What proportion of the total energy consumption supports brain function in an average resting human? What proportion in a human running in a marathon?
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What proportion of the total energy consumption supports brain function in an average resting human? What proportion in a human running in a marathon?
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- Match the following regarding muscle contractions: The final chemical messenger and "trigger" for muscle contraction. It binds to troponin A neurotransmitter released at motor end plates by the axon terminals It diffuses across the cell membrane resulting in depolarization Activates synaptic vesicles in axon terminals to fuse with plasma membrane of axon terminal Used to convert ADP to ATP by transfer of a high-energy phosphate group. A reserve high-energy compound Breaks down ACh into its building blocks, rendering it ineffective [Choose] [Choose] [Choose] [Choose] [Choose] [Choose ]Most immediate physiological adjustments to exercise occur prior to any change in tissue metabolic demand for oxygen or nutrients. This occurs because exercise increases sympathetic nervous system activity. With your knowledge of exercise and the control of alpha motor neurons by the primary motor cortex of the brain, how does increased exercise influence the sympathetic nervous system?If you were able to control fatigue in the muscle cell experimentally such that you only exposed the muscle to high levels of Pi and no other metabolites, what would you observe? A decline in force without much change in velocity A decline in velocity without much change in force A muscle operating below Lo A decline in both force and velocity An increased affinity of Ca2+ for troponin
- Given that the wants to preserve energy supplies that could be needed during high intensity events, what is prefentially used in muscle most of the time to make ATP? Ketones Phosphocreatine Glucose Amino acid Fatty acidWhat is the readily available stored source of energy in muscles to create ATP when someone exhaust its mitochondrial ATP?The motor unit firing patterns are measured in a human hand muscle using an electromyography (EMG) recording. Which one of the following statements is the best description of the EMG pattern observed as the individual voluntarily attempts to make a low-level force of contraction in the muscle and steadily increases the force of contraction? Low amplitude spikes visible on the EMG trace at low force. Larger amplitude spikes become visible with increasing force of contraction. Low frequency of small amplitude spikes on the EMG trace at low force. Spike frequency and amplitude increase with increasing force. A large single deflection in the trace as the individual contracts the muscle. The deflection gets larger with increasing force. Low frequency of spikes on the EMG trace at low force. The frequency of spikes becomes more frequent with increasing force.
- A student weighing 700 N took a weight management course with a Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR) of 1500 kcal, which is 20% of their total daily fat intake. If a student consumed 40.0 g of fat in a day, how many minutes would the student perform sitting exercises at the rate of 1 time per second? (Up-down counts as 1 time) to burn excess fat received if each time the center of gravity shifts to a distance of H = 50.0 cm, as shown in the figure, muscle efficiency is 25% and fat 1.0 g provides 9.0 energy. kcal (1 kcal = 4184 J) CG CGA fish suddenly has to swim in order to escape a predator. This type of activity is considered _____ and uses ATP molecules that are______ compared to slowly swimming fish. 1) sustained exercise; fundamentally the same 2) sustained exercise; fundamentally different 3) burst exercise; fundamentally the same 4) burst exercise; fundamentally differentwhat are the advantages of applying the principles of work physiology, especially in assessing the energy expenditure of people performing tasks at various levels?
- When Eric returned from jogging, he was breathing heavily, sweating profusely, and complained that his legs ached and felt weak. His wife poured him a sports drink and urged him to take it easy until he could “catch his breath.” On the basis of what you have learned about muscle energy metabolism, respond to the following questions: Why is Eric breathing heavily? Which ATP-generating pathway have his working muscles been using that makes him breathless? What metabolic products might account for his sore muscles and muscle weakness?Classify characteristics of skeletal muscle energy metabolism by dragging each statement to its correct metabolic pathway for ATP synthesis. Allows time for the other two pathways to increase their ATP production Reaction is catalyzed by creatine kinase Blood glucose and fatty acids become fuel for this pathway after 10 minutes of exercise Lactic acid is a waste product produced by this pathway Rapid means of forming ATP during the first few seconds of muscle contraction Very rapid, requiring only a single enzymatic reaction Produces ATP used during moderate, prolonged levels of muscular activity This pathway requires oxygen Produces a significant fraction of ATP during high-intensity Produces ATP from glucose quickly in the absence of охудen Uses glycogen broken down into glucose during the first 5-10 minutes of moderate exercise Produces only small quantities of ATP for each metabolized glucose molecule exercise Oxidative Phosphorylation Creatine Phosphate Glycolysis Reset● How is VO2 used to gauge exercise intensity (as a percentage) and what is the relationship with workload? How is steady state oxygen consumption related to aerobic metabolism and ATP?