The demand for clean streets in a neighborhood is Q = 125 – P. For each of the following questions, do not worry whether there are enough streets in the neighborhood. Refer to Scenario 2. At what marginal cost would the optimal amount of clean streets be 100 , 50?
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Scenario 2
The demand for clean streets in a neighborhood is Q = 125 – P. For each of the following questions, do not worry whether there are enough streets in the neighborhood.
Refer to Scenario 2. At what marginal cost would the optimal amount of clean streets be 100 , 50?
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- Principles of Microeconomics Prof. Pinyuan Dong Due October 12, 2022 Problem Set 2 A. Suppose the demand and supply for the market of cigarettes in a city is given by QD = 400-50P, Qs = 50P. 1. Graph the demand and supply curves. What is the market equilibrium price and quantity? 2. The city council wants to discourage smoking. If the socially optimal demand for cigarettes is QD 200-50P, what can the city council do to achieve the socially optimal demand? 3. What is the quantity of cigarette sold after the government takes appropriate actions? How much do consumers pay and how much do producers get? Is the government action effective in its objective of discouraging cigarette consumption? B. Suppose the local gas station in a small town sells regular gasoline at $4/gallon. The gas station sells 100 gallons in a day. Due to global gas prices, it increased the price to $5/gallon. The next day, the gas station is only selling 90 gallons a day 1. Using these two points, calculate the price…What is the efficient outcome in this market? Equivalently, which types of bikes should changetheir owners to maximise the social welfare?Air is necessary for life, is the marginal benefit of air large or small?
- 1.Explain specifictly how to overcome and solve the major problem of Mcdonal's company from polluting the water? 2. Explain specifictly how to stop the staff from throwing unethically waste inside the water? 3. Explain what the company will do if the staff still throwing unethically waste in the water?1. Road construction is going on Riccarton Road. 100 Uber drivers want to drop their passengers at the airport. Each driver is deciding whether to take Riccarton Road or take Blenheim Road. The cost of travelling through Riccarton Road is $10 (additional fuel required due to slow traffic), while the Blenheim Road route has a low fuel cost (theoretically let's assume $0) but takes more time to reach the airport. In deciding on a route, each driver cares only about income, denoted i, and his travel time, denoted t (where we have made the dollar value of one unit of travel time equal to 1). Driver's payoff is assumed to be his/ her profit (income - cost of travelling, including travel time). Assume that each driver has same income of $500. If m drivers are on Riccarton Road, the travel time for a driver on Riccarton Road is assumed to be m (in dollars). In contrast, if m drivers take Blenheim Road, the travel time for those on the Blenheim Road is 2m (again, in dollars). Drivers make…3. The figure shows supply and demand for planting trees, based on private costs and private value. Trees sequester carbon, meaning that they help counteract pollutants that contribute to climate change. Supply is given by P=(1/5)Q+4. Price of trees ($) 16 vlleiona sdi toode grind of gaitneleon oxibiadua Insamovog od bluoria doum woll > (laval lernitqo siooz - love pioiflo aniH) Sninaly sou to level insioifto Quantity of trees 80 Vanui D=PV=SV a. Suppose that the carbon sequestration that results from planting a tree is worth $4. Graph the social cost curve for tree planting that accounts for the positive externality indo of trees. O noitesubs sgo lovel yus 101 aftened steving sdh besoxs noitesubs 02/20 exibiadure of me 1944an2be agellos to innome insisifie yllisimmanoce sil oiterubo ogollos to calv b. Ignoring the positive externality, how many trees will be planted? uba
- Say that you are a manager with the Transportation Security Administration (TSA). The table below shows fictional estimates of the marginal benefit and marginal cost of additional TSA security lines at Mahlon Sweet Field, the airport in Eugene, Oregon. Number of Marginal In this space, draw the graph of the marginal data from the left columns. Answer these questions below using the data table and graph. Benefit 3. Security Lines 1 2 3 4 5 6 $10,000 9,000 7,000 5,000 4,000 3,000 Marginal Cost $2,000 3,000 4,000 5,000 8,000 12,000 The surplus of the marginal benefit over cost for the second security line is $ and $ for the third security line. If your goal is to maximize total surplus, you WILL / WILL NOT (circle one) operate a third security line. The optimal number of TSA security lines is because this is where the marginal equals the marginal which maximizes totalExplain the efficiency condition for Public Goods. Also draw the graph and interpret the graph.1. Solve for the graph and aggregate demand of the city’s 30 residents as functions of the number of trees. Label intercepts slopes and intersection of two sections. 2. Assume that the city can obtain each tree at a constant marginal cost of 200. Solve the socially efficient numbers of trees for the city to purchase.
- 3. Now reconsider the issue of soybeans from the perspective of Chinese consumers. Assume you are a Chinese consumer who drinks soymilk each day. Demonstrate using a graph how your consumption of soymilk differs from the socially optimal level. Is the price you pay for soymilk in current market conditions the correct amount, too high, or too low? Why? Ensure that you label your graph correctly (all curves, axes, price and quantities labeled). Show the deadweight loss of soymilk consumption, and what price should be charged for soymilk to move the amount of soymilk you drink to the optimal level.4.00 3.50 3.00 2.50 2.00 1.50 1.00 D. 0.50 1. 6. 8. 6. 10 11 12 13 14 15 Quantity (thousands of dozens per month) At a price of $1.50 per dozen, how many bagels are supplied per month? 5. 4. 3. 2. Price per dozen bagels3. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has a new vaccine against a disease and are trying to determine the optimal percentage of the population that should be vaccinated. They do not recommend vaccinating the whole population against the smallpox virus because the vaccine has undesirable, and sometimes fatal, side effects. Suppose the following table gives the data about the effects of the vaccine. a. Calculate the Marginal Benefit (in terms of how many extra lives are saved by the vaccine) and the marginal cost (in terms of how many extra lives are lost due to side effects) of each 10% increment of the vaccination. Write your answers on the appropriate columns above. b. Using marginal thinking, determine the optimal percentage of the population that should be vaccinated. Explain your answer.
