Part 1: The History of COVID-19- respond to ALL questions Who first  documented it? what was the first listed causal agent? Are there any identified vectors? What are the symptoms? What were some of the early treatments? Who identified the virus and what is the virus named? Why does this outbreak have gotten such a strong foothold?

Q: If a single bacteriophage infects one E. coli cell present on a lawn of bacteria and, upon lysis,…

A: Bacteria are microscopic, single-celled organic entities that thrive in diverse environments. These…

Q: When a temperate phage infects a bacteria cell it O immediately undergoes the temperate lifecycle. O…

A: Phages can be either virulent or temperate. Lytic cycle is used for replication by virulent phage.…

Q: a. Discuss FIVE factors which may have exacerbated the health of PLWNCDs during the COVID-19…

A: COVID-19 is considered a syndemic, a synergistic pandemic, meaning it interacts with a variety of…

Q: for the virulence of a phage. A bacteriophage solution of a given concentration is inoculated with…

A: Virulence of a phage: it is the ability of a virus to infect and cause their effect to the host…

Q: If graft qnd corruption are diseases, how do you propose to ameliorate their ravages? If they are…

A: Bribery, extortion, and nepotism are examples of graft and corruption, and they are characterized by…

Q: Based on devolution or the regressive hypothesis, it proposes to explain the origin of viruses by…

A: Viruses were first found after the innovation of a porcelain filter, called the Chamberland-Pasteur…

Q: SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, enters cells by binding the cell surface protein ACE2.…

A: SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV enter host cells via the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor,…

Q: Which is not a correct association with regard tobioengineering?a. plasmid as a vector—bacteriab.…

A: DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) molecules which act as vehicles for the transport of foreign DNA into a…

Q: Every year, the United States and the world suffer a serious outbreak of emerging, re emerging or…

A: Coronaviruses belong to an extensive family of viruses that are able to be transmitted from animals…

Q: What does PriA do? Displaces SSB proteins Primase associated with PriA Displace SSB proteins and…

A: A primosome is a protein complex responsible for creating RNA primers on single stranded DNA during…

Q: Do you see any potential problems with inserting pieces of a retroviral genome into humans? If so,…

A: Retroviral-mediated gene transfer is the main to gene therapy development. These have various…

Q: After a phage injects its DNA into a bacterial cell, the cell begins making proteins that make up…

A: Transduction can be defined as a systematic process with the help of which foreign DNA can be…

Q: COVID-19 viruses are spreading faster why?

A: COVID 19 is causes by the virus. Viruses are the obligate parasite which require host ce for their…

Q: Messenger ribonucleic acid, or mRNA, aided in the speedy development of the COVID-19 vaccine,…

A: mRNA technology is the revolutionary technology which helps in creating the protein structure we…

Q: Assume you isolate a single stranded (+) RNA virus. When you examine the proteins in the virus, you…

A: RNA-dependent RNA polymerase  or RNA polymerase or replicase  is an enzyme that catalyzes the…

Q: The following are lambda phage gene deletions. What lambda lifestyle will result from each deletion?…

A: Lambda phage is a enterobacteria phage that is responsible for E.coli infection   It has a double…

Q: As the coronavirus spread globally, its genome changed — mutated — as expected for any virus. These…

A: Viruses are considered as connecting link between the living and nonliving as it possesses the…

Q: Which of the following mutant lambda phages can still go through lytic life cycle - (select all…

A: Introduction :- Lambda phage is a bacteriophages that uses Escherichia coli as their host and…

Q: In Figure 5-29, do you think that b+ could be transducedinstead of a+? As well as a+?

A: Given diagram represent the generalized transduction. During generalized transduction the gene…

Q: Tentative hypothesis : If the shortness of breath is one of the main infection symptoms of COVID-19,…

A: When shortness of breath is followed by a fever, cough, or body aches, it's more likely to be a…

Q: Give an example from the book of such evidence and how it is actually valuable to scientists, even…

A: Ans) significance of ancedotal evidence which evidences are valuabled to scientists- Multiple…

Q: Ahmed had isolated bacteria from the sputum of a patient that seemed somewhat resistant to their…

A: The phage-resistant bacteria may develop with time just like the antibiotic-resistant bacteria.…

Q: If HIV was just an enveloped virus, but not a retrovirus, which of the following drugs would likely…

A: Virus captures the host replication machinery and multiplies its genome. This is the foundation of…

Q: In Hershey and Chase’s experiment investigating which biological molecule carries genetic…

A: In Hershey and Chase’s experiment, the protein coat was labelled with radioactive sulfur and the DNA…

Q: . Give 4 examples of transcription factors / non-structural proteins ?       2. Identify the…

