Roth Inc. experienced the following transactions for year 1, its first year of operations: Issued common stock for $50,000 cash. Purchased $140,000 of merchandise on account. Sold merchandise that cost $110,000 for $250,000 on account. Collected $236,000 cash from accounts receivable. Paid $118,000 on accounts payable. Paid $50,000 of salaries expense for the year. Paid other operating expenses of $28,000. Roth adjusted the accounts using the following information from an accounts receivable aging schedule: Number of Days Past Due Amount Percent Likely to Be Uncollectible Allowance Balance Current $ 10,000 0.01 0−30 2,000 0.05 31−60 1,200 0.10 61−90 500 0.20 Over 90 days 300 0.50 Required for question: Step A: Journal form and T posts Step B: Prepare the income statement, statement of changes in stockholders’ equity, balance sheet, and statement of cash flows for Roth Inc. for year 1 Step c: What is the net realizable value of the accounts receivable at December 31, year 1?
Reporting Cash Flows
Reporting of cash flows means a statement of cash flow which is a financial statement. A cash flow statement is prepared by gathering all the data regarding inflows and outflows of a company. The cash flow statement includes cash inflows and outflows from various activities such as operating, financing, and investment. Reporting this statement is important because it is the main financial statement of the company.
Balance Sheet
A balance sheet is an integral part of the set of financial statements of an organization that reports the assets, liabilities, equity (shareholding) capital, other short and long-term debts, along with other related items. A balance sheet is one of the most critical measures of the financial performance and position of the company, and as the name suggests, the statement must balance the assets against the liabilities and equity. The assets are what the company owns, and the liabilities represent what the company owes. Equity represents the amount invested in the business, either by the promoters of the company or by external shareholders. The total assets must match total liabilities plus equity.
Financial Statements
Financial statements are written records of an organization which provide a true and real picture of business activities. It shows the financial position and the operating performance of the company. It is prepared at the end of every financial cycle. It includes three main components that are balance sheet, income statement and cash flow statement.
Owner's Capital
Before we begin to understand what Owner’s capital is and what Equity financing is to an organization, it is important to understand some basic accounting terminologies. A double-entry bookkeeping system Normal account balances are those which are expected to have either a debit balance or a credit balance, depending on the nature of the account. An asset account will have a debit balance as normal balance because an asset is a debit account. Similarly, a liability account will have the normal balance as a credit balance because it is amount owed, representing a credit account. Equity is also said to have a credit balance as its normal balance. However, sometimes the normal balances may be reversed, often due to incorrect journal or posting entries or other accounting/ clerical errors.
Roth Inc. experienced the following transactions for year 1, its first year of operations:
- Issued common stock for $50,000 cash.
- Purchased $140,000 of merchandise on account.
- Sold merchandise that cost $110,000 for $250,000 on account.
- Collected $236,000 cash from accounts receivable.
- Paid $118,000 on accounts payable.
- Paid $50,000 of salaries expense for the year.
- Paid other operating expenses of $28,000.
- Roth adjusted the accounts using the following information from an accounts receivable aging schedule:
| Number of Days Past Due |
Amount | Percent Likely to Be Uncollectible |
Allowance Balance |
||
| Current | $ | 10,000 | 0.01 | ||
| 0−30 | 2,000 | 0.05 | |||
| 31−60 | 1,200 | 0.10 | |||
| 61−90 | 500 | 0.20 | |||
| Over 90 days | 300 | 0.50 | |||
Required for question:
Step A: Journal form and T posts
Step B: Prepare the income statement, statement of changes in
Step c: What is the net realizable value of the accounts receivable at December 31, year 1?
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