What Is Fracture Healing Of Bones?

| - osteoblasts begin to replace the fibrocartilage splint with spongy and compact bone, forming a bulge that is initially wider than the original bony shaft

5. Most connective tissue, including bone, is highly vascular. Which anatomical structures in Mrs. Morgan’s compact bone house blood vessels? What sign or symptom in Mrs. Morgan’s case is directly related to disruption of these structures by her bone fractures? How is the sign or symptom related to these anatomical structures?

Formation of hematoma When any bone breaks it begins to bleed causing a massive formation of a blood clot known as hematoma. Blood capillaries come in the clot and fibroblasts, macrophages, osteoclasts, and osteogenic cells begin to invade the tissue of the fracture. Then granulation tissue fills in the injury. During this stage inflammation occurs, redness and swelling is visible.

i. When discussing osteoporosis, the bones that automatically come to mind are the wrist, spine, and hip. Certain parts of the vertebral column are also common osteoporotic bones. In the vertebral column, the upper lumbar, lower thoracic, and cervical vertebrae are usually the bones that end up becoming osteoporotic.

If an open wound occurs at the site of the fracture that is an open fracture. Sometimes the fractured bone sticks out of the wound. This creates a big risk of infection in the bone.

Bone is a living tissue and made up of cartilage. Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva bone appears as normal bone tissue, but it develops in the wrong places. Osteogenesis and ossification are medical terms which refer to the formation of bone. Most bones in the human body grow and heal up after a break through endochondral bone formation, which is how FOP bones grow. Cartilage forms first and then the bone will eventually take the place of cartilage.

Fractures are divided into two types depending on whether or not they break through your skin.

A fracture is a broken bone. Some of the most common causes of fractures are car accidents, falls, and sports-related inuries. There are several options for treating a fracture. Open fracture treatment is when the fracture site is surgically opened or exposed. This can be with or without manipulation and with or without skeletal traction. One type of open fracture treatment is internal fixation with a fixation device. In this type of treatment the doctor repositions or "reduces" the pieces of broken bone into normal alignment. Then screws and/or metal plates are used to connect the broken bone. It may also be necessary for the doctor to insert rods through the center of the bone. Another type of treatment is open fracture treatment. With closed fracture treatment, the fracture site is not surgically opened or removed. The different methods for closed fracture treatment. These include casting, traction, and an external fixation device. Casting is used to stabilize a broken bone and keep broken bone pieces from moving during healing. The cast is usually made from fiberglass or plaster. Traction can be used stabalize the injured area. With traction the muscles and tendons around the bone are stretched. The traction is controlled by a pulley and weights system in a metal frame above the bed. In exteranal fixation

Fractures are healed by putting the bone pieces back where they belong so they can knit themselves back together. Most of the time, a stable fracture can be assisted with a cast to immobilize the area. Other times, the bones will need some help being realigned through a process called traction, where the pieces of bone are pulled back into place. In more complicated situations, surgery may be necessary to hold the pieces of bone in place with

Nicole a 14 yr old sustained a fracture that was a compound, tibial-fibular fracture just below the knee. The x-ray showed there was a meniscal tear above the knee where the fracture was. Nicole stayed in the hospital for 14 days due to infection where the bone was through the skin. Once the infection subsided she was put into a cast. She was put in the cast for three month which then she was able to bear weight on her leg. Her leg healed but her tear in her meniscus did not heal, she had water in her knee. It is still torn after 6 months from her injury.

The bone tissue in osteoblasts is constantly being reshaped which form new bone when the previous bone has been fractured, making the new bone much stronger and harder to break. They are found in the bone marrow are known as structural cells. They work in a team to build new bone and produce new bone called ‘osteoid’ which is made up of bone college and other proteins. They have the power to control the levels of calcium and mineral deposition. When they are done filling in a cavity, the cells become flat and line the surface of the bone and then are called ‘lining cells’. They respond to hormones by making special proteins that activate the osteoclasts. Once they have secreted the matric they become less reactive and maintain the matrix. When the area surrounding an osteoblast hardens, the osteoblast becomes trapped and transforms into an osteocyte which is the mature type of bone

The structural unit in compact bone is called the Haversian system and is organized as parallel columns, which run lengthwise down the axis of long bones. The Haversian system consists of the Haversian canal (central canal), a layer of lamellae (bone matrix), tiny spaces (lacunae) between the lamellae, osteocytes (bone cells) within the lacunae and canaliculi (small channels). Trabeculae are plates in spongy bone that branch and connect with one and another. The process of forming a new HAVERSIAN system and new Trabeculae begin with a process called remodeling, this is a process in which an existing bone is reabsorbed a new bone is laid down to replace it there several phases that occur to reach this. Phase one is Activation:

The Osteoblast is one of the four bone cells found inside the human body. They create bones. An Osteoblast creates the new layer of bone. The another type is called an Osteocyte. An Osteocyte can be formed from an Osteoblast while new bone is in process of creation. They get surrounded after formation. They don’t get completely barricaded because of they send out very long windy branches which connect to other Osteocytes. They can sense cracks and pressures to help direct or send Osteoclasts to dissolve the bone. Osteoclasts are large cells that dissolve the bone. They are formed when two bone cells fuse together. They come from the bone marrow. They usually have more than one nucleus when they form together. They are found on the surface

Unlike engineering material, healthy bone can maintain its reliability by restoring the micro damage and remodeling itself. Bone remodeling follows two steps handled by the cells named osteoclast and osteoblast. Osteoclasts which digests the bone at a molecular level are responsible for the bone resorption. On the other hand, new bone is formed by a group of osteoblasts cell by cell. This process results bone to preserve itself and adjust to the person’s daily activity. Although bone maintains itself, the material property is changing with the remodeling process resulting bone to gain its unique heterogeneous material distribution. Furthermore, the remodeling process, not only involve with material properties, but architecture, besides. This transformation of bone occurs as a response to altered loading conditions. The transformation can be seen in osteon density, porosity, average osteonal area etc.

He initially determined the cellular sequence of bone remodelling as endothelial cells, intermediate cells, osteoblasts, osteocytes and osteoclast and that the capillary-sinusoid vessel acts as the initial framework on which this process rests. This study showed that the endothelium of the capillary system houses the cells responsible for bone formation.