Most Australians are found to be frugal during the coronavirus pandemic and have started saving more. Explain how an increase in household saving affects the equilibrium interest rate and the equilibrium quantity of loanable funds
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Most Australians are found to be frugal during the coronavirus pandemic and have started saving more. Explain how an increase in household saving affects the equilibrium interest rate and the equilibrium quantity of loanable funds.
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- Graph Interest Rate Figure 2 Saving Incentives Increase the Supply of Loanable Funds A change in the tax laws to encourage Americans to save more would shift the supply of loanable funds to the right from S₁ to S₂. As a result, the equilibrium interest rate would fall, and the lower interest rate would stimulate investment. Here the equilibrium interest rate falls from 5 percent to 4 percent, and the equilibrium quantity of loanable funds saved and invested rises from $1,200 billion to $1, 600 billion. 5% 4% 2.... which reduces the equilibrium interest rate... See graph built step by step 0 $1,200 Supply, S₁ $1,600 3.... and raises the equilibrium quantity of loanable funds. 5₂ 1. Tax incentives for saving increase the supply of loanable funds... Demand Build graph yourself Loanable Funds (in billions of dollars)If there is a rise in the real interest rate, how does the quantity of loanable funds demanded change?Use the loanable funds market to illustrate the effect of the following events on the equilibrium. Illustrate the effects on the interest rate and quantity of investment-savings a) The proportion of retired people in the population goes up. Think that usually retired people generally save less than working people at any interest rate. b) At any given interest rate, consumers decide to save more (assume the budget balance is zero). c) At any given interest rate, businesses become very optimistic about the future profitability of investment spending (assume the budget balance is zero).
- a high interest rate can also indicate that something positive is happening in the economy. Describe how positive factors can lead to an increased in the demand for loanable funds and then an increase in the interest rate.Suppose that the government changes the tax code to allow additional amounts of money to be placed in 401(k) retirement accounts, increasing the extent to which people can delay their tax obligations. Show the effect by shifting the appropriate curve in the market for loanable funds. Loanable funds Demand Interest rate Supply3.3 Explain and show graphically how an increase in household saving affects the equilibrium interest rate and the equilibrium quantity of loanable funds. 3.4 Explain and show graphically how an increase in expected profits from firm investment projects affects the equilibrium interest rate and the equilibrium quantity of loanable funds. 3.5 Explain and show graphically how an increase in government spending (i.e. budget deficit) affects the equilibrium interest rate in the market for loanable funds.
- Discuss the overall purpose people have for investing. Define investmentA friend asks you to explain the difference between saving and investment. Explain the difference.What happens to the market for loanable funds when interest rates increase? Planned investments increase. Planned investments is not effected There is a decrease in demand for loanable funds. There is a decrease in quantity demanded for loanable funds.
- EXERCISE 10.9 LIMITS ON LENDING Many countries have policies that limit how much interest a moneylender can charge on a loan. Do you think these limits are a good idea? Who benefits from the laws and who loses? What are likely to be the long-term effects of such laws? Tips: For Question 2, you may think about how a low interest rate would affect the poor and those who owe huge debts. For Question 3, you may think about how it would affect the profitability of the banking sector and the supply of lending (will lenders be encouraged to lend more?), and what implications it may have for "credit rationing" (being credit constrained).Define disposable incomeInvestment — End of Chapter Problem Move the appropriate curve or curves in each graph to illustrate the effect of each of the four events on the market for loanable funds. If the event should not impact the market for loanable funds, then leave the graph unchanged.