In hepatocytes, the enzyme glucokinase catalyzes the ATP-coupled phosphorylation of glucose. Glucokinase binds both ATP and glucose, forming a glucose-ATP-enzyme complex. The enzyme then transfers the phosphoryl group directly from ATP to glucose. Select the advantages of phosphoryl group transfer compared to hydrolysis and subsequent phosphorylation? Glucokinase increases the transition state energy, favoring glucose phosphorylation. Reaction intermediates do not need to be present in excess. The process takes advantage of the high phosphoryl group transfer potential of ATP. ATP hydrolysis is thermodynamically unfavorable compared to group transfer.
Q: The structure of a metalloenzyme active site is down below(black picture). Describe, from a chemical…
A: Methane monooxygenase (MMO) is present in methanotrophic bacteria and MMO is present in an integral…
Q: Q1B: Calculate the number of wear particles produced per year, assuming spherical UHMWPE particles…
A: Total hip replacement (THA), commonly known as total hip arthroplasty (THA), is one of the most…
Q: Metabolism is best defined as a collection of Ocellular processes that activate cell division.…
A: Biochemistry is an attempt at explaining the living cell in chemical terms. A living cell is the…
Q: Could you please explain in detail why they end up in aspartate? Illustrations with 14C labelled…
A: All the metabolic reactions occurring inside the living system provides energy and replenishes the…
Q: What is the single definitive test for galactose? State the principle.
A: Galactose is a monosaccharide . it combines with glucose to form a disaccharide called lactose. It…
Q: 17-21 Is the rea (PEP) a re
A: Glycolysis is the process of breaking down glucose into two pyruvate molecules results in the…
Q: The hormone interacts with the metabotropic receptor, as a result of further implementation of the…
A: The G protein is a protein found associated with G protein-coupled receptors. The receptor coupled…
Q: a) This molecule is produced when what amino acid is transaminated? b) What are the one- and…
A: Amino acids are biomolecules in which an amino group and a carboxyl group are linked to the same…
Q: You run an SDS-PAGE gel on some purified protein samples against a protein ladder as marked. kDa 225…
A: SDS PAGE is an electrophoretic technique, which is used to separate proteins based on their size.…
Q: What elements do lipids contain?
A: Since you have posted multiple questions, we will provide the solution only to the first question as…
Q: I. Enzyme activity can be regulated by allosteric enzymes, feedback control, and covalent…
A: Since you have posted multiple questions, we will provide the solution only to the first five…
Q: What are the greatest structural features that differentiate sphingolipids from phosphoglycerides?
A: Introducion Fatty acids are the important component of lipids. Lipid is one of the important…
Q: At pH 7, the most predominant interaction between glucuronic acid (structure seen below) and the…
A: Electrostatic interactions are the interactions that might be attractive or repulsive that form…
Q: d. What type of inhibition is exhibited against NAD* as a cofactor? Describe what is going on in…
A: Any parameter of enzyme catalyzed reaction such as Vmax and Km can be obtained from Lineweaver Bur…
Q: Calculate and draw the isoelectric point of the tetrapeptide Ser-Leu-Phe-Pro at pH 7.0. hand written…
A: Isoelectric point is the pH at which the positive and negative charges are equal, i.e., the net…
Q: The purpose of DNA gyrase in replication is: to relieve positive supercoiling induced by unwinding…
A: Introduction: The process of DNA replication involves the production of an exact copy of genetic…
Q: Given the structure of the lipid. Hox N-H • To which group does this lipid belong? Triacylglycerol}…
A: Lipids are biomolecules that are insoluble in water. They are made up of fatty acids and glycerol.…
Q: A gene for albumin has 5 exons. When the DNA from this gene is allowed to hybridize with nuclear…
A: Introduction DNA is a self replicating molecule. mRNA is formed from DNA by a process called…
Q: 14. Consider the molecules below and the answer questions that follow. CH-0-8-R₁ HC-0-C-R₂ 0-4-0-0₂…
A: Since you have posted multiple questions with multiple sub parts, we will provide the solution only…
Q: *The following reaction occurs during the glycolysis pathway: glucose-6-phosphate…
A: In a general reaction such as: aA + bB ⇌ cC + dD At equilibrium (steady state), the concentration of…
Q: Upon doing the experiment of Protein Denaturation, what could be observed in the precipitation of…
A: Protein precipitation was seen in plasma samples that included ethanol solutions above a…
Q: The Electron Transport System (ETS) The ETS must generate a hydrogen gradient (proton motive force)…
A: Since you have posted multiple questions, we will provide the solution only to the first question as…
Q: How can you decrease (or stop) the rate of binding for a noncompetitive inhibitor? Could you change…
A: Non-competitive inhibitors are reversible inhibitors that binds to a site on the enzyme other than…
Q: Name four amino acids that can be synthesized using pyruvate as a starting material. What one(s) of…
