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Name: What is the name of the process that adds a modified guanosine nucleot
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Description: What is the name of the process that adds a modified guanosine nucleotide to the 5’ phosphates of pre-mRNAs in eukaryotes?a. splicingb. polyadenylationc. cappingd. nuclear exporte. photophosphorylation

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What is the name of the process that adds a modified guanosine nucleotide to the 5’ phosphates of pre-mRNAs in eukaryotes? a. splicing b. polyadenylation c. capping d. nuclear export

Concepts of Biology

1st Edition

ISBN:9781938168116

Author:Samantha Fowler, Rebecca Roush, James Wise

Publisher:Samantha Fowler, Rebecca Roush, James Wise

Chapter9: Molecular Biology

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 11RQ: Post-translational control refers to: a. regulation of gene expression after transcription b....

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Why might a single base-pair mutation in eukaryotic mRNA be less serious than one in prokaryotic mRNA? a. If the mutation occurs in the 5' end of the start site, it will not affect the gene product. b. If the mutation occurs in the exon, it will not affect the gene product. c. If the mutation occurs in the splice site of a transcript with alternative splicing, only one gene product may affected. O d. If the mutation occurs in the intron or not in the splice site of a transcript with alternative splicing, it will nc affect the gene product. O e. If the mutation occurs in the 3' end of the start site, it will not affect the gene product. OLIE STIC N 1A
How is translation different in prokaryotes and eukaryotes? a. In prokaryotes, because they do not have a nucleus, the translation of mRNA occurs while it is being transcribed b. In prokaryotes, pre-mRNA translation before transcription occurs within the cell c.In prokaryotes, reverse trancriptase simultaneously translates and transcribes mRNAd.In prokaryotes, functional mRNA allows for translation to be skipped, and proteins are made during transcription
what is the first event to take place in translation in eukaryotic cell? a. An clongation of the polypeptide chain by the addition of amino acids b. Binding of the larger ribosomal subunits to the smaller ribosomal subunits c. Base pairing of activated methionine-tRNA to AUG of messenger RNA d. The small subunits of ribosome recognizing and attaching to 5' cap of mRNA
Which two amino acids may be encoded in genes by stop codons? A. L-Hydroxyproline and L-Hydroxylysine B. L-6N-Methyllysine and L-6N-Acetyllysine OC. L-Thyroxine and Desmosine D.L-Ornithine and L-Citrulline O E. L-Selenocysteine and L-Pyrrolysine
If an MRNA is alternatively spliced, then different introns are removed from a pre-MRNA, producing transcripts that will potentially encode proteins with different primary structures. I. the MRNA is found in a bacterial cell. II. transcription and translation of the MRNA will occur simultaneously. the alternative splicing happened in the cytoplasm. IV. Ay different exons from a pre-mRNA will be spliced together. V. the different MRNAS will all have poly-A tails. VI.
What factors are utilized by the cell in order to recognize the stop codon and disassemble the translation machinery? A. elongation factors B. release factors C. transcription factors D. initiation factors E. mRNA factors
What features are NOT characteristic of bacterial transcription? a. tRNA, rRNA, and mRNA use different RNA polymerasesb. A -10 box c. Hairpin loops at the end of mRNA can signal terminationd.
Suppose that section x, y, and z of the following hypothetical DNA strand are the exon (coding sequence) of one gene: 3’ CGC GGA TAT CTC GAG AAT TGT CTA 5’ x y z What is the structure of each of the following substances made under its direction? a. mRNAb. The polypeptide that is made using the given genetic information (use the genetic code)c. Suppose a mutation occurs, what is the resulting polypeptide sequence of the new DNA strand? 3’ CCC GAA TAT CTC GAG AAT TGT CTA 5’ x y z
The sequence of bases in a sample of MRNA was found to be: GGU,AAU,CCU,UUU,GUU,ACU,CAU,UGU a Deduce the sequence of amino acids this codes for. b Determine the sequence of bases in the coding strand of DNA from which this MRNA was transcribed. c Within a cell, state where the triplet codes, codons and anticodons are found.
The addition of the poly-A tail adds more than 200 units of adenine to the strand of mRNA, yet no protein has a continuous line of more than 200 phenylalanines in its structure. Why is this so? A. RNA splicing occurs and removes the noncoding sequences. B. The poly-A tail and 5' GTP cap do not translate into proteins. C. The adenines are reabsorbed by the cell and help to form other forms of RNA. D. The tRNA does not recognize the poly-A tail.
tRNAs a. carry amino acids b. bind to the anticodon present in the mRNA c. adapt the genetic information to the ribosome d. catalyze the peptide bond
What are the role of transcription proteins? Explain briefly at your own words