Trace the pathway of [14C]bicarbonate through gluconeogenesis. Use an asterisk to indicate the location of ¹4C in all intermediates and in the final gluconeogenesis product, glucose.
Q: Which of the following are properties of membranes? Electrically polarized Hydrophobic exterior…
A: The cell membrane is composed lipid bilayer with proteins embedded in the bilayer. The membrane is…
Q: There are parts A-C for this picture included. A) What type of enzyme is Malate Dehydrogenase?…
A: Malate dehydrogenase catalyzes the reversible conversion of malate into oxaloacetate. This is the…
Q: how can we clasify table sugar is it organic or inorganic compound?
A: Carbohydrates or carbs are macronutrient consisting of Carbon, hydrogen and oxygen atoms. In nature…
Q: Q3. Photodynamic therapy results in induction of WAF1 or CIP1 or P21 leading to cell cycle arrest…
A: In photodynamic therapy, photosensitizers are used to generate singlet oxygen from oxygen by using…
Q: Sickle cell anaemia is caused by a mutation in the HBB gene. The normal wild-type βA allele contains…
A: Sickle cell anemia is a result of a mutation in the HBB gene. This gene contains the restriction…
Q: The period gene of Drosophila melanogaster encodes for a stretch of Thr-Gly repeated in tandem. In…
A: In this question, it is given that the allele with 20 Thr-Gly repeats produces an amplicon of size…
Q: Q27 Please solve all u can
A: Enzymes catalyse biochemical reactions and lower the activation energy. Enzyme kinetics include km…
Q: Write down the values in bold print. You are isolating a protein with a pl of 8.5 using cation…
A: As given in the question, a protein with pI of 8.5 was isolated using cation exchange…
Q: Given the banding pattern from the gel electrophoresis below, the nucleotide sequence of this…
A: Electrophoresis separates the DNA strands based on their size. Thus, the smaller fragments sieve…
Q: n Multi-Column Purification of rGFP. What happens to the protein amount, protein purity, and/or…
A: Protein purification is a series of steps or processes that are intended to isolate one or a few…
Q: The role of Zn2+ in catalysis is usually to: a. Stabilize a (-) charge in the transition state Ob.…
A: Proteins include zinc, which is either essential for preserving protein stability and structure or…
Q: Which of the following is incorrect about protein kinase A (PKA)? It is activated by the 2nd…
A: Protein Kinase A is a type of enzyme that can phosphorylate the serine or threonine residues of…
Q: You have been the only one who has been able to this. It has three other parts as well, A) Which…
A: Gibbs free energy change, equilibrium constant and reaction quotients are values for a reaction…
Q: The coenzyme pyridoxal phosphate (PLP) in its active form has all the following characteristics…
A: Pyridoxal phosphate (PLP) is the coenzyme form of Vitamin B6 (pyridoxine). PLP is involved in the…
Q: Which of the following molecules has one or more functional groups that can act as hydrogen bond…
A: The formation of hydrogen bond depends on the presence of hydrogen attached to an electronegative…
Q: Which of the following is incorrect? Oa. None; all the other choices are correct O b. Disulfide…
A: Disulfide bonds are the bonds that are formed between two sulfhydryl groups. It is a covalent bond…
Q: Why is the transition-state analog not necessarily the same as a competitive inhibitor
A: Competitive inhibitor is the inhibitor having the similar shape as the substrate of the enzyme and…
Q: Separation of Amino Acids by Thin Layer Chromatography Lab Questions 1. Describe in detail Thin…
A: Chromatography is a technique used to separate mixtures of substances into individual components. It…
Q: Which of the following is incorrect? O a. Metabolic pathways involve mostly intermediates or…