A: Amino acids are biomolecules that have an amino group and a carboxyl group linked to the same carbon…
Q: (a) Which antibacterial compound does NOT directly inhibit this process? H₂N NH cycloserine A Ph…
A: The given park nucleotide consist of five amino acids linked by peptide bond with sequence of…
Q: Which of the following is a structure of a sugar alcohol? Н I I H O CAB O CAR O CAP COOH OH нон CAT…
A: Sugar alcohols are formed when the aldehyde or keto group of the monosaccharide is treated with a…
Q: Draw the structure of alanylserine, a dipeptide made from alanine and serine, as it would appear at…
A: A dipeptide has two amino acid residues. Amino acid sequences are written with N-terminal amino…
Q: 1. Acetyl-CoA labeled with ¹4C in both of its acetate carbon atoms is incubated with unlabeled…
A: The citric acid cycle, also called as the Tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle is the central metabolic…
Q: “The binding of oxygen to hemoglobin exhibits positive cooperativity.” Explain briefly
A: Our red blood cells (RBCs) are composed of hemoglobin that helps to transport oxygen throughout the…
Q: Explain the growing public health threats of emerging zoonotic infections and challenges in…
A: Zoonoses are diseases and infections that are naturally transmitted between humans and vertebrate…
Q: What percentage of molecules of peptide GGGG has no ionized groups (e.g. has BOTH protonated…
A: Amino acids: An amino acid can function as both an acid and a base because of its structural…
Q: 1. Explain why lipids are insoluble in polar solvents. 2. How do oils and fats differ?
A: Lipids are a chemically diverse group of biomolecules that have two things in common: low…
Q: There is a proposal that pyrazole could protect against the damaging effects of alcohol on the liver…
A: Alcohol toxicity happens due to excess consumption of alcohol in short period of time. Oxidative…
Q: 20000 Indicate enzymes of glucose metabolism directly or indirectly impacted by the action of…
A: Glucose metabolism is comprised of several processes, including glycolysis, gluconeogenesis,…
Q: Assume that you are conducting a chain-addition polymerization using 5.47 grams of monomer (MW=…
A: The number of moles is given by the ratio of the given mass in grams to the molar mass(MW) No. of…
Q: FLUORESCENCE BINDING a) In the DAPI DNA lab, concentration of DAPI and DNA was determined to carry…
A: Dapi is a fluorescent dye. It binds to the AT regions of double-stranded DNA and emits fluorescence.…
Q: 3. Predict the effect of each of the following amino acid substitutions on the KM and keat of the…
A: Proteins are composed of amino acids, which are bound together by peptide linkage. Amino acids…
Q: Experiment: DNA Extraction from Banana The procedures are attached below. Question: 1. Will the…
A: DNA is the genetic material that is presented inside the nucleus of every cell. Banana is the best…
Q: draw a diagram showing the interrelationship of Carbs-Lipids metabolism
A: Cellular respiration is a collection of three metabolic pathways that generate ATP the energy…
Q: A researcher found that a single point mutation in the genome of the SARS-CoV-2 virus resulted in a…
A: Amino acids are biomolecules that have an amino group and a carboxyl group linked to the same carbon…
Q: This is the ATP accounting question. You are limited to the carbon in the following molecules:…
A: After glucose enters the cell, there are two possible fates it can undergo: enter glycolysis,…
Q: Elongation of fatty acids chains beyond 16 carbons takes place: on the membrane of the endoplasmic…
A: Acetyl CoA from glucose oxidation or other anaplerotic reactions is produced in mitochondria and…
Q: Which of the following molecular formulas would be for an aldopentose? C4H8O4 C₂H₁408 C6H12O6…
A:
Q: Calculate the volumes of the 100 mM PNPP stock solution and buffer (final volume of 1.00 ml) needed…
A: Molarity is way of representing the concentration of a solution. Molarity is the number of moles of…
Q: 3. Attach the structures below to draw a sphingolipid. CH3-(CH2) 12-CH=CH-CH-OH sphingosine CHINH,…
A: Lipids are a chemically diverse group of biomolecules that have two things in common: low…
Q: Give an overview of Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) signaling, and discuss the nature of the TNF ligand…
A: TNF signaling is an apoptotic signaling pathway that causes programmed cell death due to external…
Q: Calculate protein concentration in unknown samples 1, 2, 3: Absorbance of Unknown 1 = 0.541…
A: Given that the standard BSA concentration is 1mg/mL. 10, 20, 30 ,40 and 50 µL of the standard BSA…
Q: Pathological Constituents of Urine C3. What are ketone bodies? What conditions (or diseases) lead…
A: Urine often contains water as well as contaminants such as urea, uric acid, ions, and creatinine.…
Q: Fill up the table below to summarize the confirmatory test for casein and whey. Test Sample…
A: Casein and whey are the 2 important classes of proteins in milk. The human milk composition is…
Q: One of the molecules listed below is effective in reducing O2 affinity of human Hb in the absence of…
A: Hemoglobin is a globular protein, ie it is roughly spherical. It is a tetramer of two types of…
Trending now
This is a popular solution!
