Study the sea star development slides, including early and late stages and identify the following stages and structures: zygote, two cell stage, morula (stage), blastula (stage), blastocoel (cavity), archenteron (cavity), ectoderm (layer), endoderm (layer), gastrula (stage). **See Table 52.1, Section 52.3 & 52.4 in textbook ** Why is it useful to study the development of sea stars (Echinodermata) when studying human development? What do the two have in common?

Study the sea star development slides, including early and late stages and identify the following stages and structures: zygote, two cell stage, morula (stage), blastula (stage), blastocoel (cavity), archenteron (cavity), ectoderm (layer), endoderm (layer), gastrula (stage). See Table 52.1, Section 52.3 & 52.4 in textbook Why is it useful to study the development of sea stars (Echinodermata) when studying human development? What do the two have in common?

Human Biology (MindTap Course List)

11th Edition

ISBN:9781305112100

Author:Cecie Starr, Beverly McMillan

Publisher:Cecie Starr, Beverly McMillan

Chapter17: Development And Aging

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1RQ: Define and describe the main features of the following developmental stages: fertilization,...

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Which of the following is true about Sea urchin blastula formation and fate map? a) ectoderm that develops into the larval skin and neurons, is regularly produced by the vegetal half of the embryo. b) an1 layer generates cells that can enter either the ectodermal or endodermal organs of the larva. c) veg2 layer forms the endoderm, coelom (internal mesodermal body wall), and the non- skeletogenic mesenchyme. d) small micromeres differentiate into the PGCS e) large micromeres differentiate into the secondary mesenchyme cells
Describe the movement of cells during early development that change an embryo from a blastula to a gastrula. Name the three main germ layers, describe their relative locations, and list the fates of the cells descended from each layer. What is the name and significance of the opening in the gastrula?
Identify the characteristics of protostome development: Select one or more: O spiral cleavage pattern indeterminate cleavage radial cleavage pattern O blastopore becomes the anus O blastopore becomes the mouth
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What are the differences between unfertilized and fertilized egg? Differentiate miolecithal, medialecithal and megalecithal. What organisms exhibit these features? What is the difference between isolecithal and telolecithal? How may these features affect the development of the organisms? What structures are derived from the ectoderm, mesoderm, and the endoderm?
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Classify and diagram embryos on the basis of their: (a) yolk content, (b) cleavage types, (3) cleavage patterns. Give examples for each. Egg Types and Cleavage Yolk Content Types of Cleavage Pattern of Cleavage Model Organism(s) Oligolecithal/ isolecithal Mesolecithal
Explain the following terms: ectoderm, endoderm, mesoderm and stem.
Define and describe the main features of the following developmental stages: fertilization, cleavage, gastrulation.
A: Why do sea urchins have external fertilization? [Discuss the life style of the developing sea urchin embryo in the water column compared to a very different ecological niche of the adults on the ocean floor. Besides, would you want to give live birth to a sea urchin! ouch!] 2: Then why don't the parents take care of the young? [In fact the adults do in a way. After the embryo has grown large enough and metamorphosed into a young urchin they hide in the spines of the adults, living off of the scraps of food produced from the messy eating of the adults] 3: Because the urchin life involves two or more ecological niches, they are more susceptible to predation and exposure to environmental toxins. What environmental conditions, predators and toxins might they be exposed to at each stage?
What is the importance of blastopore formation in protostomes? There may be multiple correct answers. Select one or more: O it is involved in the process of gastrulation to form the third layer of tissues in triploblastic organisms: the mesoderm O it is involved in the process of gastrulation, and will be used to release gases from the internal body of an organism O that the gastrovascular cavity of protostomes is formed by the indentation of the blastula early in development, starting with the mouth O that the gastrovascular cavity of protostomes is formed by the indentation of the blastula early in development, starting with the anus O the blastopore isn't really that important
Define gastrulation and morphogenesis.