Suppose the following game is repeated infinitely. The players have a common discount factor & E (0,1). 1 C3,2 0,5 D 5,0 1,1 For high enough values of d, there is an equilibrium of the infinitely repeated game in which (C, C) is played in the first 4 periods followed by (D, D) in sub- sequent periods. Is this true or false? Explain carefully.
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- Consider the following game: Player 2 In Out Player 1 In -2,-2 2, 0 Out 0, 2 0, 0 (a) What is the Nash equilibrium of this game, or what are the Nash equilibriaof this game? (b) Does either firm have a dominate strategy (a strategy that is always abest response)? Which? (c) Suppose Player 1 could move before Player 2 and Player 2 could observe Player 1’s move. What do you think would happen?Consider the following extensive form game between player 1 and player 2. T B (2, 2) L R R (3, 1) (0, 0) (5, 0) (0, 1) (a). Find the normal form representation of this game. (show the bimatrix) (b). Find all pure strategy NE. (c). Which of these equilibria are subgame perfect?rock paper scissors гock 0. -3 1 рарer 1. -1 scissors -1 3 0. (a) Show that xT= ( ) and yT= (3) together are not a Nash equilibrium 3 3 313 for this modified game. (b) Formulate a linear program that can be used to calculate a mixed strategy x € A(R) that maximises Rosemary's security level for this modified game. (c) Solve your linear program using the 2-phase simplex algorithm. You should use the format given in lectures. Give a mixed strategy x E A(R) that has an optimal security level for Rosemary and a mixed strategy y E A(C) that has an optimal security level for Colin.
- (b) ROWENA up Answer 1: up Answer 2: In this simultaneous move game, the iterated dominance equilibrium is (Rowena's . Colin's left left Answer 3: ). This game has two Nash equilibria one of which is the iterated dominance equilibrium. The other Nash equilibrium, which is not the IDE, is (Rowena's down Colin's right down Up Down Answer 4: Left right 0,0 0,0 COLIN Right 0,0 1,12- Consider the following game. Player 2 Player 1 U 12, 2 | 3, 9 5, 8 4, 2 D (a) Find all the Nash equilibria, pure and mixed. (b) Suppose that the payoff of the column player u:(D, L) is reduced from 8 to 6, but all other payoffs remain the same. Again, find all the pure- and mixed-strategy Nash equilibria. (c) Compare the mixed-strategy equilibria in parts (a) and (b). Did this worsening in one of player 2's payoffs change player 2's equilibrium mixed strategy? Did it change player l's? Give some intuition.In equilibrium, what is the probability that player 1 will use the pure strategy E in this game?
- Consider the following simultaneous game: Player 1 U D Player 2 L 20,-10 -10, 20 R -10, 20 20,-10 Please indicate whether each of the following statements is true or false. Player 1 has a dominant strategy. This game has a Nash equilibrium. This game has a Nash equilibrium in pure strategies. Player 1's best response is D if player 2 plays R.Two workers are on a production line. They each have two actions: exert effort, E, or shirk, S. Effort costs a worker e > 0 and shirking costs them nothing. If two workers do action E a lot of output is produced and the workers earn £3 each. If only one worker chooses action E less output is produced and they both earn £1. The workers earn nothing if they both shirk. (i) Describe this situation as a strategic form game (assuming the workers do not observe each other's effort choice when making their own decision). (ii) For what values of e does this game have strictly dominant strategies? (iii) Describe the Nash equilibria of this game for e = 0,1, 2, 3. (iv) The workers now are re-arranged into a production line. First worker 1 moves and then worker 2 moves. Worker 2 can now see worker l's effort level before they choose their effort. Draw this extensive form game. (v) Find the subgame perfect equilibria of the production-line game for c = 1/2 and c = 3/2.Convert into Normal-Form Game and Find out the subgame-Nash Equi- libria? OUT (0, 2) Small Entrant Small IN Entrant Incumbent Large Large Small Large (−6, −6) (−1,1) (1,−1) What does the Information set imply in this game? (-3,-3)
- see image Use the following setting for questions 1-3. Consider the following static game: C R L 3,1 0,0 5,0 T M 2,1 1,2 3,1 B 1.2 0,1 4,4 Suppose this game is played for two periods. At the beginning of period 2, the players can observe the outcome from period 1. There is no discounting. 1. First, assume only pure-strategy SPNE such that either player's second period strategy DOES NOT depend on the first period outcome. How many such SPNE are in this game? (a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 4 (e) none 2. Consider only SPNE from the previous question. What is the maximum sum of the players' payoffs that can be achieved in the first period? (a) 0 (b) 3 (c) 4 (d) 5 (e) 8 3. Now consider all possible pure-strategy SPNE such that (B,R) is played in the first period. What must be the equilibrium outcome in the second period of such SPNE? (a) (T,L) (b) (M,C) (c) (B,R) (d) (T,R) (e) There are no such SPNEGAME 5 Player B B1 B2 Player A A1 7,3 | 5, 10 A2 3, 8| 9, 6 In Game 5 above, O Neither player has a dominant strategy. O Player B has a dominant strategy. O Player A has a dominant strategy. O Both players have dominant strategies.For the friend-foe game, recall that there were 3 Nash equilibria possible, but the equilibria set didn't include the cooperative outcome, for which both players would win. Friend Foe Friend 500,500 0,1000 Foe 1000,0 0.0 a) If the game is played répeatedly. propose a play strategy that will enforce cooperation. For what valucs of o (discount factor) the equilibrium will be (Friend. Friend)?