what are the specific names of the target cells of the anterior pituitary gland (adenohypophysis) that are regulated by hormones of the hypothalamus?
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what are the specific names of the target cells of the anterior pituitary gland (adenohypophysis) that are regulated by hormones of the hypothalamus?
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- Name the basic hormones of neurohypophysis. Where are they synthesized? What are their structures by chemical nature? What are their functions?a) How does the body's hormonal response to short-term stress differ from the body's hormonal response to long-term stress? In your answer, provide the names of the hormones released, the glands from which they are released, and the effects on the body. b) Provide 2 reasons (as discussed in class) why long-term stress is harmful to our physical health.State what the different parts of the pituitary gland are called and how they differ. b) Explain the physiological significance of the portal system of the hypothalamus and pituitary gland c) What hormones are produced by different parts of the pituitary gland? Enter in the image below. What effects do these hormones have on the body? Give at least one example of a function for each hormone.
- List the 5 targets and major functions of the six classical anterior pituitary gland hormones?Congenital adrenal hyperplasia is a condition where individuals have a mutation in the 21 hydroxylase gene, so that the enzyme 21-hydroxylase is non functional. a)Which hormones would nit be produced in these individuals? b)What will happen to the amount of progesterone in the blood?1) Hormone pathologies often manifest with elevated or lower hormones. The underlying cause may differ. What symptoms would be associated with hyperthyroidism? 2) Autoimmune disease in which auto-antibodies stimulate the TSH receptor (TSHR) on the thyroid gland. How would this affect levels of TRH, TSH, and TH? Draw out the H-P-T axis to illustrate changes in each hormone. 3) What symptoms would be associated with hypothyroidism? 4) How could this disease be treated? When the thyroid cells are destroyed, they cannot make hormones anymore and TH replacement needs to be given.
- Identify the six hormones produced by the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland, their target cells, their principal actions, and their regulation by the hypothalamus.Describe the embryonic origins of the adenohypophysis and neurohypophysis, and list theparts of each. Which of these parts is also called the anterior pituitary? Which is called the posterior pituitary?Describe the most important actions of neurohypophyseal hormones. What are the effects of under secretion and oversecretion? Give some of the most common examples.
- The endocrine system is composed of glands that secrete hormones that regulate the activity of different body cells. The pituitary gland is often called the "master gland" because it controls the activities of other glands. Discuss a disorder associated with either hypo or hypersecretion of a specific hormone secreted by the pituitary gland. Include in your discussion the answer to the following: What effect will an increase or decrease in production have on the target organs?What signs and symptoms are associated with this condition and how is it treated?1)What tissue regulates both the adenohypophysis and the neurohypophysis? Does this tissue regulate lots of physiological functions? Give a few examples. 2) All of the following are directly controlled by a hormonal stimulus from the hypothalamus EXCEPT… a)GH, Growth hormone b) FSH c) Oxytocin. d) TSH, Thyroid Stimulating Hormone 3) How would a tumor in cells that produce TSH affect levels of TSH in the blood? increase / decrease / normal 4) How would this affect hormone secretion by the target cells of TSH? increase / decrease / normalDuring an in vitro experiment, it is found that glucocorticoids inhibit the growth of all neural processes, therefore controlling the morphologic characteristics of the chromaffin cells of the adrenal medulla. These modified neurons are most likely stimulated by which of the following mechanisms to release their secretory product? A) Acetylcholine release from sympathetic fibers B) Change in the rate of polymerization of metanephrine C) Decreased blood flow in cortical sinusoidal capillaries D) Downregulation of corticotropin-releasing factor E) Increased concentrations of endogenous chromogranins.