Successful Public Private Partnerships (PPP's) can deliver high-quality services at lower cost than the government. For this promise to be realized, not only must the private sector be more  efficient, but the efficiency gains must be large enough to compensate for the fact that  private sector borrowing costs are often higher than those of the government. The  required efficiency gains are more likely to materialize if PPPs have the following  characteristics: 1. The quality of services is contractible. 2. Risk is transferred to the private sector.  3. There is either competition or incentive-based regulation.  4. An appropriate institutional framework is in place.  5. The government develops its own technical expertise.  6. The fiscal implications of PPPs are properly accounted for and reported.  The Concession Agreement for the Public Private Partnership (PPP) Project for  upgrading to Dual-Carriage-Way of 327 km of T2/T3 from Lusaka to Ndola, including  rehabilitation of 45km of Luanshya-Fisenge-Masangano Road was signed on 28th  February, 2023 in Ndola. The total project cost is US$ 649,976,167, broken down as  follows: (a) US$ 577.38 million is the total cost of construction; (b) US$ 1,000,000 for  working capital; (c) US$ 1,849,500 for finance costs; and (d) US$ 69.74 million) for  interest during the construction period. Using the six factor characteristic model listed above for a successful implementation of a  PPP, appraise the Dual Carriage Way PPP

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Successful Public Private Partnerships (PPP's) can deliver high-quality services at lower cost than the
government. For this promise to be realized, not only must the private sector be more 
efficient, but the efficiency gains must be large enough to compensate for the fact that 
private sector borrowing costs are often higher than those of the government. The 
required efficiency gains are more likely to materialize if PPPs have the following 
characteristics:
1. The quality of services is contractible.
2. Risk is transferred to the private sector. 
3. There is either competition or incentive-based regulation. 
4. An appropriate institutional framework is in place. 
5. The government develops its own technical expertise. 
6. The fiscal implications of PPPs are properly accounted for and reported. 


The Concession Agreement for the Public Private Partnership (PPP) Project for 
upgrading to Dual-Carriage-Way of 327 km of T2/T3 from Lusaka to Ndola, including 
rehabilitation of 45km of Luanshya-Fisenge-Masangano Road was signed on 28th 
February, 2023 in Ndola. The total project cost is US$ 649,976,167, broken down as 
follows: (a) US$ 577.38 million is the total cost of construction; (b) US$ 1,000,000 for 
working capital; (c) US$ 1,849,500 for finance costs; and (d) US$ 69.74 million) for 
interest during the construction period.


Using the six factor characteristic model listed above for a successful implementation of a 
PPP, appraise the Dual Carriage Way PPP

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