Step by step
Solved in 2 steps
- In hepatocytes, the enzyme glucokinase catalyzes the ATP-coupled phosphorylation of glucose. Glucokinase binds both ATP and glucose, forming a glucose-ATP-enzyme complex. The enzyme then transfers the phosphoryl group directly from ATP to glucose. Select the advantages of phosphoryl group transfer compared to hydrolysis and subsequent phosphorylation? ATP hydrolysis is thermodynamically unfavorable compared to group transfer. Glucokinase increases the transition state energy, favoring glucose phosphorylation. The process takes advantage of the high phosphoryl group transfer potential of ATP. Reaction intermediates do not need to be present in excess. IncorrectDuring glycolysis (under anaerobic conditions), for each glucose molecule broken down, how many ATP molecules are used and how many are made in total? A diagram summarizing the different reactions of glycolysis is given below. ATP ADP ATP ADP Glucose Glucose-6-phosphate Fructose-6-phosphate Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate Dihydroxyacetone phosphate 2 (Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate) Glyceraldehyde- 3-phosphate 2 (1,3-Bisphosphoglycerate) 2 (3-Phosphoglycerate) 2 (2-Phosphoglycerate) 2 H₂O 2 (Phosphoenolpyruvate) 2 (Pyruvate) 2 NAD+ + 2Pi 2 NADH + 2H 2 ADP 2 ATP -2 ADP 2 ATP 2 ATP molecules are used and 2 ATP molecules are made 2 ATP molecules are used and 4 ATP molecules are made O 6 ATP molecules are used and no ATP molecules are made O 4 ATP molecules are used and 2 ATP molecules are made O No ATP molecules are used and 6 ATP molecules are madeWhich of the following is the correct summary of phase II of glycolysis for each molecule of glucose? Glucose + ATP ⟶ Glyceraldehy-3-phosphate + ADP Glucose + 2 ATP ⟶ 2(Glyceraldehy-3-phosphate) + 2 ADP Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate + NAD+ + ADP + Pi ⟶ 3-phosphoglycerate + NADH + H+ + ATP 2(3-phosphoglycerate) + 2ADP ⟶ 2 pyruvate + 2ATP 2(Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate) + 2NAD+ + 2ADP + 2Pi ⟶ 2(3-phosphoglycerate) + 2NADH + 2H+ + 2ATP
- Consider ten glucose molecules that enter a cell. How many ATP can be generated by the complete catabolism of these into CO2 and H2O? If all ten are first incorporated into glycogen, liberated from glycogen, and then fully catabolized into CO2 and H2O, does the ATP tally increase, decrease or stay the same? Consider that 1 UTP = 1 ATP. Explain. Describe the processes which produce ATP and provide a balanced equation of glucose, CO2, H2O and O2We have discussed the aerobic metabolism of glucose extensively in this class. To capture and use the energy in glucose to make ATP, we must utilize 4 different sequential pathways/steps. Starting with one glucose molecule and eventually ending with CO2, H20 and ATP, list the 4 pathways/steps in order and tell me what molecules enter each pathway, and what the final products of each pathway are.Complete catabolism of one glucose molecule yields 38 ATP molecules. How many moles of ATP are produced by the complete catabolism of 10 moles of glucose?
- In which of the following metabolic conversions is ATP “generated” during glycolysis? Glucose —> Glucose-6-phosphate 1,3-Bisphosphoglycerate —> 3-Phosphoglycerate Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate —> Dihydroxyacetone phosphate + Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate Glucose-6-phosphate —> Fructose-6-phosphate 2-Phosphoglycerate —> 3-PhosphoglycerateCalculate the number of ATPS generated by the complete metabolic oxida- tion of tripalmitin (tripalmitoylglycerol). Hydrolysis of the triacylglycerol occurs at the cell surface. Consider the energy yield from catabolism of glycerol, as well as from the fatty acids. Calculate the ATP yield per carbon atom oxidized, and compare it with the energy yield from glucose.Which of the following cellular concentrations would be likely to increase the rate of glycolysis? Low AMP levels High glucagon levels ✓Low fructose-2,6-bisphosphate levels High AMP levels High phosphoenolpyruvate levels Low ATP levels
- How many total (NOT NET) molecules of ATP are synthesized from ADP via glycolysis of a single molecule of glucose? Explain by detailing the reactions (steps) involved.Antagonist binds to the enzyme at a site far away from the receptor site to inhibit the function of an enzyme. Select one: O True O False Glycolysis is a reductive process because glucose is reduced to form pyruvate. Select one: O True O False Hexokinase catalyses an irreversible reaction in glycolysis. Select one: O True O FalseHow many ATP are produced from a triglyceride containing three 14 carbon fatty acids? NOTE: Assume that glycerol is converted to Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate (step 6 of glycolysis).