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Karl Marx (1818–1883)
Marx, Karl (märks). A famous German socialist; born at Trier, Prussia, May 5, 1818; died in London, March 14, 1883. He studied jurisprudence, philosophy, and history at Bonn and Berlin; edited the Journal of the Rhine, 1842–43; on its suppression went to Paris, but was expelled from there (1845), and took refuge at Brussels; founded the New Journal of the Rhine at Cologne (1848); expelled again from Prussia (1849), settled in London. He was the controlling spirit of the International, 1864–72. His great work was ‘Das Kapital’ (Capital: 1867; new ed. 1885). Vol. i., containing all the essential points of his theory, was translated into English (London, 1887). The entire work, issued under the editorship of Friedrich Engels, appeared in an English translation in 1893. Marx wrote extensively on economic and historical subjects. (See Critical and Biographical Introduction).