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- 1. Which in the list is/are indispensable in the cycling of materials? 2. Which in the list is/are not important in the cycling of materials? 3. Which item (s) in the list would be the cheapest yet the best source of nutritional needs in poor countries?Only get 10% of energy transfers from one level to the next. Where does the energy go??4.Describe the essential characteristics of the three energy systems.
- 2.What is the primary substrate used to provide energy at rest? During high-intensity exercise?4. An engine, whose efficiency is 15%, consumes 450 kJ. How much energy is dissipated in ? 5. Energy efficiency of muscles is about 25%. If you eat about 15,000 kJ per day,what portion of the energy consumed is used for the work of your muscles ?5. Popular «energy drinks are nonalcoholic carbonated beverages. Advertising emphasizes that they increase working capacity. Most beverages contain caffeine and its analogs, theobromine and theophylline (vegetable alkaloids), vitamins, easily digestible sugar (glucose, sucrose), taurine, carnitine. These drinks are highly carbonated, which accelerates their absorption into the blood. Why do energy drinks improve efficiency? For answer: a) draw a diagram of the glycogen metabolism pathway with its the acceleration possibly contributing to better efficiency; b) indicate the mode of caffeine action on the rate of this process, if it is known that it inhibits phosphodiesterase; c) explain why 3-4 hours after the taking of «cnergetics» fatigue and drowsiness occur,
- 5. What do you think would happen if the energy we get from a meal was released all at once? Your answer2. What and how are the metabolic fuels consumed during fed state? during fasted state? Answer should be not more than 50 words per box. FED STATE FASTED STATE What metabolic fuels are consumed? How are metabolic fuels consumed?4. Base your answer to the following question on the diagram below which represents some nutritional relationships between organisms in a given area and on y our knowledge of biology. GREEN PLANTS INSECTS B. COWS CHICKENS HUMANS In which pathway would most of the energy be available to human а. А b. В с. С d. D