Speciation events can occur on a variety of timescales. Which factor is NOT likely to influence the rate of speciation? OOOO Selection pressures Color of the organism Generation time Mutation rate
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- Which of the following statements about sympatric speciation is correct? It is a process through which two populations can diverge and develop reproductive isolation while in two different geographic area. It is the most common mechanism for populations to form independent species. Postzygotic isolation is the main form of reproductive isolation for the sympatric speciation process. Genetic isolation through large scale chromosomal mutations, such as chromosome inversion or polyploidy, are more likely contributing to sympatric speciation. None of the aboveIndicate the order in which the following steps would take place to result in Parapatric Speciation [enter 1 for the first step, 2 for the second, etc; write only the number -- no words, no spaces] Something happens so that the environment is different in one part of the range relative to the other, even though the populations are still contiguous. As they adapt to their specific environments, the fitness of any hybrid formed is reduced. The populations adapt to their environment in the part of the range where they live. Interbreeding populations connected via gene flow occur across a range. Reproductive isolating mechanisms are selected for so that less fit hybrids are not formed. Two species now exist.Indicate the order in which the following steps would take place to result in Sympatric Speciation [enter 1 for the first step, 2 for the second, etc; write only the number -- no words, no spaces] As they adapt to their specific environments, the fitness of any hybrid formed is reduced. Reproductive isolating mechanisms are selected for so that less fit hybrids are not formed. Two species now exist. Interbreeding populations connected via gene flow occur across a range. The populations in the new environment adapt to their particular circumstances while the remainder stay as they were. Something happens so that some members of the populations/species change their environment (shift hosts; have a genetic change like polyploidy or inversions), so that they are separated from the others even thought hey are living in the same area.
- Indicate the order in which the following steps would take place to result in Allopatric Speciation [enter 1 for the first step, 2 for the second, etc; write only the number -- no words, no spaces] The two groups develop reproductive isolating mechanisms so that they no longer interbreed. Interbreeding populations connected via gene flow occur across a range. The two separate groups adapt to their new environments. Some sort of physical barrier develops to split the once contiguous population(s) into two separate groups If they come back together, any hybrids formed are less fit.Over time, enough genetic variations can develop within a population to cause it to undergo speciation. Identify the various mechanisms that will prevent different species from being able to reproduce successfully. Which of these mechanisms is the most influential in keeping species sperate?What are characteristics of sympatric speciation? Select all that apply. Reproductive isolation necessary to end gene flow Divergence within a population leads to speciation Absence of a physical barrier Presence of a physical barrier Reproductive isolation unnecessary to end gene flow
- true or false, Sexual selection may lead to sympatric speciationPre-mating barriers to reproduction often evolve relatively late in the process of speciation. Describe why post-mating reproductive barriers typically evolve before pre-mating barriers.The phyletic gradualism model of speciation asserts that; Most speciation occurs allopatrically Speciation is a slow and gradual process that occurs as species slowly become geographically separated speciation occurs in quickly and then is followed by periods with little if any change Most speciation occurs sympatrially
- Secondary contact only plays a role in some of the speciation modes. Name the mode(s) of speciation that is/are not affected by secondary contact.Which of the following is NOT necessary for speciation to take place? Genetic divergence Physical separation by a geographic barrier Separation in space or time Reproductive isolationThe biological species concept depends on the existence of barriers to reproduction. What are they? Does this species concept apply in all situations? Think of an example from nature where the biological species concept would NOT be that applicable. Which species concept would be better in this example? How does speciation occur? What environmental factors might contribute to speciation? Can an individual speciate? Use terminology for the two kinds of speciation we have learned about. What is “gene flow”? What does it mean if there is NO gene flow? Two groups of individuals are separated by either side of a canyon. One researcher found that they do not cross the canyon at any point. The group on the north side have fluffy tails and thicker coats, and they do not eat moss. The south side individuals eat moss almost exclusively, have a thin coat and tail, but otherwise are generally identical. When in the lab they mated successfully, and the offspring of that mating also mated…