Please mark my multiple choice paper: Mark the INCORRECT alternative concerning the Introduction to Biochemistry: B) To learn the main chemical elements of the human body. To learn only the structures of atoms, but not of ions and molecules. To learn the properties of acids, bases and mineral salts and inorganic and organic salts. To learn the constituent units and functions of carbohydrates, lipids and proteins. 2. Concerning the Chemical bonds. Choose the INCORRECT alternative: C) The forces that hold together the atoms of a molecule or a compound are Chemical bonds. The likelihood that an atom will form a chemical bond with another atom depends on the number of electrons in its outermost shell, also called the valence shell. An atom with a valence shell holding eight electrons is chemically stable, which means it is likely to form Chemical bonds with other atoms. All the previous alternatives are incorrect. 3. Chemistry is the science of the structure and interactions of matter. The INCORRECT alternative is: B) Mass is the amount of matter in any object, which does not change. When objects are farther from Earth, the pull of gravity is strong; this is why the weight of an astronaut is close to zero in outer space. Weight, the force of gravity acting on matter, does change. All living and nonliving things consist of matter, which is anything that occupies space and has mass.
Molecular Techniques
Molecular techniques are methods employed in molecular biology, genetics, biochemistry, and biophysics to manipulate and analyze nucleic acids (deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA)), protein, and lipids. Techniques in molecular biology are employed to investigate the molecular basis for biological activity. These techniques are used to analyze cellular properties, structures, and chemical reactions, with a focus on how certain molecules regulate cellular reactions and growth.
DNA Fingerprinting and Gel Electrophoresis
The genetic makeup of living organisms is shown by a technique known as DNA fingerprinting. The difference is the satellite region of DNA is shown by this process. Alex Jeffreys has invented the process of DNA fingerprinting in 1985. Any biological samples such as blood, hair, saliva, semen can be used for DNA fingerprinting. DNA fingerprinting is also known as DNA profiling or molecular fingerprinting.
Molecular Markers
A known DNA sequence or gene sequence is present on a chromosome, and it is associated with a specific trait or character. It is mainly used as a genetic marker of the molecular marker. The first genetic map was done in a fruit fly, using genes as the first marker. In two categories, molecular markers are classified, classical marker and a DNA marker. A molecular marker is also known as a genetic marker.
DNA Sequencing
The most important feature of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) molecules are nucleotide sequences and the identification of genes and their activities. This the reason why scientists have been working to determine the sequences of pieces of DNA covered under the genomic field. The primary objective of the Human Genome Project was to determine the nucleotide sequence of the entire human nuclear genome. DNA sequencing selectively eliminates the introns leading to only exome sequencing that allows proteins coding.
Please mark my multiple choice paper:
- Mark the INCORRECT alternative concerning the Introduction to Biochemistry: B)
- To learn the main chemical elements of the human body.
- To learn only the structures of atoms, but not of ions and molecules.
- To learn the properties of acids, bases and mineral salts and inorganic and organic salts.
- To learn the constituent units and functions of carbohydrates, lipids and proteins.
2. Concerning the
- The forces that hold together the atoms of a molecule or a compound are Chemical bonds.
- The likelihood that an atom will form a chemical bond with another atom depends on the number of electrons in its outermost shell, also called the valence shell.
- An atom with a valence shell holding eight electrons is chemically stable, which means it is likely to form Chemical bonds with other atoms.
- All the previous alternatives are incorrect.
3. Chemistry is the science of the structure and interactions of matter. The INCORRECT alternative is: B)
- Mass is the amount of matter in any object, which does not change.
- When objects are farther from Earth, the pull of gravity is strong; this is why the weight of an astronaut is close to zero in outer space.
- Weight, the force of gravity acting on matter, does change.
- All living and nonliving things consist of matter, which is anything that occupies space and has mass.
4. Chemistry is the science of the structure and interactions of matter. The INCORRECT alternative is: D)
- All living and nonliving things consist of matter, which is anything that occupies space and has mass.
- Mass is the amount of matter in any object, which does not change.
- Weight, the force of gravity acting on matter, does change.
- When objects are farther from Earth, the pull of gravity is strong; this is why the weight of an astronaut is close to zero in outer space.
5. Structure of Atoms: each element is made up of atoms, the smallest units of matter that retain the properties and characteristics of the element. Is CORRECT to affirm that: B)
- One subatomic particle composed of individual atoms.
- Only three types of subatomic particles are important for understanding the
chemical reactions in the human body: protons, neutrons, and electrons. The dense central core of an atom is its nucleus. - Within the nucleus are positively charged neutrons (p+) and uncharged (neutral) protons (no).
- The tiny, positively charged electrons (e−) move about in a large space surrounding the nucleus.
6. Select the CORRECT alternative: B)
- The
atomic number of an atom is the sum of its protons and neutrons. Because sodium has 11 protons and 12 neutrons, its mass number is 23. - The decay of a radioisotope may be as fast as a fraction of a second or as slow as millions of years. The half-life of an isotope is the time required for half of the radioactive atoms in a sample of that isotope to decay into a more stable form.
- Isotopes are atoms of an element that have similar numbers of neutrons and therefore different mass numbers.
- Certain isotopes called radioactive isotopes (radioisotopes) are stable; their nuclei decay (spontaneously change) into a stable configuration.
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