Question 2 1. The resistance to motion R for a sphere of diameter d moving at constant velocity u through a compressible fluid is dependent on the density p and the bulk modulus K. The resistance is primarily due to the compression of the fluid in front of the sphere. Show that the dimensionless relationship between these quantities is given by: Ne=(Ma)
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- When a sphere falls freely through a homogeneous fluid, it reaches a terminal velocity at which the weight of the sphere is balanced by the buoyant force and the frictional resistance of the fluid. Make a dimensional analysis of this problem and indicate how experimental data for this problem could be correlated. Neglect compressibility effects and the influence of surface roughness.A student attempts at home to reproduce the experiment by Joule performed in the mid-nineteenth century. In the student's experiment, a weight takes 20 minutes to fall a distance, z, under gravity whilst pulling on a wire that turns a paddle emersed in a fluid inside an uninsulated copper container (see illustration). The temperature of the fluid is monitored by an accurate thermometer emersed in the fluid. A first temperature reading is taken just before the mass begins to fall and a second temperature reading is taken just after the mass has fallen a distance, z and come to rest. Falling mass rotates paddle. Fluid Rotating paddle Copper How many of the following statements are correct: al The work performed by the falling mass goes solely to raising the internal eneravMeasurements at a certain point of a pipe have been done where the following parameters were recorded: Fluid of density = 887 kg/m3, Fluid velocity = 4 m/s, Pressure= 11.3 KN/m2 If the total energy per unit weight at this point = 32 m, then the potential energy is:
- Measurements at a certain point of a pipe have been done where the following parameters were recorded: Fluid of density = 887 kg/m3, Fluid velocity = 4 m/s, Pressure= 11.3 KN/m2 If the total energy per unit weight at this point = 32 m, then the potential energy is: O Zero m 10 m 20 m 30 m &The conduction heat transfer in an extended surface, known as a fin, yields the following equation for the temperature T, if the temperature distribution is assumed to be one-dimensional in x, where x is the distance from the base of the fin, as shown in figure: To Fin >X T(x) h,T Heat Loss d²T_hp (T-T) = 0 dx² ΚΑ dT dx = 0 Here, p is the perimeter of the fin, being 2R for a cylindrical fin of radius R; A is the cross-sectional area, being R2 for a cylindrical fin; k is the At x = 0: T = T₁ dT At x=L: :0 dx thermal conductivity of the material; T is the ambient fluid temperature; and h in the convective heat transfer coefficient. The boundary conditions are as follows: where L is the length of the fin. Solve this equation to obtain 7(x) by using Euler's method for R=1cm, h= 20 W/m².K, k = 15 W/m-K, L = 25 cm, T₁ = 80°C, and T = 20°C.Wind tunnel test section km/h Model FD Moving belt Drag balance The aerodynamic drag of a new Volvo FH truck is to be predicted at a speed of 85 km/h at an air temperature of 25°C (p=1.184 kg/m³, u=1.849x10-5kg/m-s). Volvo engineers build a 1/2 scale model of the FH to test in a wind tunnel. The temperature of the wind tunnel is also 25°C. The drag force is measured with a drag balance, and the moving belt is used to simulate the moving ground. Determine how fast the engineers should run the wind tunnel to achieve similarity between the model and the prototype.
- 1:19 P N{ l 100% I A docs.google.com A block of mass m = 2 kg is attached to a spring with spring constant k = 200 N/m, and is set to oscillate on a friction-less horizontal surface. At time t = 0 its position is xO = 0 and its velocity is vo = +5 m/s. If the displacement is a cosine function, x(t)=A cos(wt+p), then which answer is correct about the oscillation amplitude A and the phase constant,p,: A = 0.25 m, and p = - T/2 A = 0.5 m, p = 0 A = 0.5 m, and p = r/2 A = 0.5 m, p = -T/2 A = 0.25 m, and p = t/2 Other: A body oscillates with simple harmonic frictionless motion along the x-axis. Its displacement varies ith time according to x(t)=0.5 cos(Tt). The ues of the velocity (in m/s) and acceleration (in m/s^2) of the 8 IISurface tension is due to uneven molecular attraction between immiscible fluid media and solid surface. Its importance is governed by dimensionless parameter Which of the Inertia force called Weber number given by We = Surface tension force™ following statements are correct? (i) Surface tension becomes important when the length scale L is small such as in ink jet printing, coating of thin film, oxygenation of water by falling rain drops. (ii) 111 Super-hydrophobicity can be achieved by micro/nano texturing of surface such as in lotus leave, butterfly and dragonfly wing. During oil spill in ocean, oil floats and spreads out due to gravity. By conservation of mass, the oil film becomes thinner as it spreads. Finally, the surface tension force becomes important causing the formation of tiny oil droplets. (A) (B) (C) (D) (i) and (ii) (i) and (iii) (ii) and (iii) All of the aboveWhat is the volume of 92.4 grams of chlorine gas that is at a temperature of 46° C and a pressure of 694 mmHg? (Chlorine, R = 62.4 L- mm Hg/mole K and MW = 70.906 g/ mol) Computation: Show your Solution A lump of ice falls from an airplane as it comes into land. If the ice hits the ground with a vertical speed of 85m/s, what was the height of the plane when the ice fell off? (Assume that friction can be ignored.)
- Problem 5 19 The Weber number is a dimensionless parameter relating inertial and surface tension forces in a fluid flow. Consider a droplet of water where the Weber number is defined as: Calculate the Weber number We. pV?d We = Type your answer.. The following parameter values are measured and determined with 95% confidence: p = 1.000 + 0.008 cm3 V = 5.0 + 0.1 d = 1.000 + 0.025 mm (milimeters) m 20 o = 0.072 + 3% Calculate the absolute uncertainty in the Weber number Uwe Type your answer...2. In class, we derived an expression for hR/RT for a gas that obeyed the Pressure Explicit Virial Expansion truncated after the third term. In class, we assumed that B and C were not functions of temperature. a. Please rework the derivation with B = B(T) and C = 0. b. Please continue the derivation under the assumption that B(T) = mT + b. Where m and b are the slope and y-intercept of a straight, respectively. %3DThe Reynolds number is a dimensionless group defined for a fluid flowing in a pipe as Re = Duplu where Dis pipe diameter, u is fluid velocity, p is fluid density, and u is fluid viscosity. When the value of the Reynolds number is less than about 2100, the flow is laminarthat is, the fluid flows in smooth streamlines. For Reynolds numbers above 2100, the flow is turbulent, characterized by a great deal of agitation. Liquid methyl ethylketone (MEK) flows through a pipe with an inner diameter of 2.067 inches at an average velocity of 0.48 ft/s. At the fluid temperature of 20°C the density of liquid MEK is 0.805 g/cm? and the viscosity is 0.43 centipoise [1 cP = 1.00 x 10-³ kg/(m-s)]. Without using a calculator, determine whether the flow is laminar or turbulent. Show your calculations.