A: Metabolic pathways are very important for a cell to provide energy.metabolic pathways might be…
Q: CH₂-0-0 _-(CH₂)-CH₂ Triglycerides can be classified by the number of double bonds present in the…
A: A triglyceride has a glycerol backbone in which all the hydroxyl groups are esterified to fatty…
Q: 1. Consider the three-dimensional model of the tertiary structure of an enzyme below. Amino acids…
A: Enzymes are proteins that have tertiary structure formed by the folding of polypeptide chain .…
Q: Tests Leukocytes Nitrite Urobilinogen Protein pH Blood Specific G. Ketone Bilirubin Glucose Unknown…
A: The urine analysis details of two unknown samples (A and B) are given. The interpretations for…
Q: Digestive enzymes and end products of digestion of each biomolecules
A: Carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins are the biomolecules that are obtained through the diet. These…
Q: What is a xenograft? O Grafts sourced from animal organs. Grafts sourced from the patient's twin…
A: A graft is referred to any organ or tissue that is transplanted from any other body. There are four…
Q: If 32P labeled (radioactive phosphate) inorganic phosphate were introduced to erythrocytes…
A: Glycolysis converts glucose into pyruvate or lactate with the generation of energy. The process of…
Q: Match the nephron structure with its correct description. cap-like structure at the top of each…
A: Nephrons are the structural and functional units of human kidney. There are approximately 1 million…
Q: 4. the first two reactions in glycolysis associated with unfavorable AG° values, i.e., AGº > 0, both…
A: Glycolysis is a process where glucose is broken down to pyruvate to yield energy. The energy formed…
Q: Which of the following statements best describes the absorption of glucose? Absorption of…
A: Glucose absorption is the process of uptake of glucose by the cells of the body. Glucose is the…
Q: Which of the following is incorrect about the drugs called statins? O a. None; all the other choices…
A: The regulation of cholesterol synthesis can be explained simply in terms of economics. SREBP is…
Q: Answer for the number 10 question. Thank you. No need for long explanation.
A: Metabolic reactions are of two types which are catabolism and anabolism . Catabolic reactions are…
Q: 2) "I CHz-O-C-CH2(CH2)13CH3 (с CH(CH, ch-o-c-CH2(CH2)13CH3 | 0 II сH2-0 0 -о + OCH,CHÍNH, ||…
A: A saponifiable lipid is are made up of long chain fatty acids that are connected to an alcoholic…
Q: QUESTION 14 Match pairs of terms together that have the same value b. 1 micromole 1 μmole/l 1 mM 1…
A: 0.1 = 10-1 (deci)0.01 = 10-2 (centi) 0.001 = 10-3 (milli) 0.000 001 = 10-6 (micro)0.000 000 001 =…
Q: 6. Below are two bar graphs. One represents the ratio of saturated to unsaturated fatty acids…
A: Saturated fatty acids are the fatty acids without double bonds in the hydrocarbon chain. Unsaturated…
Q: Question: which of the following conditions will lead to decrease in consumption of palmitoyl- COA…
A: Fatty acid beta oxidation takes place in mitochondrial matrix. Acyl CoA is an acyl thioester. This…
Q: Another question about tecniques that im getting confused over Can someone explain me which one…
A: Trypsin and chymotrypsin are protease enzymes that cleave the internal peptide bonds in a peptide.…
Q: create a unique biosynthesis pathway of mevalonic acid from Geranyl to cardiac and saponin…
A: Examples of terpenes are saponins, gutta, rubber, cardenolides, pyrethrin, etc. Based on the…
Q: It is an essential amino acid with a nonpolar side chain O arginine O proline tryptophan O threonine…
A: Aminoacids are the building blocks of proteins with polar and non polar side chains. Amino acids are…
Q: Which of the following is/are true about the primary structure of a protein? It does not include…
A: As per the central dogma of molecular biology, DNA contains the code that is necessary for the…
