Q: How does ADH regulate facultative water reabsorption?
A: The resorption of water within the earlier elements of the nephron (regardless of an individual's…
Q: Write the equation for the calculation of net filtration pressure (NFP), and explain the meaning of…
A: Calculation for Net filtration pressure: NFP = GBPH -[CHP+BCOP] NFP= Net Filtration pressure. GBPH=…
Q: Describe how the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, antidiuretic hormone, and atrial natriuretic…
A: RAAS system or renin-angiotensin system is a system that regulates fluid and blood pressure. When…
Q: Describe Renal Regulation of Calcium and Phosphate Ions?
A: Phosphate is a charged particle (ion) that contains the mineral phosphorus. The body needs…
Q: What are the pathways for altering renal excretion of the substance to maintain stable body balance?
A: Urinary system maintains the electrolyte balance and acid-base balance of our body. Kidneys are the…
Q: Explain Reabsorption by Mediated Transport?
A: Plants contain two different types of “Transport tissue”. They are named Xylem and Phloem. The…
Q: subject kidneys What is renal plasma threshold?
A: The kidneys remove waste products from the blood and produce urine. As blood flows through the…
Q: Describe the process of Control of Na1 Reabsorption?
A: As the glomerular filtrate enters the renal tubules, it flows through the consecutive components of…
Q: What effect would an ACE inhibitor have on renin secretion and angiotensin II production?
A: Angiotensin II is a drug used for the treatment of hypotension (low BP) and the drug increases BP…
Q: xplain the mechanism of bicarbonate reabsorption
A: Kidneys are two bean-shaped organs located right below the rib cage, one on each side of the spine,…
Q: What are the benefits of excreting nitrogenous wastes in the form of uric acid? in the form of urea?
A: Uric acid can be defined as a waste byproduct. It is formed when our body breaks down the purines,…
Q: Why do site -IV diuretics drugs administer with the combination of site-I, site-II and site-III…
A: The amount of water in the body must be controlled in order to maintain the homeostasis. The amount…
Q: explain the role of ADH in water reabsorption?
A: Hormones are chemical messengers and help in the growth and development of organisms. The different…
Q: Explain the Summary of the renin-angiotensin system and the stimulation of aldosterone secretion by…
A: The Renin-Angiotensin system is as system which is used to maintaining the blood volume and systemic…
Q: what is the role of ADH in water reabsorption?
A: Antidiuretic hormone (ADH), commonly known as vasopressin, is a small peptide hormone which…
Q: After Lauren experienced hypokalemia, her physician discontinued her hydrochlorothiazide and…
A: Excretion is the physiological process in which unwanted and toxic substances are removed from the…
Q: Name the hormone that increase reabsorption of water in the kidneys.
A: The kidneys regulate water and salt balance in the body. Hormones are proteins that play vital roles…
Q: What is the mechanism of water reabsorption, and how is it coupled to Na1 reabsorption?
A:
Q: Write the summary of the renin-angiotensin system and the stimulation of aldosterone secretion by…
A: RAAS system is called the renin-angiotensin aldosterone system. This system is activated in the body…
Q: What are all possible factors that affect urine flow rate
A: Organs in the human excretory system make it easier to remove nitrogenous wastes from the body. The…
Q: explain how/why diuretics that block ADH secretion would work to reduce blood pressure
A: ADH also known as arginine vasopressine is secreted by hypothalamus and stored in anterior…
Q: Actions of ACE inhibitors in hypertension and heart failure include all the following EXCEPT…
A: ACE (angiotensin-converting enzyme) inhibitors are medicines used mainly for the treatment of high…
Q: Compare the mechanisms and the effects of loop diuretics, thiazide diuretics, ACE inhibitors, and…
A: Loop diuretics are a type of diuretic that works by blocking the sodium-potassium-chloride…
Q: List the different types of diuretics and briefly summarize theirmechanisms of action?
A: A drug is a chemical substance that is used to treat any pathogenic, physiological or psychological…
Q: What are the two mechanisms by which kidneys help maintain blood pH?
A: The kidneys help keep up the equilibrium by discharging hydrogen ions into the pee and re-consuming…
Q: What is autoregulation in the kidney? What other regulatory mechanisms are at work in renal…
A: Kidneys are the primary organs of the excretory system.
Q: What is the mechanism of Na1 reabsorption, and how is thereabsorption of other solutes coupled to…
A: To define: To define the mechanism of Na1 reabsorption and the reabsorption of other solutes coupled…
Q: How does angiotensin-II help to restore fluid balance when a person is dehydrated?
A: The relation between the total amount of water entering the organism through the ingestion of…
Q: Give the formula for net filtration pressure.
