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- Exercise 6.2. If the companies that make up a duopoly agreed on the amount they are most interested in offering to the market, what amount would they choose? Why? If, on the other hand, each of the companies acted on its own, would they produce between the two a greater or lesser amount than in the previous situation? Graphically represent and explain your answers.Exercise 3: merger example Algoma Steel Inc. and Stelco Steel Inc. Merger? Suppose you work at the Bureau and your task is to assess a proposed merger between Algoma Steel Inc. and Stelco Steel Inc. For simplicity, these are the only two firms in Canada. The cost of this merger is that the two firms will become one joint firm, or the duopolists become the monopolist. This is likely to limit consumer choices and the equilibrium price is likely to rise. However, this merger is likely to increase economies of scale, or production cost will fall. From existing studies you know the following information, and P is the price per ton of steel and Q is the number of tons of steel. Demand for steel: P = 1,800 - Q Marginal revenue: MR = 1,800 - 2Q Supply of steel: MC = ATC = 600, identical across the two firms. Case #1: Before Merger - Cournot duopoly - the government does not intervene The total surplus (TS), defined as the sum of consumer surplus and producer surplus, is equal to…Karl Lipton is the marketing communications coordinator for a major electronics manufacturer. He is assigned with charting out a communications strategy for a new range of mobile phones developed by his company. How will Karl's communications strategy look over the course of the mobile phones' life cycle?
- N: $30 V: $130 High price New firm N: $50 V: $100 Low price Advertise Verizon N: $60 V: $140 Do not advertise Expand High price New New firm firm Low price N: $70 V: $90 Do not N: $30 V: $170 The figure shown displays the choices that could be made by Verizon and a new firm in the industry. The payoffs are the profits (in millions) these companies will earn as a result of their choices. What will be the outcome of this game? Multiple Choice The new firm will expand; Verizon will advertise; the new firm will choose high prices. The new firm will expand; Verizon will advertise; the new firm will choose low prices. The new firm will expand; Verizon will not advertise; the new firm will choose high prices. The new firm will not expand. еxpandPQ 18.02 (and 18.03) Two businesses in a market can decide to increase the amount of stores they operate. If neither business adds new stores they will each earn $10 million in profit; if both add new stores they will each earn $4 million in profit; and if one adds new stores while the other does not, the business adding new stores earns profit of $10 million and the other earns profit of $5 million. If these businesses are not colluding we would expect: Select an answer and submit. For keyboard navigation, use the up/down arrow keys to select an answer. a both may or may not add new stores. b one business will add new stores and the other will not. c both will add new stores. d neither will add new stores.Profits for two competing firms depend on the decisions to advertise or not to advertise as follows: If neither firm advertises, each makes a weekly profit of $100. If one firm advertises while the other does not, the firm that advertises makes $120 while the firm that doesn’t advertise makes $60. If both firms advertise, each firm makes $80. (a) What is the Nash equilibrium? Is this outcome efficient, from the perspective of the two firms? (b) How does the outcome of the game change if the parties can make a binding agreement in advance about advertising practices? (c) How does the game change if it is repeated over the course of many weeks (but the firms cannot make a binding agreement about how much advertising they will do)?
- The setting is a Ralph Lauren outlet store, and the product line is Polo golf shirts. A product manager and the General Manager for Outlet Sales are analyzing the discounted price to be offered at the outlet stores. Let’s work through the decision at the level of one color of golf shirts sold per outlet store per day. The decision being made is how low a price to select at the start of any given day to generate sales at that price throughout the day. The demand, revenue, and variable cost information is collected on the following spreadsheet:Questions1. Identify the change in total revenue (the marginal revenue) from the fourth shirt per day. What price reduction was necessary to sell four rather than three shirts?2. Does this fourth shirt earn an operating profit or impose an operating loss? How large is it?3. What is the change in total revenue from lowering the price to sell seven rather than six shirts in each color each day? In what sense is the decision to sell this seventh shirt…Suppose three purchasers of a new car have the following valuations for options: The firm’s costs are zero. 1. If the manager knows the valuations and identity of each consumer, what is the optimal pricing strategy? 2. Suppose the manager does not know the identities of the buyers. How much will the firm make if the manager sells brakes and air conditioners for $800 each but offers a special options package (power brakes and an air conditioner) for $1,100?Discuss why cartel members (upon entering into a agreement) often find themselves in aprisoner’s dilemma situation, show graphical analysis
- 1. One-Shot, Pricing Game. You are a pricing manager at Argyle Inc.-a medium-sized firm that recently introduced a new product into the market. Argyle's only competitor is Baker Company, which is significantly smaller than Argyle. The management of Argyle has decided to pursue a short-term strategy of maximizing this quarter's revenues, and you are in-charge of formulating a strategy that will permit the firm to do so. After talking with an employee who was recently hired from the Baker Company, you are confident that a) Baker is constrained to charge $10 or $20 for its product, b) Baker's goal is to maximize this quarter's profit, and c) Baker's relevant unit costs are identical to yours. You have been authorized to price the product at two possible levels ($5 or $10) and know that your relevant costs are $2 per unit. The marketing department has provided the following information about the expected number of units sold (in millions) this quarter at various prices to help you…Suppose Mattel, the producer of Barbie dolls and accessories (sold separately), has two types of consumers who purchase its dolls: low-value consumers and high-value consumers. Each of the low-value consumers tends to purchase one doll and one accessory, with a total willingness to pay of $60. Each of the high-value consumers buys one doll and two accessories and is willing to pay $114 in total. Mattel is currently considering two pricing strategies: Strategy 1: Sell each doll for $30 and each accessory for $301 Strategy 2: Sell each doll for $6 and each accessory for $54 In the following table, indicate the revenue for a low-value and a high-value customer under strategy 1 and strategy 2. Then, assuming each strategy is applied to one low-value and one high-value customer, indicate the total revenue for each strategy. Strategy 1 $30 doll + $30 accessory Strategy 2 $6 doll + $54 accessory Revenue from Low-Value Customers $60 Value, 1 Accessory ($) $ $ The strategy that generates the…Suppose Tasty Cakes is deciding its pricing strategy: it is debating whether to offer a single linear price for its sheet cakes or to offer non-linear pricing. Suppose on any day, it gets 2 customers–who are of Type A and TypeB with the following maximum willingness-to-pay for the cakes: Units Type A Type B 1 $100 $90 2 $75 $40 Suppose it costs $10 to bake each of the cakes. (a) If Tasty Cakes decides to pick a linear pricing strategy, what will be the profit-maximizing price it should choose? How many cakes will it end up selling and what will be its total profit? (b) If Tasty Cakes decides to pick a non-linear pricing strategy where it may offer a different price depending on the number of cakes purchased, what should be the profit-maximizing set of prices? How many cakes will it sell and what will be its total profit? (c)Comparing Tasty Cakes’profits in (a) and (b), explain IN WORDS why we see this difference in profits