Considering that regulation most often occurs at irreversible steps in a biochemical pathway, which of the following pairs of enzymes are inhibited by both ATP and NADH?
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- The Effect of lodoacetic Acid on the Glyceraldehyde-3-P Dehydrogenase Reaction (Integrates with Chapters 4 and 14.) How might iodoacetic acid affect the glyceraldehydes-3-phosphate dehydrogenase reaction in glycolysis? Justify your answer.Ethanol as a Source of Metabolic Energy (Integrates with Chapters 19 and 20.) Acetate produced in ethanol metabolism can be transformed into acetyl-COA by the acetyl thiokinase reaction: Acetate+ATP+CoASHacetyleCoA+AMP+PPiAcetyle-CoA then can enter the citric acid cycle and undergo oxidation to 2 CO2by this route, assuming oxidative phosphorylation is part of the process? (Assume all reactions prior to acetyl-CoA entering the citric acid cycle occur outside the mitochondrion). Per carbon atom, which is a better metabolic fuel, ethanol or glucose? That is, how many ATP equivalents per carbon atom are generated by combustion of glucose versus ethanol to CO2?Asap
- Which reaction below in the glycolytic pathway has a highly unfavorable delta Gº' but a favorable delta G under physiological conditions? 1,3-Bisphosphoglycerate + ADP3-Phosphoglycerate + ATP O2-phosphoglyerate → phosphoenolpyruvate Ofructose-1,6-bisphosphate dihydroxyacetone phosphate + glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate Ofructose-6-phosphate → fructose-1,6-bisphosphateWhat is the function of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase? catalyzes the transfer of a phosphoryl group from ATP to an acceptor oxidation of the alcohol to an aldehyde dehydration and dephosphorylation of GAP hydrolysis of GAP oxidation by NAD+ and formation of acyl-phosphateWhich citric acid cycle enzyme utilizes a similar reaction mechanism to pyruvate dehydrogenase? O Malate dehydrogenase Isocitrate dehydrogenase O Alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase Succinate dehydrogenase
- This is the ATP accounting question. You are limited to the carbon in the following molecules: One xylulose 5-phosphate, One glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate, One sedoheptulose 7-phosphate, 1 Oxaloacetate, and 3 carbon dioxide A) Disregard regulation completely regarding pathway activity, using only the enzymes of glycolysis, pentose phosphate pathway, and citric acid cycle, what is the maximum ATP one can generate with these molecules? B) Disregard regulation completely regarding pathway activity, using only the enzymes of glycolysis, Calvin- Benson-Bassham cycle, and citric acid cycle, what is the maximum ATP one can generate with these molecules (in this instance only, you also are given 3 ATP and note that you do NOT need to regenerate substrates for rubisco once you get through this enzyme).Which of the following is true about comparing the α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex and the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex? Group of answer choices They catalyze reactions that produce the exact same set of products They are both dehydrogenase complexes, but have very different structures They both catalyze reactions that oxidize NADH to NAD+ They both use the same E3 enzyme component Which of the following best describes stage 2 of the citric acid cycle? Group of answer choices ATP production by the electron transport chain production of acetyl CoA regeneration of oxaloacetate release of 2 carbons as carbon dioxideWhich of the following statements inaccurately describes glutamate dehydrogenase? Glutamate dehydrogenase uses either NAD+ or NADP+ in a redox reaction Glutamate dehydrogenase catalyzes an oxidative deamination reaction Glutamate dehydrogenase equilibrium lies with the reductive amination of glutamate Glutamate dehydrogenase utilizes hydrolysis to release ammonium from an imine intermediate
- Compare and contrast Pyruvate Dehydrogenase with a-ketoglutarate dehydrogenaseOutline the mechanisms of both enzymes. Discuss the functions of the coenzymes. List the similarities and the differences between the 2 enzymes. Both are very large membrane bound complexes. What are the advantages of this strategy?How detailed is the enzyme structure known below(It's Pyruvate Dehydrogenase )? What insight(s) does this structural detail give you about the enzyme mechanism.The glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate-deshydrogenase glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate in 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate. catalyses the catalyses -CH₂ -CHOH—CHO + Pi + NAD* the oxidation of CH₂ CHOH-COQ + H* + NADH When the enzyme is incubated with iodoacetate, it is observed that glyceraldehyde-3- phosphate still binds to the modified enzyme, but it is not oxidized. What conclusion can be drawn from this experiment? Data: iodoacetate ICH₂COO is an alkylating reagent that react with free sulfhydryl groups (-SH) to form (-S-CH₂COO).Page > of 6 ZOOM + TCA cycle, oxidative phosphorylation, metabolic regulation TCA cycle (Ch. 16) 1. The citric acid cycle has eight enzymes: citrate synthase, aconitase, isocitrate dehydrogenase, a-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase, succinyl-CoA synthetase, succinate dehydrogenase, fumarase, and malate dehydrogenase. (a) Write a balanced equation for the reaction catalyzed by each enzyme. (b) Name the cofactor(s) required by each enzyme reaction. (c) For each enzyme determine which of the following describes the type of reaction(s) catalyzed: condensation (carbon–carbon bond formation); dehydration (loss of water); hydration (addition of water); decarboxylation (loss of CO2); oxidation-reduction; substrate-level phosphorylation; isomerization. (d) Write a balanced net equation for the catabolism of acetyl-CoA to CO2.