Patch clamping can be used to measure the conductance properties of individual ion channels. Describe how patch clamping can be used to determine whether or not the gene coding for a putative K+ channel actually codes for a K+ or a Na+ channel.
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Patch clamping can be used to measure the conductance properties of individual ion channels. Describe how patch clamping can be used to determine whether or not the gene coding for a putative K+ channel actually codes for a K+ or a Na+ channel.
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- Explain the experimental procedure used byLoewenstein to determine the size of molecules that can passthrough gap-junction channels.The Structure of the acetylcholine receptor is shown below: A. Knowing the amino acid sequence of this protein, what tool would you use to identify the membrane-spanning region? Explain how it works.The top panel (a) of this figure shows the graded potential change (far right, upper, electrical trace) that results from ligand binding to the ligand gated Na+ channel. The bottom panel of this figure (b) shows a graded potential change (far right, lower, electrical trace) that results from ligand binding to a ligand gated Cl- channel. From this trace you know (Vm = -70 mV) 1. ECl- is -70 mV 2. ECl- is more negative than -70 mV (i.e., -80 mV) 3. ECl- is more positive than -70 mV (i.e., -60 mV)
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- Many enzymes can hydrolyze GTP between the β and γ phosphates. The GTP analog β,γ-imidoguanosine 5′-triphosphate (Gpp(NH)p), shown below, cannot be hydrolyzed between the β and γ phosphates. Predict the effect of microinjection of Gpp(NH)p into a myocyte on the cell’s response to β-adrenergic stimulation.Estimate the binding affi nity of a ligand for its receptor from the followingdata:In many organisms, the central nervous system relies on specialized cells called neurons to propagate an electrochemical signal along the axon of each neuron. The propagation of this signal relies on the sodium-potassium pump, a membrane-bound protein that alter- natingly moves three sodium ions outside of the cell against the concentration gradient and moves two potassium ions into the cell along the concentration gradient. Based on the information above, which is most likely true about the sodium-potassium pump? A B с D It requires ATP to move the sodium ions outside of the cell and to move potassium ions into the cell. It requires ATP to move the potassium ions into the cell. It requires ATP to move the sodium ions outside of the cell against the concentration gradient. It does not require ATP to move the sodium ions outside of the cell or to move potas- sium ions into the cell.
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