When Fructose (shown below) undergoes reduction in the presence of H2 and Pd, two compounds are generated. What is the relationship between the two compounds generated? ОН Но— Н H. OH H OH HO.
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- 4. Glycolysis is a metabolic pathway that converts glucose into pyruvate while synthesizing high-energy molecules. During one step of Glycolysis, glucose-6-phosphate (an aldose) is converted to fructose-6-phosphate (a ketose) via an ene-diol intermediate. OH OH O OP OH OH ОН ОН glucose-6-phosphate OH OH OH OP OH fructose-6-phosphate Draw arrow pushing mechanism to describe this isomerization. Use B: and HA as surrogates for basic/acidic amino acid residues.One pathway for the metabolism of D-glucose 6-phosphate is its enzyme-catalyzed conversion to D-fructose 6-phosphate. Show that this transformation can be accom- plished as two enzyme-catalyzed keto-enol tautomerisms. СНО CH,OH C=0 enzyme catalysis Но Но H OH H H. O- H- -HO- ČH,OPO, ČH,OPO, D-Glucose 6-phosphate D-Fructose 6-phosphateIdentify the anomeric carbon. Identify the glycosidic linkage. Lactose ОН ОН OH HO HO, HO OH
- Part 3 of 3 Modify the structure of lactulose to show the monosaccharide products that form from hydrolysis. You may draw the structures in any arrangement that you like, so long as they aren't touching. он H сн, он :☐ Он × 5 H H HO снон Сн, он H Он Н д- Н Н OH Н5)A certain aerobic organism is able to metabolize the followingglycolipid CH,OH H H OH H HO OH A.Draw the 2 resulting structures that would occur upon initial hydrolysis of the O-glycosidic bond.Lactose contains what number of anomeric carbons and what number of glycosidic bonds: CH2OH ОН CH2OH ОН OH OH OH
- Identify and name the glycosidic bond in the structure shown below. CH2OH ОН ОН OH2. Identify the carbon atoms of the carbohydrate rings at which the oxidation takes place by circling the carbon atoms in the structure that become an aldehyde or ketone group. Note: do this for the reducing sugars only! H -OH H HO Po-glucose он HO OCH, methyl e-D-glucoside но. HO OH OH a-D-fructone он HO HO HO, H HỌ HO- OH Suarose HO- HO maltose25. Identify the sugars and the glycosidic linkage in the following molecule. HO HƠ OH HO O OH O HO- OH OH
- N-NHPH CHO CH2OH H- C=N-NHPH Но- -H- 3 equiv Но- -H- 3 equiv Но- PHNHNH2 PHNHNH, H- H- OH H- -O- H- H- -HO- H- -HO- ČH2OH ČH2OH ČH2OH D-glucose osazone D-fructose + NH3 + PHNH2 + 2 H20 The final step in the formation of the osazone from glucose is the reaction of the keto imine with 2 equivalents of phenylhydrazine to yield the osazone plus ammonia. This reaction involves the following intermediate steps: 1. Addition of phenylhydrazine to the imine and proton transfer to yield intermediate 1; 2. Elimination of ammonia to yield phenylhydrazone 2; 3. Addition of phenylhydrazine to the ketone to yield tetrahedral intermediate 3; 4. Proton transfer yields carbinolamine 4; 5. Elimination of water yields the final product osazone. Write out the mechanism on a separate sh of paper and then draw the structure of tetrahedral intermediate 3. NH НО- -H H- -ОН H- -ОН ОН Glucose keto imine Previous NeClassify each of the following sugars. (For example, glucose is an aldohexose.) CH2OH CH2OH C=0 Но H- HO- C=0 H- H- CH2OH HỌ H- но -H Но ČH;OH ČH2OH CH2OHIn the biosynthesis of aromatic amino acids, erythrose-4-phosphate undergoes electrophilic addition to phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP). Draw the products of this step, paying particular attention to regiochemistry. ОН OPOH ОН ? Enzyme Erythrose 4-phosphate Phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP)