed to make it easier to interpret. Make sure to label the mRNA with a "5'cap" and place 10 A's to form the poly-A tail.
- Sequence: CCACCTGTACCCGGACACACCCTGGTGTCC 1. Identify the gene from which the querysequence originates (Name of gene) 2. Provide the FULLprotein sequence encoded by the gene. 3. Are different splice variants known for this gene? 4. What human disease has been connected to this gene? 5. Calculate molecular weight (kiloDalton, kD) and calculated pI (the pH where the protein carries no net electrical charge) of the protein.3’-TCTTCGTGAGATGATATAAGAGTTATCCAGGTACCGGTAAACTGG-5’ 5’-AGAAGCACTCTACTATATTCTCAATAGGTCCATGGCCATTTGACC-3’ Write down the mRNA transcript from DNA above.Given the following DNA sequence: 3'-TACTTNGTNCTNTCN-5' where N stands for any nucleotide, give the complementary mRNA sequence. Indicate direction of strand as 3'--> 5' or 5'--> 3' as in the given sequence above. Give the amino acid sequence of your mRNA sequencelin No. 1. Indicate direction of strand as above. Use all lowercase letters, 3-letter name of amino acid separated by a hyphen (-), no spaces in-between.