Relative Relative H3/H4 Acetylation Relative H3 Acetylation H4 Acetylation DON -4Kb -3Kb -2Kb -1Kb +1 Insulin You are studying histone modification at the insulin gene in cell types that express insulin (3 & A 4) compared to cell types that do not express insulin (1 & 2). Enhancer Promoter 20 15 10 5 Discuss with your pod: In which cell type(s) is H3 acetylation highest? In which cell type(s) is H4 acetylation highest? 3. Is histone acetylation the same at the enhancer and promoter? 4. Based on the data, which histone modification is most 1. В 20 2. 15 10 5 C important for activating insulin gene expression?

Relative Relative H3/H4 Acetylation Relative H3 Acetylation H4 Acetylation DON -4Kb -3Kb -2Kb -1Kb +1 Insulin You are studying histone modification at the insulin gene in cell types that express insulin (3 & A 4) compared to cell types that do not express insulin (1 & 2). Enhancer Promoter 20 15 10 5 Discuss with your pod: In which cell type(s) is H3 acetylation highest? In which cell type(s) is H4 acetylation highest? 3. Is histone acetylation the same at the enhancer and promoter? 4. Based on the data, which histone modification is most 1. В 20 2. 15 10 5 C important for activating insulin gene expression?

Biochemistry

6th Edition

ISBN:9781305577206

Author:Reginald H. Garrett, Charles M. Grisham

Publisher:Reginald H. Garrett, Charles M. Grisham

Chapter32: The Reception And Transmission Of Extracellular Information

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 21P

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1117 increase in the number of passive glucose transporter on the muscle cell surface thus increases the uptake of glucose into the cell and decreases blood glucose level. Indicate whether the following conditions/practice will likely lead to diabetes (mark Yes or No). [Select] a mutation in a V-SNARE in islet cells that blocks all secretion Q Search ******* 40 ****** 99+ app.honorlock.com is C
Which statements are true? Explain why or why not.1 The chemical carcinogen dimethylbenz[a]anthra-cene (DMBA) must be an extraordinarily specific mutagensince 90% of the skin tumors it causes have an A-to-T alter-ation at exactly the same site in the mutant Ras gene.2 In the cellular regulatory pathways that controlcell growth and proliferation, the products of oncogenesare stimulatory components and the products of tumorsuppressor genes are inhibitory components.3 Cancer therapies directed solely at killing the rap-idly dividing cells that make up the bulk of a tumor areunlikely to eliminate the cancer from many patients.4 The main environmental causes of cancer are theproducts of our highly industrialized way of life such aspollution and food additives.
Lunatic fringe (Lfng) expression in Examine the figure and answer these questions: WT and DLL3pu mouse embryos wt DII3pu a wt d DI13 1.1 Compare the expression pattern of Lfng in one period of somitogenesis between the WT and DI13Pu mutants (panels a-f), where is the gene expressed and what is different? (3 points) 1.2 In panels g and h, the embryo was bisected and one side fixed right away and the other incubated for ½ of a single somitogenesis cycle. Compare the change in Lfng expression in the two genotypes at time 0 and time +45. What can we conclude from this experiment? (2 points) g
Which statements are true? Explain why or why not.1 In terms of the way it interacts with DNA, thehelix–loop–helix motif is more closely related to the leu-cine zipper motif than it is to the helix–turn–helix motif.2 Once cells have differentiated to their final spe-cialized forms, they never again alter expression of theirgenes.3 CG islands are thought to have arisen during evo-lution because they were associated with portions of thegenome that remained unmethylated in the germ line.4 In most differentiated tissues, daughter cells retaina memory of gene expression patterns that were presentin the parent cell through mechanisms that do not involvechanges in the sequence of their genomic DNA.
PDGF 100 PI3K 740 751 PI3K 50 - GAP O771 O GAP PTP P 1009 O PTP protein P-site 1 12 4 5. 6. 7. PI3K 740, 751+ 1021 GAP 771 +] +] PTP 1009 PLC PLCy PLCT 1021 When activated by ligand binding, the PDGF (platelet-derived growth factor) receptor becomes phosphorylated on 5 tyrosine residues (left figure). These phosphorylated tyrosines serve as binding sites for proteins that contain SH2 domains (SH2 domains bind phosphorylated Y). These proteins include phospholipase C-gamma (PLC-gamma), a phosphotyrosine phosphatase (PTP), a Ras GTPase-Activating Protein (GAP), and a phosphotidylinositol 3-Kinase (PI3K). PDGF stimulates several changes in the target cell, one of which is DNA synthesis. To determine which effectors of the PDGF receptor is/are responsible for stimulating DNA synthesis, you construct several mutant forms of the receptor that retain individual or combinations of the phosphorylation sites. You express these in cells and monitor DNA synthesi The results are shown in the right…
