Q: Explain how sodium imbalances affect cardiac function.
A: Electrolytes are chemical substances that help to conduct electricity when dissolved in body fluids.…
Q: treatment of inbalance in potassium hyper conditions
A: Changes in potassium intake changed excretion, or transcellular shifts induce hypokalemia and…
Q: What are the mechanisms by which sodium depletion causes an increase in renin secretion?
A: The cells are the primary unit of life. The cells form the tissues which collectively form an organ.…
Q: Describe how the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, antidiuretic hormone, and atrial natriuretic…
A: RAAS system or renin-angiotensin system is a system that regulates fluid and blood pressure. When…
Q: List the factors that obstruct Urinary flow?
A: The process by which the metabolic waste products are totally or partially eliminated from the body…
Q: Describe Renal Regulation of Calcium and Phosphate Ions?
A: Phosphate is a charged particle (ion) that contains the mineral phosphorus. The body needs…
Q: Explain Reabsorption by Mediated Transport?
A: Plants contain two different types of “Transport tissue”. They are named Xylem and Phloem. The…
Q: Explain anti-diuretic hormone.
A: A chemical substance that is secreted in an organ and carried by the blood to various tissues of the…
Q: xplain the mechanism of bicarbonate reabsorption
A: Kidneys are two bean-shaped organs located right below the rib cage, one on each side of the spine,…
Q: explain the role of ADH in water reabsorption?
A: Hormones are chemical messengers and help in the growth and development of organisms. The different…
Q: What role does urea have in tubular reabsorption?
A: Tubular reabsorption is the movement of substances from filtrate into the blood. Substances are…
Q: Explain the Summary of the renin-angiotensin system and the stimulation of aldosterone secretion by…
A: The Renin-Angiotensin system is as system which is used to maintaining the blood volume and systemic…
Q: What is the net result of the renal response to acidosis?
A: Metabolic acidosis is a common clinical condition that is characterized by reduced blood pH and…
Q: List the factors that control renal Na1 and water excretion in response to severe sweating?
A: Ultrafiltration, selective absorption, and reabsorption for nutrients and ions and water during the…
Q: Describe the process of pressure natriuresis?
A: BASIC INFORMATION KIDNEY It is a paired organ present in our body. It helps the body to get rid of…
Q: Compare the mechanisms and the effects of loop diuretics, thiazide diuretics, ACE inhibitors, and…
A: Loop diuretics are a type of diuretic that works by blocking the sodium-potassium-chloride…
Q: List the different types of diuretics and briefly summarize theirmechanisms of action?
A: A drug is a chemical substance that is used to treat any pathogenic, physiological or psychological…
Q: Explain the relationship between blood uric acid levels and hypertension.
A: Hypertension is one of most common form of cardiovascular diseases. The ubiquity of hypertension…
Q: Define reabsorption.
A: The kidney is the central organ of the "excretory system". A nephron is the structural and…
Q: Define the term pressure natriuresis?
A: Natriuresis and diuresis occur with a reduction of pressure following intravenous infusion of ANP in…
Q: How does hyperaldosteronism (excessive aldosterone secretion) cause edema?
A: Hormones are your body's synthetic couriers. They head out in your circulatory system to tissues or…
Q: ist signs and symptoms of imbalance in potassium hypo conditions
A: An anomaly in the concentration of electrolytes in the body is known as electrolyte imbalance or…
Q: Explain Renal Water Regulation?
A: Introduction: Sodium quantities in humans are partially maintained by a hormone known as…
Q: Explain why GFR cannot be determined by measuring theamount of NaCl in the urine.
A: Glomerular filtration rate or GFR can be defined as the amount of blood that passes through the…
Q: list three or more causes of imbalance of potassium electrolyte hyper conditions
A: The function of potassium is for muscle contractions, heart function and transmission of nerves. Few…
Q: During a heavy physical workout, will the body need to reabsorb ions or not and explain why
A: Yes. During a heavy physical workout,the body need to reabsorb ions . Body fluids consist of…
Q: Explain the effect of renin on filtration.
A: The kidney is an important organ of the excretory system, and the nephron is the basic structural…
Q: igns and symptoms of imbalance in potassium hyper conditions.
A: As we know Potassium is an intracellular cation. The normal concentration of potassium in the plasma…
Q: What do you mean by drug development of diuretic drugs? Briefly explain at your own words
A: Diuretics are drugs that act mainly on the kidney to increase urine flow. The main purpose of these…
Q: Give the factors affecting the volume of urine in normal physiological condition. How does each…
A: There are 3 major steps in urine formation; filtration, reabsorption, and secretion. During…
Q: Describe possible causes and consequences of dehydration and of hypotonic hydration.
A: In humans, dehydration is when the body has lost more fluids than that which is taken in. Lack of…
Q: High serum uric acid levels are linked to _____________,_____________, _____________, _____________,…
A: The breakdown of purines forms the uric acid which is removed by the kidneys as a waste byproduct.…
Q: Briefly discuss the drug development of diuretic drugs? Discuss at your own words
A: Diuretic - Water retention is reduced in the body and increases the outflow of urine. They are used…
Q: Explain the relationship between fluid and electrolyte balance and chronic kidney disease.
A: The kidneys help to maintain electrolyte concentrations by filtering electrolytes and water from the…
Q: list signs and symptoms of imbalance in potassium hyper conditions
A: Potassium is an intracellular cation. The normal concentration of potassium in the plasma is 3.5 to…
Q: How do diuretics work to reduce excess fluid in the body? Describe the mechanisms of action for…
A: Diuretics (water pills) are medications used to lower blood pressure in patients with hypertension.…
Q: What are the situations, effects on plasma osmolarity, clinical outcome and how it can be restored…
A: OSMOLARITY depends upon various parameters such as changes in the water content of the cell,…
Q: Can Potassium abnormalities also lead to acid-base disturbances through the renal system? Explain…
A: There are important interactions between potassium and acid-base balance that involve both…
Q: Why do people with hypertension keep a low-salt (low- sodium) diet? Explain further.
A: The force produced by circulating blood on the walls of the body's arteries, or major blood vessels,…
Q: Which of the following can trigger osmoregulatory adjustment via the atrial natriuretic peptide…
A: Osmoregulation is the process of maintaining salt and water balance (osmotic balance) across…
Q: What are the physiological implications of excreting waste nitrogen in the form of urate, urea, or…
A: Nitrogenous waste is excreted in different forms with the help of different species. This will…
Q: Indicate the hormone that is NOT regulating urine production. A. Aldosterone B. Erythropoietin C.…
A: Hormones are produced from the endocrine glands. It is usually the biological enzymes that helps in…
Q: Please explain why fluid intake can decrease urine specific density
A: Urine-specific gravity is a measure of urine concentration that is affected by several factors. It…
Q: Describe “third-spacing” and what effect it has on fluid balance in the ECF, ISF, and ICF
A: Third spacing takes place when the excessive fluid passes from blood vessels to the interstitial…
Define the term potassium-sparing diuretics?
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- What are the major routes in drug administration and significance of renal excretion (include equations and graphs if possible: thank you!)Describe the role of aldosterone in regulating sodium and potassium balance.Describe the roles of antidiuretic hormone and aldosterone in the regulation of fluid excretion ANSWER SHOULD INCLUDE: what triggers release of ADH(i.e. stimulus). What ADH does (i.e. actions of ADH and location of receptors for ADH). Identify the effectors that respond to ADH and explain what happens when they are activated . What effect this has on fluid excretion and fluid retention.