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Control structures
Control structures are block of statements that analyze the value of variables and determine the flow of execution based on those values. When a program is running, the CPU executes the code line by line. After sometime, the program reaches the point where it has to make a decision on whether it has to go to another part of the code or repeat execution of certain part of the code. These results affect the flow of the program's code and these are called control structures.
Switch Statement
The switch statement is a key feature that is used by the programmers a lot in the world of programming and coding, as well as in information technology in general. The switch statement is a selection control mechanism that allows the variable value to change the order of the individual statements in the software execution via search.
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- Write this statement in words: ? = {? ∈ ? +| − 1 ≤ ? ≤ 1}Problem-1: Check if an integer is Prime An integer greater than 1 is prime if its only positive divisor is 1 or itself. For example, 2, 3, 5, and 7 are prime numbers, but 4, 6, 8, and 9 are not. Key idea: To test whether a number is prime, check whether it is divisible by 2, 3, 4, and so on up to number/2. If a divisor is found, the number is not a prime. The algorithm can be described as follows: Use a boolean variable isPrime to denote whether the number is prime; Set isPrime to true initially; for (int divisor = 2; divisor <= number / 2; divisor++) { if (number % divisor == 0) { Set isPrime to false Exit the loop; } }Scenario As you surely know, due to some astronomical reasons, years may be leap or common. The former are 366 days long, while the latter are 365 days long. Since the introduction of the Gregorian calendar (in 1582), the following rule is used to determine the kind of year: if the year number isn't divisible by four, it's a common year, otherwise, if the year number isn't divisible by 100, it's a leap year. otherwise, if the year number isn't divisible by 400, it's a common year. otherwise, it's a leap year. none of the above year int(input("enter the year")) if (year%4 1-0) and (year%400 -0) or (year % 1000): print (year is common year") else: print(year, is leap year") year= int(input ("enter the year")) if (years !-0) or (year480 1-0) and (year % 1001-0): print(year is common year") else: print(year, "is leap year") D year= int(input("enter the year"))
- Where is the second part of this assignment2) A BMI Calculator: the body mass index (BMI) is a measure used to determine whether a person is overweight or not. We can calculate BMI from the weight of the person (in pounds) and the height (in inches) of the person. The formula for calculating BMI is: BMI = (weightInPounds 703) divided by (heightInInches squared) In this problem, you will have to create a BMI calculator, i.e., a Java program, that reads the user's weight in pounds and height in inches, then calculates and displays the user's body mass index BMI. Also, display the following information from the US Department of Health) so the user can evaluate his/her BMI: BMI values: Underweight: less than 18.5 Normal: between 18.5 and 24.9 Overweight: between 25 and 29.9 Obese: 30 or greaterLanguage C++ It has been observed by management that some faculty member at the university demonstrates a lackadaisical attitude toward teaching. They seldom go to class yet at the end of each month they receive full salary. Management has decided that GHs 200, 300, 400, and 500 will be deducted from a faculty’s salary if he/she offends once, twice, third time and forth time respectively in a month. This means that if a faculty member offends once in a month GHs 200 will be deducted, if a faculty member offends twice in a month, GHs 500 (i.e. 200+300) will be deducted, if a faculty member offends three times in a month GHs 900 (i.e. 200+300+400), will be deducted and if a faculty member offends four times in a month GHs 1,400 (i.e. 200+300+400+500). Assuming all faculty members are on a flat salary rate of GHs 2000. a. Write a program to request for the names of four faculty members and number times he/she has absented him/herself from class. One of them should have absented…