A: Blood filtering mainly depends upon three main pressure in the glomerulus. One pressure allows…
Q: Briefly describe the general mechanism of action for diuretics, and explain in detail how medication…
A: Diurectics are the drugs which promotes the sodium ions (Na+) and thus, water excretion (along with…
Q: how does aldosterone affect water and sodium reabsorption and secretion of potassium in the…
A: Aldosterone is a steroid hormone that is produced in the cortex region of the adrenal gland. Its…
Q: During a heavy physical workout, will the body need to reabsorb ions or not and explain why
A: Yes. During a heavy physical workout,the body need to reabsorb ions . Body fluids consist of…
Q: How carbonic anhydrase inhibitors act as diuretics? Explain at your own words
A: Carbonic anhydrase is an enzyme that catalysis the reaction of carbon dioxide with water, resulting…
Q: What do you mean by drug development of diuretic drugs? Briefly explain at your own words
A: Diuretics are drugs that act mainly on the kidney to increase urine flow. The main purpose of these…
Q: Describe the mechanisms for gain or loss of acids. Also describe the renal mechanisms for…
A: The excretory system is a system that is found in the human body. This system's job is to eliminate…
Q: how is bicarbonate reabsorbed in the proximal tubule? explainthe role of Na+/H+ antiporter.
A: The proximal tubule:In kidneys, it is a segment of the nephron. It starts from the Bowman's capsule…
Q: How is the permeability of the distal convoluted tubule and the collecting tubule controlled for…
A: The nephrons of the kidney includes proximal convoluted tubule, loop of Henle, distal convoluted…
Q: The relationship between ADH and the tubular re-absorbtion of water?
A: Nephron is the functional subunit of the kidney. It is involved in the formation of urine.
Q: ADH and RAAS exert their effects on urine formation in the kidney
A: Kidneys help in eliminating waste from the body through the formation of urine.
Q: Which of the following can trigger osmoregulatory adjustment via the atrial natriuretic peptide…
A: Osmoregulation is the process of maintaining salt and water balance (osmotic balance) across…
Q: In healthy adult ,the initial filtrate in kidney is about what?
A: Kidney is the excretory organ that removes waste products and excessive water from the body through…
Q: What are the physiological implications of excreting waste nitrogen in the form of urate, urea, or…
A: Nitrogenous waste is excreted in different forms with the help of different species. This will…
Q: Indicate the hormone that is NOT regulating urine production. A. Aldosterone B. Erythropoietin C.…
A: Hormones are produced from the endocrine glands. It is usually the biological enzymes that helps in…
Q: Describe “third-spacing” and what effect it has on fluid balance in the ECF, ISF, and ICF
A: Third spacing takes place when the excessive fluid passes from blood vessels to the interstitial…
Q: describe the mechanisms underlying water and solute reabsorption from the renal tubules into the…
A: Peritubular capillaries: In the renal system, these are small blood vessels that are supplied by the…
Q: What will happen to urine production if ADH is higher or lower than normal?
A: Antidiuretic hormone is also called vasopressin.It is a hormone synthesized in the hypothalamus but…
How do diuretics work to reduce excess fluid in the body? Describe the mechanisms of action for three types of diuretics.
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- Why do site -IV diuretics drugs administer with the combination of site-I, site-II and site-III diuretics drugs. Please explain at your own wordsDiuretics cause sodium excretion. Sodium follows water. Therefore, diuretics lead to a reduction in volume (remember BP = heart rate x volume x blood vessel tone (SVR)). Since diuretics lower volume, they lower BP. When would diuretics be indicated? When would they be contraindicated?Please help me with these questions, more than one answer may be correct for each:1) Which of the following statements are true about the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone axis? A) Angiotensin II stimulates production of aldosterone, which increases sodium reabsorption B) Renin converts angiotensinogen to angotensin I C) Angiotensin II stimulates production of vasopressin, which increases aquaporins in the collecting duct D) Vasopressin decreases thirst E) Renin lowers GFR 2) The purpose of excretion is to A) maintain internal pH B) remove harmful substances C) maintain plasma volume D) maintain osmotic balance E) maintain internal solute concentration
- After Lauren experienced hypokalemia, her physician discontinued her hydrochlorothiazide and prescribed a different medicine.How does hydrochlorothiazide work as a diuretic, and how might it producehypokalemia?What other type of diuretic might the physician prescribe, and how would it help Lauren’s hypertension and hypokalemia?Compare the mechanisms and the effects of loop diuretics, thiazide diuretics, ACE inhibitors, and ARBs (angiotensin II receptor blockers)Read the following statements separately and decide whether the statements are correct and correctly connected:i) The loop diuretic, furosemide, causes preload reductionbecauseii) Furosemide increases excretion of potassium ions Group of answer choices Only statement ii) is correct Both statements and their connection are correct Both statements are incorrect Both statements are correct but the connection is incorrect Only statement i) is correct
- Describe the mechanism of action of diuretics most commonly used for hypertension treatment. What are the major side effects and drug-drug interactions?What are the major routes in drug administration and significance of renal excretion (include equations and graphs if possible: thank you!)Describe Diuretic therapy?