Which of the following terms are used to apply ONLY TO SELECTION, and never to just evolution. Choose all that apply. (1 or more are correct). founder effect fitness allele frequencies bottleneck effect selective advantage/disadvantage cost/benefit

Biology (MindTap Course List)
11th Edition
ISBN:9781337392938
Author:Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. Berg
Publisher:Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. Berg
Chapter19: Evolutionary Change In Populations
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 10TYU: Which of the following is not true of natural selection? (a) natural selection acts to preserve...
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Which of the following terms are used to apply ONLY TO SELECTION, and never to just evolution. Choose all that apply. (1 or more are correct).

  1. founder effect
  2. fitness
  3. allele frequencies
  4. bottleneck effect
  5. selective advantage/disadvantage
  6. cost/benefit
Expert Solution
Introduction:-
  1. Founder effect:- the reduced genetic diversity which results when a population is descended from a small number of colonizing ancestors.
  2. Fitness:- how good a particular genotype is at leaving offspring in the next generation relative to other genotypes.
  3. Allele frequencies:-The allele frequency is the number of individual alleles of a certain type, divided by the total number of alleles of all types in a population.
  4. Bottleneck effect:- A bottleneck effect is a term used to describe the loss of genetic variation that occurs after outside forces destroy most of a population. The few individuals left to reproduce pass their traits on to all of their offspring, which then may thrive without the competition of a large population.
  5. Selective advantage/disadvantage:- Any characteristic or trait that gives an organism or a genotype greater chances of surviving and reproducing than the available alternatives.
  6. Cost/benefit:- The aim of a cost-benefit analysis is to allow making statements about the conditions under which particular kinds of adaptations are likely to evolve and explain the reasons for these adaptations being observed in some populations and not in others.

 

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