Q: Complete the following table. Enzyme Salivary Amylase Lipase Pepsin Lactase Peptidase Function + ◆…
A: Digestion is the process by which large macromolecules like proteins, carbohydrates, nucleic acids…
Q: I have a question When they ask in an exam question "draw two pyranose form of D-glucose, what do…
A: Pyranose form of sugar refers to the six membered ring structure that consists give carbon atoms and…
Q: Table 1 shows the kinetic data that have been obtained for glucoamylase from Aspergillus niger at…
A: According to Michaelis-Menten Kinetics, when the rate or velocity of an enzyme catalyzed reaction…
Q: SECTION 1: ACTIVATION ENERGY The picture to the right shows someone trying to push a boulder up a…
A: Activation energy, Ea, is the minimum kinetic energy required by reactants in a chemical reaction…
Q: the following peptide is incubated as chymotrypsin: Gly-Val-Phe-Lys-Ala. Present the detailed…
A: Peptides are small amino acid sequences.The proteolytic enzymes like trypsin, pepsin,…
Q: Which of the following amino acid residues cannot act as a nucleophile? a. Serine b. Glutamate C.…
A: Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins. They have side chain R groups that are important…
Q: Which of the following is true about b-amylase? O It breaks the internal alpha-(1---> 6) glycosidic…
A: Introduction: Amylase is an enzyme that degrades starch into sugars. It was first isolated by French…
Q: Be sure to answer all parts. Give the amino acid sequence of an octapeptide that contains the amino…
A: Proteins are composed of amino acids. They are linked together by peptide linkages. Proteins have…
Q: Choose 3 words and make them a sentence. Repeat this structure 2 times please
A: Proteins having additional sugar chains are found in glycoproteins. Lipids with linked carbohydrates…
Q: Which of the following is incorrect about the first phase of glycolysis? O a. None; all the other…
A: Glycolysis is initiated with one molecule of glucose and yield two pyruvate molecules, four ATP…
Q: Read very carefully: Chymotrypsin cleaves peptides C TERMINUS to the aromatic amino acids. Trypsin…
A: Trypsin and chymotrypsin are the proteases that break down protein into individual amino…
Q: Which of the following is incorrect about the enzyme chymotrypsin? a. It catalyzes the addition of…
A: It does not catalyze the addition of water across a double bond. It is basically a serine protease…
Trending now
This is a popular solution!
Step by step
Solved in 2 steps with 2 images
- Describe the gluconeogenesis. What are the substrates for gluconeogenesis? (yellow boxes) and write the names of the enzymes belong to the gluconeogenic pathway. Glucose 4 se-6-phosphate usphoglucose isomerase Fructose-6-phosphate Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate HAidolase Triose phosphate Dihydroxyacetone phosphate isomerase Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate P.. NAD CH,OH Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase 1,3-Bisphosphoglycerate CH,OPO,- NADH ADP Phosphoglycerate kinase ATP 3-Phosphoglycerate Phosphoglycerate || mutase 2-Phosphoglycerate 2 X Enolase Phosphoenolpyruvate GDP, CO, GIP Oxaloacetate ADP + P, 1 ATP, HCOS PyruvateDraw the products of the reaction of xylulose-5-phosphate and erythrose-4-phosphate catalyzed by transketolase in the pentose phosphate pathway. Provide the structure in the protonation state found in physiological conditions. H H H OH FO HO-H H-OH H OPO3²- Q transketolase Draw glyceraldehyde-3- phosphate H H- H H H O OH OH OPO3²- Draw fructose-6- phosphate Q I IWhat are the equilibrium concentrations of fructose 1,6-bisphosphate, dihydroxyacetone phosphate, and glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate when 1 mM fructose 1,6-bisphosphate is incubated with aldolase under standard conditions?
