09. Consider the following model. Expenditure is given by: E=C+I+G The consumption function is specified as: C=c₁+cY We assume a closed macroeconomic system so that: Y=E Which is the correct representation of income as a function of autonomous expenditures and the marginal propensity to consume? a. b. C. Y= d. Y= Co+I+G 1-c I+G 1-c-c Y= (I+G). Y=I. 1-c 1
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- 1. Briefly define the following terms and explain the relationship 2. E between them: . Multiplier MPC ... Actual investment Planned investment Aggregate expenditure. Aggregate output ..... Real GDP .Aggregate income ... in CHAP habit. They have a rule that everyone saves exactly 25 percent of income. Assume that planned investment is fixed and remains at 75 billion Yuck dollars. You are asked by the business editor of the Weird Herald, the local newspaper, to predict the economic events of the next few months. By using the data given, can you make a forecast? What is likely to happen to inventories? What is likely to happen to the level of real GDP? Is the economy at an equilibrium? When will things stop changing? 7. Tn an effort to make sales projections, M/s K, B and A, the three B-school executives of Vengaboys Inc., were discussing about the national income and its growth in Ibiza. K had estimated a linear consumption function for Ibiza to be C = 100 + 0.6 Y, and investment to be I = 100 per ear. In Ibiza, there was no income tax and government spending was minimal (assume 0). Ibiza was a closed economy, and hence no exports and imports. (i)K immediately knew what the investment Multiplier was. Can you find out? (ii)What is the level of income in Ibiza? (iii)K estimated that with Government spending 100 on a new road to be constructed, the income levels are sure to go up. K quickly calculated the change in income and the new income level to be:Assume in a simple economy that thc level of saving is -500 when aggregate ourput equals zero and that the margina! propensity to save is 0.2. Derive the saving function and the consumption function, and draw a graph showing these func- tions. At what level of aggregate ouiput does the consumption curve cruss the 45° line? Explain your answer and show this un the graph.
- Assume that a nation's marginal propensity to consume (MPC) is 0.75. A highiy productive, cost-cutting technology is developed for the production of commercial airplanes. The total industry expenditure in this nation is $100 million for the immediate acquisition and adoption of this technology. (a) For this nation, identify and explain how much this spending on new technology will change each of the following in the first round: i. Income (GDP) L. Saving i. Consumption (b) Assuming a closed economy and no leakages, identify and explain how much this spending on new technology will change each of the following at the end of the final round: i. Income (GDP) ii. Saving li. Consumption. Suppose the United States economy is repre- sented by the following equations: Z = C + I + G, C = 500 + 0.75YD, T = 600, I = 300, YD = Y − T , G = 2000 Given the above variables, calculate the equilibrium level of output. assume that government spending decreases from 2000 to 1900. What is the new equilibrium level of output? How much does income change as a result of this event? What is the multiplier for this economy?Consider the following model. Expenditure is given by: E = C +1 + G. The consumption function is specified as: C = c0 +cY. We assume a closed macroeconomics system so that: Y=E. If the model parameters are configured such that I= 500, G=2000, c0=1000 and c=0.8, what will the level of consumption expenditure, C, be equal to? a. 4,375 b. 15,000 c. 14,000 Cd. 14,500
- Ts assume that in the model of national economy household consumption is C = 300 + 0.9*DI, companies' gross vestment is Ig = 200, but government expenses are G = 250, while the sum of taxes collected by the government iS -150. Taking into account that disposable income DI =Y-T, calculate: a) Equilibrium level of income Y; b) Calculate the value of Marginal propensity to consume and value of Marginal propensity to save; c) Private consumption at macroeconomic equilibrium%3; d) Develop equation of saving and calculate amount of saving at the point of equilibrium level of income.The following questions refer to this table: a.At each level of output, calculate saving. At each level of out-put, calculate unplanned investment (inventory change).What is likely to happen to aggregate output if the economyproduces at each of the levels indicated? What is the equilib-rium level of output?b.Over each range of income (2,000 to 2,500, 2,500 to 3,000, andso on), calculate the marginal propensity to consume. Calculatethe marginal propensity to save. What is the multiplier?c.By assuming there is no change in the level of the MPC andthe MPS and planned investment jumps by 200 and is sus-tained at that higher level, recompute the table. What is thenew equilibrium level of Y? Is this consistent with what youcompute using the multiplier?The following chart shows two separate consumption functions. Which of the following statements is true if the consumption function shifts from Cl to C27 C2 C1 Yd The marginal propensity to oonsume decreased and autonomous consumption incressed The marginal propensity to consume increased and autonomeous consumption increased The marginal propensity to conaume increased and autonomous consumption decreased The marginal propensity to coasume decreased and autonomous conumption decreased
- | Assume in country Y, the average marginal propensity to save is 0.2. When the aggregate income is zero, consum- ers spend 50 to consume. Derive the saving function and consumption function for this country. What happens to consumption when the propensity to save decreases to 0.1? Explain your answer and show this on the graph.. Suppose an economy is represented by the following equations.Consumption function C = 100 + 0.8YdPlanned investment I = 38Government spending G = 75Exports EX = 25Imports IM = 0.05YdAutonomous Taxes T = 40Planned aggregate expenditure AE = C + I + G + (EX - IM)a. By using the above information calculate the equilibrium level of income for thiseconomy. b. Calculate the value of expenditure multiplier. c. Suppose that government spending is increased by 5, what will happen to theequilibrium income level?Assume in a simple economy that the level of saving is –500 whenaggregate output equals zero and that the marginal propensity tosave is 0.2. Derive the saving function and the consumption func-tion, and draw a graph showing these functions. At what level ofaggregate output does the consumption curve cross the 45° line?Explain your answer and show this on the graph.