A: Answers of the five questions are below

Q: Review the Process Diagram, Figure 8.9, and answer this question. The type of horizontal gene…

A: Horizontal gene transfer (HGT) or lateral gene transfer is the movement of genetic material between…

Q: A protocol calls for 10^3 phage particles as starting material. How much of your phage suspension…

A: Bacteriophage -- Phage means to eat .Bacteriophages are viruses which infect bacteria and phage…

Q: When scientists first discovered SARS-COV2, they were able to generate a sequence of the viral…

A: DNA sequencing  DNA sequencing it a method to determine the exact position of DNA bases…

Q: In the 20th century, one of the greatest breakthroughs is Antibiotics and has long been regarded as…

A: The quick rise of resistant microorganisms is happening around the world, imperiling the adequacy of…

Q: Why Covid 19 Pandemic is also an Environmental Proble

A: Covid is also known as coronavirus disease. The most common symptoms of this disease are fever,…

Q: 1. Briefly outline the components of the CRISPR/Cas system  2. What is the function of the…

A: The clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) are DNA sequences in the…

Q: The DNA can be increased in size by only about 5%, representing the addition of only 3 kb of new…

A: Cloning vector Based on lambda bacteriophages: Two problems had to be solved before lambda based…

Q: The 1918 influenza strain killed millions of people world-wide. After recovering virus from…

A: The influenza virus, which infects the respiratory tract, causes influenza. The influenza virus is…

Q: Ahmed had isolated bacteria from the sputum of a patient that seemed somewhat resistant to their…

A:

Q: Understanding how this virus works can help us defend ourselves against other deadly influenza…

A: Researches are done to have complete information about the viruses so that we develop new techniques…

Q: Topic is SARS-CoV-2 Describe how mutations or genetic variation contributed to either: the…

A: Hello. Since your question has multiple parts, we will solve the first question for you. If you want…

Q: Most phages that use DNA to propagate work by hijacking host bacterial machinery including RNA…

A: PhiKZ is a giant bacteriophage of Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Q: Describe in general terms how bacteriophage lambda regulates the switch between lytic and lysogenic…

A: Bacteriophages are very small viral particles that infect bacterial host cells. The replication of…

Q: The development of antiviral therapies offers unique challenges. Describe why many existing…

A: Various side effects of Anti Viral Therapies include: - Headache Insomnia Cough Dry Motuh Diarrhea…

Q: During the 2019-2020 COVID-19 pandemic outbreak, a debate occured regarding the use of N-95 masks to…

A: The COVID-19 pandemic from 2019 to 2020 was caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus…

Q: How has Blue biotechnology been used to combat the COVID-19 pandemic?

A: Blue biotechnology :  It is associated with aquaculture , coastal and marine biotech.  It is…

Q: The spread of the corona virus is now becoming enormous. In your point of view as a senior high…

A: Skilled in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) play a vital role in the US…

Q: Why gene drive is a controversial tool to fight malaria/dengue? Justify your reasoning.

A: A gene drive is a characteristic interaction and innovation of genetic designing that engenders a…

Q: Explain the process of genome reduction in endosymbiont in good detail.

A: Introduction An organism's genome contains all of its genetic information. It is made up of DNA…

Q: Why must primary cell cultures be restarted every so often when preparing primary cell cultures to…

A: Primary cell cultures are derived from tissue and not modified, they are more similar to the in vivo…

Q: Section three. Match virus biosynthesis term with best description. Not all answers are used.…

A: 51) Phage conversion when a virus infects a bacterial cell, it releases its genetic material into…

Q: Lived Experiences of working nursing students during the Covid – 19 pandemic. Purpose of the study

A: As nursing students, we can come across many experiences in which following are some of them It was…

Q: Genome for C. diphtheriae have about 2,500,000 nucleotides, 87% of them are coding. This ingle…

A: Diphtheria is caused by Corynebacterium diphtheriae and an effective exotoxin secretes toxic strains…

Q: COVID-19 as examples)

A: We are discussing the COVID-19,  Targeted- when we go through targeted therapy in the person, we…

Q: Which of the following is true of Generalized transduction? O creates defective virions that are…

A: Generalized Transduction: The bacteriophage first infects the donor cells and begins the lytic…

Viral Infections

Viruses are abundantly found, minute entities that have genetic material enclosed within a protein coat. The proteinaceous material enclosing the genetic material of the virus is called a capsid. The genetic material could be either DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) or RNA (ribonucleic acid). A virus is too minute to be looked at with naked eyes and therefore visualized with the help of a microscope. They are acellular entities that require a host for processes, such as replication, transcription, translation and multiplication. Plants, animals, and bacteria act as host wherein the virus reproduce. Viruses cannot multiply outside the host's body and thus are considered nonliving outside the host body.