- What type of bond is hydrolyzed by alpha Amylase?Enolase catalyzes the reversible reaction shown below. Draw the detailed mechanism for the reaction that occurs in gluconeogenesis, namely the reaction of phosphoenolpyruvate to form 2-phosphoglycerate (the reverse direction in the reaction below).The urea cycle can be summarized through the following reaction: O || H₂N-C-OPO3= COO- | H3N-CHCH₂COO- O || H₂N-C-NH2 + -OOCCH = CHCOO- 1. Write the reactions, using structural formulas that lead to the formation of carbamoyl phosphate and its subsequent incorporation into the urea cycle. Name the enzymes and how they are activated.
- Phosphoglycerate mutase (PGM) catalyzes the interconversion of 3-phosphoglycerate (3PG) and 2-phosphoglycerate (2PG) in the glycolytic and gluconeogenic pathways. a) To what enzyme class does PGM belong? b) There are two distinct classes of PGM, one which is dependent on 2,3-bisphosphoglycerate (2,3-BPG), dPGM, and one which is not, iPGM. dPGM uses acid base chemistry and a phosphorylated histidine residue to interconvert 3PG and 2PG. The dPGM reaction proceeds with formation of 2,3-BPG as an intermediate. Propose a mechanism for the dPGM-catalyzed conversion of 3PG to 2PG that is consistent with this information. c) What is the purpose of 2,3-BPG (i.e., why does dPGM require it)?Identify the structure of the metabolites below, and name their glycolytic enzyme and metabolic step: Glucose 6-phosphoglucose 1-phosphoglucose Fructose 1-, 6-biphosphofructose Phosphoenol pyruvate 2-phosphoglycerate 3-phosphoglycerate Lactate o PyruvateRefer to Figure, which indicates ∆G for each glycolytic reaction under intracellular conditions. Assume that glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase was inhibited with iodoacetate, which reacts with its active site cysteine sulfhydryl group. Which glycolytic intermediate would you expect to accumulate most rapidly, and why?
- Please choose the correct order for the glycolytic intermediates listed below. In any given answer, there may be missing intermediates. fructose 1,6 bisphosphate; glyceraldehyde 3 phosphate; 3 phosphoglycerate; dihydroxyacetone phosphate O glucose; glucose 6 phosphate; pyruvate; phosphoenol pyruvate O glucose 6 phosphate; fructose 6 phosphate; 2 phosphoglycerate; pyruvate O fructose 6 phosphate; glucose 6 phosphate; 3 phosphoglycerate; glyceraldehyde 3 phosphateChoose the CORRECT sequence of glycine formation. transamination of 3-phosphoglycerate → hydrolysis of 3-phosphohydroxypyruvate → hydrolysis of 3-phosphoserine → transfer of the side-chain methylene group of cysteine to tetrahydrofolate → glycine transamination of 3-phosphohydroxypyruvate → oxidation of 3-phosphoglycerate → transfer of the side-chain amino group of serine to tetrahydrofolate → glycine oxidation of 3-phosphoglycerate → oxidation of 3-phosphohydroxypyruvate → hydrolysis of 3-phosphoserine → glycine transamination of 3-phosphohydroxypyruvate → hydrolysis of 3-phosphoserine → oxidation of 3-phosphoglycerate →transfer of the side-chain methylene group of serine to tetrahydrofolate → glycine oxidation of 3-phosphoglycerate → transamination of 3-phosphohydroxypyruvate → hydrolysis of 3-phosphoserine → transfer of the side-chain methylene group of serine to tetrahydrofolate → glycineIndicate the general type of enzyme that mediates each glycolysis reaction depicted below. (e.g. Transferase, Oxidoreductase, Kinase, Hydrolase, Lyase, or Isomerase) iii. O H Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate → 1,3-Bisphosphoglycerate H-C-OH + NAD CH₂O-P + P₁ H-O- -C-H Glucose →→ Glucose-6-phosphate H b 0 OH HO OH H-C- 0 -H HO- H ОН H-C-OH + NADH +H+ CH₂O P P ATP ADP 1 H (P-O- -C- H H HO OH 2-Phosphoglycerate → Phosphoenolpyruvate 0 OH H ОН -O~(P) + HOH