Concept explainers
DRAW IT Diagram each of the following flagellar arrangements:
a. lophotrichous
b. monotrichous
c. peritrichous
d. polar
e. amphitrichous
To review:
The bacteria flagella arrangements.
Introduction:
Flagella are present both in prokaryotes and eukaryotes and they facilitate cell motility. It is a whip-like, hollow, cylindrical structure that contains the protein called flagellin. The arrangement of flagella is different in different species. It consists of three different parts, namely filament, hook, and basal body. Flagella eukaryotes derive energy from ATP, whereas flagella in prokaryotes derive energy from proton motive force.
Explanation of Solution
Pictorial representation:
Based on the flagella arrangements, the organisms are classified into different types.
- Lophotrichous: Two or more flagella at one end of the cell.
- Monotrichous: Single flagellum present at one end of the cell.
- Peritrichous: More number of flagella present on the entire surface of the cell.
- Polar: Flagella are present at each pole of the bacterial cell.
- Amphitrichous: A bunch of flagella present at both ends of the bacterial cell.
The flagella present on the cells are useful for locomotion and attachment. It contains filamentous protein which helps to propel a cell through liquid. The flagella also act as sensory organelle and aid in detecting changes in the temperature and pH.
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Chapter 4 Solutions
Microbiology: An Introduction
- Match the following questions about Eukaryotic microorganisms to the "BEST" possible answer... A. Spore forming which often make unseptate hyphae B. Spore forming which often make septate hyphae and reproduce sexually C. Lack mitochondria and flagella but form cysts and possess mitosomes D. Spore forming and possess mitochondria as well as flagella E. Spore forming which often make septate hyphae and reproduce asexually F. Intercellular and intracellular organisms with common clamp connections G. Intercellular organisms with rare clamp connections H. Cyst forming and possess mitochondria as well as flagella I. Spore forming which often make unseptate mycelium J. Lack mitochondria and flagella but form spores and possess mitosomes 1. Microsporidia 2. Chytridiomycota 3. Zygomycota or Mucorales 4. Glomeromycota 5. Ascomycota 6. Basidiomycota 7. Pucciniales or Uredinales 8. Ustilaginomycetes 9. Giardia intestinalis 10. Dinoflagellatearrow_forwardShort, hairlike structures covering the surface of the cell used only by eukaryotic cells for movement are called O 1) pseudopodia. O 2) fimbriae. O 3) cilia. O 4) pili. O 5) flagella.arrow_forwardLabel the cell wall, chloroplast, and pyrenoid of the Spirogyra. Notice the series of cells making up the filament. Is the filament branched or unbranched? What is the shape of the individual cells that make up the filament?arrow_forward
- Which statement about flagella is false? Question 9 options: a) Eukaryotic flagella are made of a protein called tubulin. b) Eukaryotic flagella move in a wavelike motion. c) Prokaryotic flagella rotate. d) Prokaryotic flagella are composed of a protein called flagellin. e) Prokaryotic flagella can transfer DNA between cells. f) None of the above statements is false.arrow_forwardWhich of the following is NOT a true statement about bacterial structure and function? A. Bacteria can have membrane-enclosed organelles such as mitochondria or chloroplasts B. Bacteria have a single circular chromosome made of double-stranded DNA C. Bacterial cell walls are made of a substance called peptidoglycan D. Bacterial flagella rotate to propel the cell E. Some bacteria have a capsule surrounding the cell, made of a sticky polysaccharide or proteinarrow_forwardDifferences between Entamoeba histolytica and Entamoeba coli in terms of: a. Chromatoidal mass b. Description of pseudopode and motility c. Number of nuclein in the mature cyst stage d. Location of the karyosomearrow_forward
- Use this diagram of a Chlamydomonas cell for the following question, 00 OD. N and M O E. CY and M O F. CY and CL O G. CY only OH. No CY CL is chloroplast, CY is cytoplasm, M is mitochondrion, N is nucleus. Which of the following locations would be the site of translation of genes involved in the process of cellular respiration? O A CL, CY, M and N OB. CL. M and N O C. CL and Marrow_forwardWhich of the following does not possess cilia or flagella? a.)Amoeba b.)Paramecium c.)Trypanosoma d.)Mastigamoebaarrow_forwardUse this diagram of a Chlamydomonas cell for the following question. M. CY CL is chloroplast, CY is cytoplasm, M is mitochondrion, N is nucleus. Which of the following locations would be the site of translation of genes involved in the process of cellular respiration? 00arrow_forward
- Identify Three subtypes of polar arrangement where the flagella are attached at one or both ends of the cell.arrow_forwardMention one significant function of rhizoids.arrow_forwardMatch the following questions about Eukaryotic microorganisms to the "BEST" pos A. Lack mitochondria and flagella but form spores and possess mitosomes B. Intercellular organisms with rare clamp connections C. Spore forming which often make unseptate hyphae D. Lack mitochondria and flagella but form cysts and possess mitosomes E. Spore forming which often make unseptate mycelium F. Spore forming which often make septate hyphae and reproduce asexually G. Spore forming and possess mitochondria as well as flagella H. Cyst forming and possess mitochondria as well as flagella 1. Intercellular and intracellular organisms with common clamp connections J. Spore forming which often make septate hyphae and reproduce sexually select 1. Microsporidia select 2. Chytridiomycota select ▾ 3. Zygomycota or Mucorales select 4. Glomeromycota select 5. Ascomycota select 6. Basidiomycota select 7. Pucciniales or Uredinales. select 8. Ustilaginomycetes select 9. Giardia intestinalis select 10.…arrow_forward
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