Indicate whether each of the following statements is true or false. If false, correct the statement or provide a brief explanation for why it is false. With high [carbohydrate] levels, excess glucose (after glycogen storage has reached a maximum) is converted to fat, leading to high [malonyl-CoA].

Q: Explain to a child how the irreversible steps in carbohydrate metabolism are regulated.

A: Glucose is the energy source in living beings. The molecule is six-carbon sugar. Glucose is obtained…

Q: Explain how glucose is broken down in general.

A: Carbohydrates are divided into 3 classes monosaccharide, disaccharide, and polysaccharide.…

Q: Explain the changes in liver metabolism that occur when blood glucose levels drop after a meal has…

A: When a meal is consumed which is rich in starch or carbohydrates, it immediately increase the blood…

Q: Fatty acids appear to stimulate insulin secretion to a much greater extent when glucose is also…

A: Long chain fatty acids potentiate glucose stimulated insulin secretion. Fatty acids don't trigger…

Q: Describe the central role of glucose in carbohydrate metabolism.

A: Carbohydrate metabolism is a fundamental biochemical process that ensures a constant supply of…

Q: Administration of insulin decreases the blood concentration of ketone bodies in patients with…

A: The cells inside the body of people who are diabetic are unable to uptake glucose from blood.…

Q: Explain how appetite is controlled by the brain. What is the benefit ofhaving a hormone released…

A: The region in the brain known as hypothalamus contains several nuclei that combines peripheral…

Q: In primary carnitine deficiency: a. Which of the following (from the list below) will accumulate in…

A: Carnitine deficiency is a condition where the free carnitine in the blood is reduced in the system.…

Q: ndicate the following where the tissue(s) for the metabolic pathway takes place: Glycogenesis…

A: Glycogenesis is the process of glycogen synthesis, in which glucose molecules are added to chains of…

Q: Describe the different functions of glycogen in liver and muscle

A: Polysaccharides are larger molecules of sugar compounds that are made up of many smaller units of…

Q: you follow a carbohydrate-free diet, certain metabolic problems occur. Describe glucogenesis and the…

A: Glucogenesis is the formation of glucose within an animal body from any product of glycolysis.…

Q: Describe the effect of excess fructose consumption on hepatic lipid metabolism.

A: Fructose is a keto sugar and a monosaccharide carbohydrate.

Q: b. In addition to its effects on glucose homeostasis, which one of the following is an effect of…

A: A hormone is any individual from a class of flagging particles in multicellular life forms, that are…

Q: describe how fasting is associated with the stimulation of both gluconeogenesis and lipolysis

A: Introduction: Fasting can refer to the metabolic state of a person who has not eaten for 24 hours or…

Q: Which of the following statements is true? a) High insulin/glucagon ratio activates lipolysis in…

A: Asked : True statement regarding insulin to glucagon ration

Q: Describe the role of insulin in lipid metabolism.

A: Insulin was an endocrine hormone which  plays a major role in regulation the body metabolism by…

Q: Excessive breakdown of fatty acids produces large amount of acetyl CoA that result in the production…

A: Ketones are always present in the blood, and their level enhances during the stage of low glucose…

Q: People with beriberi, a disease caused by thiamine deficiency, have elevated levels of blood…

A: Pyruvate dehydrogenase is the enzyme responsible for converting pyruvate into acetyl CoA during the…

Q: Given the nature of the hormonal activation of lipases, what carbohydrate pathways would be…

A: The lipase is an enzyme found in the pancreas that catalyzes the breakdown of fats to fatty acids…

Q: List reaction or pathways of fatty acid oxidation and biosynthesis affected by insulin and glucagon.

A: Insulin is the hormone synthesized by the β cells of pancreas. Whereas glucagon is synthesized by…

Q: Name the protein that is up-regulated after a high energy content meal in an effort to increase…

A: Proteins are organic macromolecules that are required by the human body. It is responsible for…

Q: Which glycogen storage disorder is known as amylopectinosis? explain very briefly.

A: In glycogen storage disease abnormal accumulation of sugar occur in the body due to defective…

Q: Gierke disease

A: answe will be option B, and C Glucose6-phosphate deficiency is an inherited metabolic disease,…

Q: Describe five possible fates for glucose 6-phosphate in the liver.

A: The liver is a major metabolic site. The metabolism of drugs, detoxification, amino acid metabolism…

Q: Is glycogen is broken down to release glucose. True or false. Explain

A: Glycogen is a multibranched polysaccharide that serves as a form of energy storage in animals,…

Q: High amount of citrate decreases the activity of fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase. True or False

A: Fructose 1,6-bisphosphatse enzyme participates in gluconeogenesis and gluconeogenesis is a pathway…

Q: List the steps in the digestion of dietary triacylglycerols and their transport into the…

A: Chylomicrons are in the intestinal cells and relay lipids from the digestive tract and mix them in…

Q: Describe the function of ferritin in the absorption of iron.

A: Blood is a specialized connective tissue composed of two components plasma and formed elements.…

Q: How are fatty acids related to ketogenic diet? Explain.

A: Ketogenic diet- It is proven helpful for weight loss and it is also used in treating epilepsy in…

Q: Glucagon increases hepatic gluconeogenesis by decreasing the cytosolic concentration of which of the…

A: The hormone glucagon sends signals to the liver to produce more glucose and its release when the…

Q: The formation of fat from excess glucose is called __________.

A: Macronutrients can be defined as the nutrients that will be needed in a higher amount to the body.…

Q: During the absorptive state, assuming a balanced diet without need for gluconeogenesis, give…

A: The question asks that during the absorptive state of a body, consider a balanced diet without the…

Q: Discuss the 3 mechanisms of abnormal carbohydrates metabolism that result in the development of…

A: Acetone, beta-hydroxybutyrate and acetoacetate are three ketone bodies. Acetyl CoA is the precursor…

Q: Discuss the process of digestion and absorption of carbohydrates. Explain the metabolic pathways in…

A: Carbohydrate is the polyhydroxy aldehyde or ketone. Majority of carbohydrate have the H and O ratio…

Q: List the three principal hormones that regulate glucose metabolism. Briefly explain the effects…

A: Glucose is the main carbohydrate sugar that is responsible for maintaining the overall energy of the…

Q: Explain the mechanism of action of carnitine in  losing weight?  (Lipid Metabolism)

A: Carnitine is a nutrient that is found in many foods (especially meat and dairy products) and is made…

Q: explain the relationship between glycogen metabolism,  the pentose phosphate shunt, dyslipidemia,…

A: Glycogen metabolism is the glycogenolysis or breakdown of glycogen during fasting and muscle…

Q: Briefly describe the process of digestion and metabolism of dietary fatty acids.

A: Fatty acids are the simplest form of lipid that are long-chain hydrocarbons attached to a carboxylic…

Q: Explain how excessive ketone bodies may form in the following: During starvation In patients with…

A: Ketone bodies are the water-soluble molecules containing the ketone group that are produced by the…

Q: Explain the regulation of lipid metabolism

A: The study of chemical reactions that occurs within living organisms is called biochemistry. This…

Q: Why would a cause of hyperinsulinism be hypoglycemia?

A: Introduction:Hypoglycemia is a state of having blood sugar (glucose) levels that are below normal.…

Q: 1. Carnitine has been "sold" as a fat burner supplement.  Explain WHY someone might use this…

A: Carnitine is chemically beta hydroxy gamma trimethyl ammonium butyrate which acts as carrier of…

Q: State the overall reaction for glucose breakdown.

A: Glucose is a vital energy source required by all of our body's cells and for their functions. The…