BL1250 Group activity 4 2020 (1) – Saved to my Mac v Mailings Review View Tell me EXERCISE 4 QUESTIONS 1. TRANSCRIPTION: Much research effort has been invested in understanding how transcription is regulated, because this process is very important for determining cell function. Transcription is a major on/ off switch for genes, providing the instructions for translation and determining the types and amounts of proteins made in a cell at a specific time. The Zebrafish is a model organism for research, and many biologists study how the regulation of genes affects the development of the zebrafish embryo. The effects of a variety of experimental conditions on zebrafish embryos can be easily visualized by light microscopy, because the outer covering (chorion) and the embryo are both transparent. See an images of zebrafish embryos at different time points in development and the adult form below. 0h Os 0.75 h 2h 3.25 h 8 h 16 h 24 h 72 h Adult -3 months (not to scale) Image from:…
The Wnt planar polarity signaling pathway nor-mally ensures that each wing cell in Drosophila has a sin-gle hair. Overexpression of the Frizzled gene from a heat-shock promoter (hs-Fz) causes multiple hairs to grow frommany cells (Figure Q15–5A). This phenotype is suppressedif hs-Fz is combined with a heterozygous deletion (DshΔ)of the Dishevelled gene (Figure Q15–5B). Do these resultsallow you to order the action of Frizzled and Dishevelledin the signaling pathway? If so, what is the order? Explainyour reasoning
hpo (hippo) mutant clones the corresponding WT twin spots were generated during Drosophila eye development, determine whether the following statements are true or false: hpo mutant clones will be larger than twin spots with larger cells hpo mutant clones will be larger than twin spots with more cells hpo mutant clones will be smaller than twin spots with smaller cells hpo mutant clones will be larger than twin spots with high levels of phosphorylated Yki
From experiments in which cells expressing normal myosin II heavy chain were altered to either lack (mhckA-) or overexpress (MHCKA ++) a myosin heavy chain kinase (MHCKA). For answering this question recall the earlier the variants on the myosin II heavy chain, in which three key threonines, normally subject to reversible phosphorylation, were altered in various ways: 3X Ser = Serines in place of Threonines 3X Ala = Alanines in place of Threonines 3X Asp = Aspartate in place of Threonines MHCKA is present at normal levels. Which of the two mutants (mhcp- or MHCP++) would be most likely to have a defect in cytokinesis?
. An interesting mutation in lacI results in repressorswith 110-fold increased binding to both operator andnonoperator DNA. These repressors display a “reverse”induction curve, allowing β-galactosidase synthesis inthe absence of an inducer (IPTG) but partly repressingβ-galactosidase expression in the presence of IPTG. Howcan you explain this? (Note that, when IPTG binds a repressor, it does not completely destroy operator affinity,but rather it reduces affinity 110-fold. Additionally, ascells divide and new operators are generated by thesynthesis of daughter strands, the repressor must findthe new operators by searching along the DNA, rapidlybinding to nonoperator sequences and dissociating fromthem.)
expand this into 1000 words. the context is Identification of Differentially Expressed Genes in Breast Cancer Using RNA-Seq "In investigating the impact of TONSL overexpression on cellular physiology and gene regulation, differential expression analysis emerges as a pivotal analytical approach. By comparing gene expression profiles between primary cells and TONSL-overexpressing cells, researchers can identify genes whose expression levels are significantly altered. This analysis not only sheds light on the direct targets of TONSL but also unveils broader regulatory networks and pathways influenced by TONSL overexpression. Moreover, by pinpointing key genes involved, researchers can discern potential molecular mechanisms underlying the observed phenotypic changes associated with TONSL overexpression, offering valuable insights into TONSL's role in cellular homeostasis and function. Furthermore, functional enrichment analysis stands as a complementary approach to understanding the…
True or False? p21 inhibits the S-cyclin/S-Cdk complex.