X* = 0 In this case, what is the optimal level of pollution abatement? O Halfway down the horizontal axis 00 Full abatement (zero pollution) O All the way to the right of the graph MAC MB Abatement
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- If 10 million toy cars are sold. which means that: The production of toy cars is currently at an inefficient level, and to reach efficiency more should be produced. From the data given it is impossible to tell if toy cars are being produced at the efficient level. O The production of toy cars is currently at an inefficient level, and to reach efficiency less should be produced. The production of toy cars is currently at the efficient level. IF 30 million toy cars are sold, - vwhich means that: The production of toy cars is currently at an inefficient level, and to reach efficiency more should be produced. O From the data given it is impossible to tell if toy cars are being produced at the efficient level. The production of toy cars is currently at the efficient level. The production of toy cars is currently at an inefficient level, and to reach efficiency less should be produced. The optimal allocation of resources would result in the production of toy cars.Use the graph to explain whether an efficient level of emissions can be attained in two different regions for example an urban and a rural areaurco Use the chart below to answer the following question. The Socially Optimal Quantity of Pollution Select one: O a. $83 O b. $250 O c. $500 O d. $167 Marginal social cost, marginal social benefit $500 250 167 0 MSC MSB 83 125 Quantity of pollution The chart above shows the marginal social cost (MSC) and marginal social benefit (MSB) of pollution. Using the information provided in the figure, we can conclude the optimal Pigouvian tax per unit of pollution is:
- In 2006, the Australian Government incorporated research into corporate social responsibilities to determineif there is a need to include social and environmental responsibilities within the Corporation Act throughamendment procedure. It was decided not to incorporate a particular regulation through legislation, insteadrely upon the 'market forces' to encourage companies to do the 'right thing'. This viewpoint was expressedthat if companies did not look after the environment or did not act in a socially responsible manner, peoplewould not want to consume the organisations' products. From the equity market perspective, potentialinvestors would not want to invest in the organisations, and further workers wouldn't want to work for them,and so forth. Because companies were aware of such market forces, they would do the 'right thing' even inthe absence of legislation.Requirement:1) Using theories such as Public Interest Theory, Capture Theory and Economic Interest Group Theoryto critically…There are two factories in a small town. Both of them emit carbon dioxide into the air. Their current monthly emissions, as well as their total costs for reducing emissions in 20-ton increments, are listed in the tables below. Factory 1 Current emissions (tons/month) 120 Total cost of reducing emissions by 20 tons/month $50 Total cost of reducing emissions by 40 tons/month Total cost of reducing emissions by 60 tons/month Total cost of reducing emissions by 80 tons/month Total cost of reducing emissions by 100 tons/month $150 $270 $410 $570 Factory 2 Current emissions (tons/month) 160 Total cost of reducing emissions by 20 tons/month $20 Total cost of reducing emissions by 40 tons/month $60 Total cost of reducing emissions by 60 tons/month $110 Total cost of reducing emissions by 80 tons/month $200 Total cost of reducing emissions by 100 tons/month $300An increase in globalization has lead to an increase in pollution, and this is a problem because pollution is seen to be the classic example of a This is a that individuals impose on others but do not pay for. O negative externality, cost O possitive externality, benefit O negative externality, benefit O possitive externality, cost
- cap-and-trade and windfall profitsA city called Seoul is suffering from high concentrations of mercury in the air, caused by burningcoal in power plants. There are two of these plants close to the city. The city’s mayor wants touse cap-and-trade to reduce emissions to a reportedly “safe” level of 60 tons. The two firms havethe following marginal benefits of emissions: MB1 = 100 – 2e1, MB2 = 25 – 0.5e2.a. How much mercury will each firm emit? What allowance price will prevail in themarket?Firm 2 hires a smart lobbyist who convinces the government that its profits are relatively low andthat it therefore deserves a generous allowance allocation. The government agrees and allocatesa1 = 20 allowances to firm 1 (for free) and a2 = 40 allowances to firm 2 (for free).b. What are the firms’ profits? Do any of the firms earn windfall profits? [Hint: compareprofits with and without regulation.] Windfall profits have been sharply criticized by consumer advocacy groups and politicians.c. What can…4.4 how am i supposed to show this, are there going to be two lines crossing over eachother?Which statement about externalities is wrong? O Markets are typically not efficient in dealing with externalities O Externalities can be positive or negative O A firm naturally takes into account negative externalities that result from their production O Interventions such as carbon taxes can help correct externalities gative externalities imply that the social cost is high than the internal (or private) cost
- Suppose the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) wants to mandate that all methane emissions must be reduced to zero in order to alleviate global warming in the United States. Which of the following describes why most economists would disagree with this policy? O The opportunity cost of zero pollution is much higher than its benefit. O The environment isn't worth protecting. O Reducing methane emissions is desirable, but whatever levels of pollution firms decide to emit privately are already efficient. O Society would not benefit from lower air pollution.The dry-cleaning industry is a major source of air pollution. Based on this information, which conclusion is the most likely to be true about the price and output of dry-cleaning services? O Because dry-cleaning does not have much demand, pollution is not affecting their demand. O Dry-cleaning is a complimentary good. O Dry-cleaners see it as less profitable to cause pollution. Because there are no financial consequences for the pollution, fixing it wouldn't be as profitable for dry-cleaners.1.Explain specifictly how to overcome and solve the major problem of Mcdonal's company from polluting the water? 2. Explain specifictly how to stop the staff from throwing unethically waste inside the water? 3. Explain what the company will do if the staff still throwing unethically waste in the water?