Alice's computer Bob's computer Alice's Bob's public key, K Bob's Alice's private key, KA private key, public key, m Ki (m) Kg(m, K (m) KĀ (m)
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Q4
Authentication is very important in ecommerce system. The above model is a method to authenticate the two entities participating in the ecommerce transaction system. Explain he procedure how authentication is performed using given model?
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- Lab 02: Splitting a URL into pieces URLS are composed of five pieces: The scheme, also known as the protocol The authority (may further be divided into the user info, the host, and the port) The path The fragment identifier, also known as the section or ref The query string Read-only access to these parts of a URL is provided by nine public methods: getFile(), getHost(), getPort(), getProtocol(), getRef(), getQuery(), getPath(), getUserinfo(), and getAuthority(). Write a Java program which uses these methods to split URLS entered on the command line into their component parts.What is the difference between a private key and a public key?Task 1: Explain how prime numbers are important by evaluating an example based on the RSA algorithm. A. Generate a public/private key pair by (i) First, choosing the two primes, p and q, so that • p = 17, and q is the single digit prime that is closest to the last digit of your national identity number. Second, choosing the value of e to be greater than 5. Third, find the multiplicative inverse d of e showing all the steps and calculations. B. Encrypt a message M = 8, then decrypt the ciphertext to retrieve the original message. Note: You will use the MATLAB code named 'RSA_Spring2023' to finish this task. (iii)
- Toy encryption scheme. It encrypts plaintexts that consist of only uppercase letters and the underscore character (27 characters total): ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ_ Note that the underscore character is part of the alphabet and will also be encrypted. A key in this scheme consists of 4 digits, each from 0 to 9. Each digit tells how much to shift one character, that is, change it to the character that many positions later in the alphabet. If the shift goes past '_', then we wrap around to the beginning. The key is applied separately to each group of 4 letters in the message. For example, if the message HI_SALLY is encrypted with the key 2407, the H would be shifted by 2, the I by 4, the underscore by 0, and the S by 7. Then we would start over with the first digit of the key, shifting A by 2, L by 4, and so on. So the ciphertext would be: JM_ZCPLE. Give the encryption of the following messages with the key 2641. a. SELL_GME b. FRANZ_IS_MOLE c. DEPLOY_ALL_DIVISIONSIn the case of public key encryption, if you use both the signature and encryption features, which key will you use for encryption and which for signing?Lab Assignment 2: Playfair Cipher Overview: You are required to use the Playfair cipher to encrypt the message: "Butch." You will do the encryption by hand. The key for encryption is “Govern." You will need to show your work for the encryption process. Your submission should be a typed text file
- Bitcoin script: Alice is on a kayaking trip and is worried that her phone (which contains her private key) might fall overboard. She would like to store her bitcoins in such a way that they can be spent with knowledge of a password. Accordingly, she stores them in the following ScriptPubKey address: OP_SHA1 <0x13818a5684a7ed4dce8433c3f57e13b589b88852> OP_EQUALVERIFY Write a ScriptSig script that will successfully redeem this transaction. [Hint: it should only be one line long.] Explain why this is not a secure way to protect bitcoins using a password. c. Would implementing this using pay-to-script-hash (P2SH) fix the security issue(s) you identified? Why or why not?Insecure Cryptographic Storage Challenge 3 The result key to this level is the same as the encryption key used in the following sub application. Break the cipher and recover the encryption key! The result key is in all capital letters and is in English. Cipher text to decrypt: Decrypt Cipher text Example Try to decrypt this: IAAAAEkQBhEVBwpDHAFJGhYHSBYEGgocAw==Alice wants to generate her own set of RSA keys using the prime numbers p=7 and q=11. Which of the following is a permissible value for the number e for her to form her private key (n,e)? a. 7 b. 79 c. 45 d. 80
- Q1: Secret Messages Implement a Caesar cipher to encrypt messages.Question # 3 Assume that Dominique and Pricilla agreed to use an auto key cipher with initial keyvalue k1 = 11. Now Dominique wants to send Pricilla the following message“THE CLASS IS CANCELLED”. Encrypt the message before transmitting it over the Internet Remember: i need a Mathematics solution not computer program You must show all the steps of your workData Encryption Standard Perform a Data Encryption Standard encryption on the plaintext (PL) by using key (K). The PL is your first 8 characters of your name and K is the last 8 digits of your student ID. For example: Name: Siti Fajar Plain text (PL): SITIFAJA Student ID: 201908040016 Key (K): 08040016 Show detail step by step involved.