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- Identify the type of lipid in each compound. Glycerophospholipids are a class of phospholipids. ва C19H39 COOH CH₂(CH₂)28CH3 НННННННН Н ......... с-с-с-с-с-С-С-С-С-С-Н III НННН Н Н Н Н Н НННН НННН Н II I L I I 1 TU с-с-с-с-с-с-с-с-С-С-Н FIT III ННН H НННН Н НННН Н Н LI I I . С-С-С-С-С-С-С O ННННН HO Н3С(СН2)15 :-0 H-C-O H-C-0 H d wax fatty acid triacylglyceride steroid prostaglandin phospholipid Н Н -0- HO .COOH -CH₂Identify the structures shown as glycerophospholipids or sphingolipids.The following is a block diagram for a glycerophospholipid where the building blocks are labeled with letters and the linkages between building blocks are labeled with numbers. ____________ 5. Which building blocks are glycerol residues? ____________ 6. Which building blocks are phosphate residues? ____________ 7. Which linkages involve an alcohol residue? ____________ 8. Which linkages involve both glycerol and fatty acid residues?
- Match lipid descriptions in column A with the phospholipid types in column B. H is attached to the phosphate group bound to C3 of glycerol backbone An amino acid is attached to the phosphate group bound to C3 of glycerol backbone A primary ammonium ion is found in its structure A quaternary ammonium ion is found in its structure A. phosphatidylethanolamine B. glycerophospholipid C. phosphatidylcholine D. phosphatidylserine2. (a) The diagram below shows the structure of a lipid. i. Which type of lipid does this structure belong to? ii. Give one example of molecule made up of this type of lipid. iii. Describe the distinct roles of this type of lipid on membrane at different temperatures. Keep your answer brief. (b) The figure illustrates the structure of a lipid. CH2-O- CH-O- CH2 i. Regarding the types of fatty acids, what is the name of this type of lipid? Give the full name, not abbreviation. ii. After hydrolysis, the fatty acid chain indicated by an arrow is released. Name this fatty acid in n-system and delta (A) designation. ii. How can the fatty acid release energy in the cells?a. What characteristic of phospholipids makes them essentialcomponents of cell membranes?b. How are saturated and unsaturated fatty acids different?c. Why is the hydrophilic end of phospholipids attracted to water?
- Define the three most common types of membrane lipids1. Theoretically, a protein could assume a virtually infinite number of configurations and conformations. Suggestseveral features of proteins that drastically limit the actual number. 2. What are the greatest structural features that differentiate sphingolipids from phosphoglycerides? 3. High levels of glucose-6-phosphate inhibit glycolysis. If the concentration of glucose-6-phosphate decreases,activity is restored. Why?(a). Phospholipids are amphipathic molecules which have hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions. Explain how this feature benefits the cell. (Give ONE reason) (2) (b). Give ONE difference between a saturated phospholipid and an unsaturated phospholipid. (2)
- 1. Draw the structures of triacylglycerol, cholesterol, phosphatidylcholine, and sphingomyelin. 2. Identify the polar/charged groups and draw how water will orient itself around these groups. 3. Order these lipids from most hydrophobic to most hydrophilic. 4. Predict how the lipids will migrate on the TLC plate when the running buffer is an organic solvent. Keep in mind that although the lipid standards are dissolved in organic solvent, they can (by virtue of their polar/charged groups) interact with the polar silica matrix of the TLC plates.Name two glycerophospholipids found in eukaryotic cell membranes and two sphingolipids. What fraction of the lipid in most plasma membranes is cholesterol, and how does cholesterol content affect membrane fluidity? Note: be precise and go straight to the point. Adress what the question is asking you. I don't expect more than 5 sentences for an answer. I have experience with numerous tutors in the past with repect to the lenght of one response.Phospholipids undergo saponification much like triglycerides. Draw the structure of a phospholipid meeting the followingcriteria. Then draw the products that would result from its saponification.(a) a cephalin containing stearic acid and oleic acid (b) a lecithin containing palmitic acid