- Interest on a credit card’s unpaid balance is calculated using the average daily balance. Suppose that netBalance is the balance shown in the bill, payment is the payment made, d1 is the number of days in the billing cycle, and d2 is the number of days payment is made before billing cycle. Then, the average daily balance is: averageDailyBalance = (netBalance * d1 – payment * d2) / d1 If the interest rate per month is, say, 0.0152, then the interest on the unpaid balance is: interest = averageDailyBalance * 0.0152 Instructions Write a program that accepts as input netBalance, d1, payment, d2, and interest rate per month (interestRate). The program outputs the interest. Format your output to two decimal places. Input: 100 30 50 7 9.7 Output: 856.83 Test case 2: Input: 255.76 31 55 3 12.3 output: 3080.38Programming Exercise C++ Summary During the tax season, every Friday, the J&J accounting firm provides assistance to people who prepare their own tax returns. Their charges are as follows: If a person has low income (<= 25,000) and the consulting time is less than or equal to 30 minutes, there are no charges; otherwise, the service charges are 40% of the regular hourly rate for the time over 30 minutes. For others, if the consulting time is less than or equal to 20 minutes, there are no service charges; otherwise, service charges are 70% of the regular hourly rate for the time over 20 minutes. (For example, suppose that a person has low income and spent 1 hour and 15 minutes, and the hourly rate is $70.00. Then the billing amount is 70.00 X.40 X (45/60) = $21.00.) Instructions Write a program that prompts the user to enter yearly income, the hourly rate, the total consulting time. The program should output the billing amount. Your program must contain a function that takes as…Interest on a credit card’s unpaid balance is calculated using the average daily balance. Suppose that netBalance is the balance shown in the bill, payment is the payment made, d1 is the number of days in the billing cycle, and d2 is the number of days payment is made before billing cycle. Then, the average daily balance is: averageDailyBalance = (netBalance * d1 – payment * d2) / d1 If the interest rate per month is, say, 0.0152, then the interest on the unpaid balance is: interest = averageDailyBalance * 0.0152 Write a program that accepts as input netBalance, d1, payment, d2, and interest rate per month (interestRate). The program outputs the interest. Format your output to two decimal places.
- When you borrow money to buy a house, a car, or for some other purpose, you repay the loan by making periodic payments over a certain period of time. Of course, the lending company will charge interest on the loan. Every periodic payment consists of the interest on the loan and the payment toward the principal amount. To be specific, suppose that you borrow $1,000 at an interest rate of 7.2% per year and the payments are monthly. Suppose that your monthly payment is $25. Now, the interest is 7.2% per year and the payments are monthly, so the interest rate per month is 7.2/12 = 0.6%. The first months interest on $1,000 is 1000 0.006 = 6. Because the payment is $25 and the interest for the first month is $6, the payment toward the principal amount is 25 6 = 19. This means after making the first payment, the loan amount is 1,000 19 = 981. For the second payment, the interest is calculated on $981. So the interest for the second month is 981 0.006 = 5.886, that is, approximately $5.89. This implies that the payment toward the principal is 25 5.89 = 19.11 and the remaining balance after the second payment is 981 19.11 = 961.89. This process is repeated until the loan is paid. Write a program that accepts as input the loan amount, the interest rate per year, and the monthly payment. (Enter the interest rate as a percentage. For example, if the interest rate is 7.2% per year, then enter 7.2.) The program then outputs the number of months it would take to repay the loan. (Note that if the monthly payment is less than the first months interest, then after each payment, the loan amount will increase. In this case, the program must warn the borrower that the monthly payment is too low, and with this monthly payment, the loan amount could not be repaid.)Note: without (return )any value Without using returnThe quadratic formula is used to solve a very specific type of equation, called aquadratic equation. These equations are usually written in the following form:ax2 + bx + c = 0The Quadratic Formula x = ( -b ± √( b^2 - 4ac ) ) / ( 2a ) Where a, b, and c are constants with a ≠ 0. (If a = 0, the equation is a linear equation.)The discriminant is the part of the formula in the square root. If the value of the discriminant is zero then the equation has a single real root. If the value of thediscriminant is positive then the equation has two real roots. If the value of thediscriminant is negative, then the equation has two complex roots.Write a program that finds the roots of the quadratic equation using the Quadratic Formula. Write a function named discriminant in the file, Disc.py, to calculate and return the discriminant of the formula. Let the main function call the discriminant function and then calculate the solution(s) of the equation. Do not calculate the solutions in the discriminant…