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- CH3COOH + 2H2 = C2H5OH + H2O %3D Acetate Ethanol Acetate may be hydrogenated to ethanol in industrial reaction systems using several catalysts: Select the most effective catalyst for this reaction system if the free energy of the reaction is -34 kJ/mol; Catalist effective at the temperature range 37-45°C, O Catalist effective at the temperature range 40-55°C, O Catalist effective at the temperature range 60-72°C,What is(are) the major Organic product(s) in the following reaction? CH; CH; H₂C-C-0-CBr; CBr; CH; H₂C-C-0-CH; CH; CB13 Br3C C 0-CH₂ HBr (SNI) HC CH; H₂C-C-0-H CH, (b) CH; CH; Br CH;Br CH₂OH H;C CH, H₂C C | CH; CH; C CH; (c) H CH + CH₂Br CH; 0—C—CH; -CH:OCH:Ch 20. Carboxylic Acids and Nitriles Preparation of carboxylic acid - Primary alcohol: to carboxylic acid by strong oxidation reagents such as CrO3 (Secondary alcohol: oxidized to ketone) - Carboxylation of Grignard Reagents (with CO₂) R-MgBr + O=C=O → RCO₂H Br 1. Mg, ether 2. CO₂ 3. H₂O* - Aromatic alkyl group oxidized into benzoic acid by KMnO4 Ph-R + KMnO4 → Ph-CO₂H KMnO4 Nitriles reactions - Acidic water oxidized nitriles into carboxylic acid R-CN → R-CO₂H CN H₂0* heat - LiAlH4 reduces nitrile into amine (R-CH₂NH₂)
- (a) • All hydrogen atoms are implied. • You do not have to consider stereochemistry. • Omit lone pairs and radical electrons from your answer. 3-ethyl-3-pentanol Draw the structure of the alkene that was used to prepare the alcohol in highest yield. -8) O GA + H₂C * Cat CH₂ ? ChemDoodle Which process does this employ? 01. Hg(OAc)2, H₂O; 2. NaBH4 01. BH3; 2. H₂O2, NaOH OOSO4, H₂O2 Y5. Given the following synthesis of ethyl 3-chloro-3-methylbutanoate, fill in the missing intermediates or reactants. CH;-CH-CH,-CH;-OH (b) (c) CH;-ÇH-CH-ċ-o-CH;-CH3 ČH, (d) CH;-C-CH,-C-0-CH2-CH3 ČHJQ# 20. Complete the table by providing the structural formulas of the organic product of the reactions described. (molecular formulas not acceptable). stant or Rt H'oataly H-OH a H;50. CH,CH CHCH,OH CH heat H' Catalyst CH;CH,CH,CH + CH,CH-CH,OH OH d 1. LIAIH, (excess) 2 H,O CrO; and H,O* CH,CH,CH,CH,CH,CH,CH,CH,CH a. d.
- Identify the major product of this reaction of an alkene. | ||| OH OH 1. Hg(OAc)2, H2O 2. NaBH4, NaOH || IV ㅊ OH OH) The reaction of hydroxide ion with chloromethane to yield methanol and chloride ion is an example of a general reaction type called a nucleophilic substitution reaction: HO¯ + CH;CI = CH;OH + CI¯ The value of AHº for the reaction is -75 kJ/mol, and the value of ASº is +54 J/ (K- mol). What is the value of AG° (in kJ/mol) at 298 K? Is the reaction exothermic or endothermic? Is it exergonic or endergonic?Draw the structure of the major organic product(s) of the reaction. CI N-CH3 ? CH3 • You do not have to consider stereochemistry. • Draw one structure per sketcher. Add additional sketchers using the drop-down menu in the bottom right corner. • Separate multiple products using the + sign from the drop-down menu. ·OO ChemDoodle (CH₂=CHCH₂)2CuLi ether, -78° C ▼ #[ ] در < Previous Ne
- Intramolecular H-bonding (IHB) are interactions that occur within one single molecule. IHB is also known as chelation, since it involves ring formation. Which of the following is (are) stabilized by IHB? * QH Çi OH -NO2 (a) Cl-Ç–Ç–H (b) či ÓH OH (с) CH, —С—СH—С—ОС,Н, CH,OH (d) | CH,OH D B AH,C. CH-CH,CH2-Br H3C NaNH, / NH3(1) CH;CH,-C=C-H • You do not have to consider stereochemistry. Separate multiple products using the + sign from the drop-down menu. • If no reaction occurs, draw the organic starting material.B. Following are structural formulas and heats of combustion of acetaldehyde and ethylene oxide. Which of these compounds is the more stable? Explain. | CH3-CH H,C-CH, Acetaldehyde -1164 kJ (-278.8 kcal)/mol Ethylene oxide -1264 kJ (-302.1 kcal)/mol