What type of regulation would be expected when anaerobic metabolism is occurring in the muscle? Select all that apply. O Activation of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase Increased levels of calcium to activate pyruvate dehydrogenase phosphatase Phosphorylation of pyruvate dehydrogenase O Inhibition of pyruvate dehydrogenase complex O Increased levels of NADH to activate citrate synthase O Increased levels of NADH to inhibit alpha-ketogluterate dehydrogenase complex O Increased levels of acetyl CoA to activate pyruvate carboxylase for gluconeogenesis DOOO

What type of regulation would be expected when anaerobic metabolism is occurring in the muscle? Select all that apply. O Activation of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase Increased levels of calcium to activate pyruvate dehydrogenase phosphatase Phosphorylation of pyruvate dehydrogenase O Inhibition of pyruvate dehydrogenase complex O Increased levels of NADH to activate citrate synthase O Increased levels of NADH to inhibit alpha-ketogluterate dehydrogenase complex O Increased levels of acetyl CoA to activate pyruvate carboxylase for gluconeogenesis DOOO

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Description: 5 What type of regulation would be expected when anaerobic metabolism is occurring in the muscle?Select all that apply.O Activation of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinaseIncreased levels of calcium to activate pyruvate dehydrogenase phosphatasePhosphorylat

Biochemistry

6th Edition

ISBN:9781305577206

Author:Reginald H. Garrett, Charles M. Grisham

Publisher:Reginald H. Garrett, Charles M. Grisham

Chapter19: The Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 22P: Study Figure 19.18 and decide which of the following statements is false. Pyruvate dehydrogenase is...

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What type of regulation would be expected when anaerobic metabolism is occurring in the muscle? Select all that apply. O Activation of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase O Increased levels of calcium to activate pyruvate dehydrogenase phosphatase O Phosphorylation of pyruvate dehydrogenase O Inhibition of pyruvate dehydrogenase complex O Increased levels of NADH to activate citrate synthase O Increased levels of NADH to inhibit alpha-ketogluterate dehydrogenase complex O Increased levels of acetyl CoA to activate pyruvate carboxylase for gluconeogenesis
Which of the following conditions is most likely to force a muscle cell to metabolize glucose anaerobically(fermentation) under normal oxygenation ? - Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency - Lactate dehydrogenase deficiency -Pyruvate kinase deficiency -Aldolase deficiency - Cytososic Glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency
Why would LDH be up- or down-regulated depending on location of cancer cells? Anaerobic cancer cells enhance rates of ATP production and rely on pyruvate to lactate conversion. LDH5 expressed can vary in favoring pyruvate for conversion to lactate (anaerobic metabolism). Aerobic compartments in newly formed fibrobasts and vessels use lactate to convert to pyruvate for oxidative phosphorylation and favor lactate conversion to pyruvate by LDH1 (aerobic metabolism). Lactate dehydrogenase is upregulated in both cancer cells and supporting stroma and vessels, thus only LDH5 is upregulated showing enhanced expression levels and thus presence at the plasma membrane to increase levels of lactate for export, LDH1 levels are always consistent. LDH1 is upregulated in response to the export of lactate by MCT1, while LDH5 is down-regulated Neither LDH1 or LDH5 are both consistently expressed, regardless of oxygen levels
Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) plays an essential role in an exercising muscle, especially when the level of excursion surpasses the ability of circulatory systems ability to supply adequate oxygen. What is the main reason LDH is so important to the muscle under these conditions? It produces one mole of ATP via substrate level phosphorylation. It resupplies NAD+ to glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase. It decreases pH thus decreasing the dissociation rate of oxygen from hemoglobin It produces NADH for energy while converting pyruvate into lactate. It removes excess lactic acid from the muscle to create pyruvate. Next
Which of the following is higher during high levels of glutathione reductase and NADP? SH A но (GSH) OH NH2 NH2 HO OH ;-CH-CH2-CH2-C-NH-CH–ċ–NH–CH2- CH2 В (GSSG) CH2 -CH-CH;-CH2=C-NH–C NH-CH–Ç-NH-CH2-C HO OH NH2
All the enzymes listed below catalyze a reaction in the skeletal muscle. For an Olympic sprinter, which ones would be considered relevant during the running of a 100m sprint (select all that apply)? O glycogen phosphorylase O pyruvate kinase glycogen synthase O lactate dehydrogenase O adenylate kinase O pyruvate dehydrogenase O creatine kinase
Of the allosteric enzymes listed below, which are suppressed by NADH? Select all that apply. the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex a-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex U isocitrate dehydrogenase pyruvate kinase Ophosphofructokinase hexokinase Oglucokinase
Given the following question on the image identify the following:1. Total number of glucose molecules entering glycolysis2. Total number of pyruvate molecules produces at the end of glycolysis3. Total number of mitochondrial NADH produced after pyruvate is acted upon pyruvate dehydrogenase complex4.Total number of CO2 released right after the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex reactionConsider that the shuttle system is maltase-aspartate shuttle
a Lactate dehydrogenase H H3C-C-COO- OH L-(+)-Lactase b Creatine kinase CH3 H₂N This is a(an) NH₂ Creatine + ATP Adenosine triphosphate This is a(an) ADP OOC-C-CH3 Adenosine diphosphate Pyruvate CH3 ON ồ Ò NH2 Y Phosphocreatine
The enzyme is considered to be alan * ÇOO ÇOO Lactate dehydrogenase HO-C-H+ NAD C=0 + NADH + H CH: Pyruvate Lactate O Oxydoreductase O Isomerase O Hydrolase O Ligase O Dehydratase
Which of the following should inhibit the PDC by feedback inhibition? Choose all that apply. NADH NAD+ CoASH Acetyl-CoA Pyruvate Glucose 6-phosphate
"Gerty and Carl Cori discovered the relationship of the liver-muscle axis and its relationship of 3. glucose and lactate turnover. After understanding this cycle, why would it be a bad idea to drink alcohol after a strenuous run knowing that alcohol dehydrogenase in the liver utilizes NAD+?