INFS5001 Project Management Notes

Factors such as recognition, achievement, advancement, and growth can trigger motivation. They call these factors motivators. Motivators, such as salary, working condition, status, and security are called hygiene factors, which tend to eliminate dissatisfaction" (Robbins, 1996).

motivation. Theory X represents a negative view on of human nature that assumes individuals generally

Theory X takes the position that the average human being is “lazy and self-centered, lacks ambition, dislikes changes and longs to be told what to do” (Stewart, 2010). It portrays the perspective that a worker avoids responsibility and has to be controlled every step of the work process. There is little to no delegation of

Theory X is based on the assumptions that the average human beings dislike work, wishes to avoid responsibility if at all possible. Therefore most people must be coerced, controlled to achievement of organizational objectives. Theory X management style therefore requires close, firm supervision with clearly specified tasks.

Since there is little or no difference between the salaries increases of employees who meet production goals and those who do not, some employees have said they are not motivated to achieve the goals, even if they are capable of doing so. The company must ensure that employees meeting company goals are rewarded with bonuses, salary increases, or other incentives that are greater and more appealing than those received by employees not meeting the goals. The company could further differentiate the

Project Management Institute. (2000). _A Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge (4th ed.)._

Theory X and Theory Y were created by Douglas McGregor. Theory X has 8 points that include: productive enterprise is under the control of management, with regards to people, this is an attempt to control their efforts, to motivate them, controlling their actions, and changing the way they act, and if this is not done, people will docile and resist the needs of the organization and the every day man does what he can to work as little as possible. Theory X also says the every day man is not ambitious, does not like responsibility, would rather follow than lead, is self-centered, does not like for things to change, is very gullible, and not very bright. Theory X represents the

Practically speaking, management is the act of getting people together to accomplish desired goals and objectives using available resources efficiently and effectively. There are several different resource types within management, such as:

On the other hand, here comes to the theory Y. On the contrary, it based on positive assumptions, and also more positive view of workers and the possibilities that create. For instance, they assumed that employees are ambitious, self-motivated and anxious to accept greater responsibility. Employees exercise self-control, self-direction, autonomy and empowerment, also exercise creativity and become forward looking. So, once the managers are adopted this theory, they believes that people want to do well at work, have a pool of unused creativity and that the satisfaction of doing a job

that employees remain motivated if they are rewarded to achieve goals of a company. And when they are

While projects can be similar in some instances, no two projects are ever the same. For this reason, management of projects requires the application of tools and techniques to meet the goals of the temporary endeavor. Project managers apply these tools and techniques to determine what is required for project delivery such as the list of activities to completed, the time required to complete the activities, resources needed and the various risks associated with the deliverable and efforts. A multitude of tools and techniques are employed by the project manager based on the need of the effort to organize, identify and communicate the various aspects of the project. While in contrast, the repetitive nature of operations activities

This paper includes an outline of a presentation, command terms and definitions, examples of graphs and a Work Breakdown Schedule (WBS) on project management, and presented to the class at Crescent View High School. The focus will be on how to plan, schedule, monitor, and report on projects. Also included are the project management methodologies, tools and techniques used. The discussion to the class will begin with an opening statement that provides an overview of project management, terms and definitions, and an example of buying a house utilizing project management to manage activities.

That is, if a higher-order need is frustrated, an individual then seeks to increase the satisfaction of a lower-order need. Content Theories of Motivation

The expectancy theory of motivation has become an increasingly popular model for predicting work performance and job preference. The empirical tests of this model have typically employed correlation analysis to

Theory X assumes employees are inherently lazy and will avoid work if they can and that they inherently dislike work. As a result of this, management believes that workers need to be