Relate the concept of marginal rate of substitution back to the idea of willingness to pay and economic return. In particular... If my |MRS2 for1|> ERS2 for 1| can I receive additional economic return by reallocating by budget away from one commodity and towards another? If so, how? Why? Please include a diagram in your answer.
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- How is utility maximization obtained in the competitive factor market? Explain your answer. b. Explain, why are goods not distributed efficiently among consumers if the marginal rate of technical substitution is not equal to the marginal rate of substitution of consumers?ence learning videos X ECON 509 UNIT 1 ASSIGNMENT X File | C:/Users/J... UNIT ONE Answer All questions 1) a) Given the following typical utility curves determine whether they have convex indifference curves (that is, vhether the Marginal Rate of Substitution declines as x increases). U(x,y)=vx -y b) Given the following Constant Elasticity of Substitution production function, show whether or not it is homogeneous, and the scale it exhibits. Q =[L' + K']% 2) Prove that the polynomial P(x) = -2x³ + 2x² + 10x + 6 has a zero at x = 3, and factor the polynomial. 3) The demand and supply functions for two related goods; jeans (x) and shirts(y), are given by the equations: P = 50+Q, P= 40+20, Pa=100-5Q,-Q, P = 240-100, - 8Q, %3D dy sy a) Find the equilibrium price and quantity of jeans (x) and shirts(y). b) Explain with evidence from the system of equations whether the two goods are substitute or complementary 80Recent research confirms that the demand for cigarettes is not only inelastic, but it also indicates that smokers with incomes in the lower half of all incomes respond to a given price increase by reducing their purchases by amounts that are more than four times as large as the purchase reductions made by smokers in the upper half of all incomes. How can the income and substitution effects of a price change help explain this finding?
- Ivan faces a labor supply decision. His well-behaved preferences over the two goods "hours of leisure' L and 'consumption' c can be represented by u= 4(L)1/2 +c. He has no non-labor income and can choose how many hours to work at the wage rate u per hour. The price per unit of consumption is p, and his available free time is T hours .a)Sketch Ivan's budget set, with axes, intercepts, and slope labeled (these will depend on the parameters w, p, and T) .b)Use the tangency method to find Ivan's demand functions for leisure and consumption (as functions of u, p. and T) .c) Let's think about Ivan's "time expansion path" (that is, the analog of the income expansion path a.k.a. income-consumption loci but for changes in T). Sketch it and explain why it has this shape. with reference to Ivan's demand functions.d) (3 points) In terms of parameters from the model, what is the most that Ivan would be willing to pay to have an extra hour of free time (that is, to increase T by 1)? Why?Ivan faces a labor supply decision. His well-behaved preferences over the two goods "hours of leisure' L and 'consumption' c can be represented by u= 4(L)1/2 +c. He has no non-labor income and can choose how many hours to work at the wage rate u per hour. The price per unit of consumption is p, and his available free time is T hours .a) Sketch Ivan's budget set, with axes, intercepts, and slope labeled (these will depend on the parameters w, p, and T) .b) Use the tangency method to find Ivan's demand functions for leisure and consumption (as functions of u, p. and T) .c) Let's think about Ivan's "time expansion path" (that is, the analog of the income expansion path a.k.a. income-consumption loci but for changes in T). Sketch it and explain why it has this shape. with reference to Ivan's demand functions.d) In terms of parameters from the model, what is the most that Ivan would be willing to pay to have an extra hour of free time (that is, to increase T by 1)? Why?Could the marginal rate of substitution be 5 at point C? Justify your answer.
- Suppose your tastes over consumption and leisure have constant elasticity of substitution. I observe that, when your wage went up, you continued to work the same number of hours. From this, I can conclude that you have Cobb-Douglas tastes. O True O False509 UNIT 1 ASSIGNMENT ECON 509 UNIT 2 ASSIGNMENT X PDF ars/Jo.. Tp AN Read aloud V Draw Highlight ECON 509 ASSIGNMENT UNIT ONE Answer All questions 1) a) Given the following typical utility curves determine whether they have convex indifference curves (that is, whether the Marginal Rate of Substitution declines as x increases). U(x. y)-x² -y? b) Given the following Constant Elasticity of Substitution production function, show whether or not it is homogeneous, and the scale it exhibits. Q = [L² + K']^ 2) Prove that the polynomial P(x) = -2x3 + 2x2 + 10x+ 6 has a zero at x 3, and factor the polynomial. %3D 3) The demand and supply functions for two related goods; jeans (x) and shirts(y). are given byA) Ana decides every day how many hours to work and how much beef to consume. She spends all income earned from work each day on consumption of beef. Her utility function for free time (t, 24 hours minus hours worked) and consumption (y) is: U(t, y) = 2t + y The price per unit of beef consumed is 4 and her hourly wage is 1. • Using a diagram and appropriate algebra, explain what Ana's optimal number of hours work and units of beef consumed are each day. Ana reads a book about the impact of beef consumption on climate change and realises that there is a cost to society of her beef consumption. She takes account of this impact on society in her own decisions, incorporating a disutility of -0.03y per unit of beef consumed. She still only consumes beef and spends all income earned each day on this consumption. • Explain, using a diagram and appropriate algebra, how recognition of the impact of her consumption choice on climate change impacts on Ana's daily free time and beef consumption…
- 6) The figure below shows a student's feasible frontier and her indifference curves for final exam marks and the hours of free time per day. The table also gives the marginal rate of substitution (MRS) and the marginal rate of transformation (MRT) for the points shown in the figure. Based on this information, identify whether each of the following statements is true or false. Final grade 100 c. At D, the MRT of 4 means that if she gives up all of her free time, she can attain 60 extra grade points. d. At E, the MRS matches the student's MRT. Therefore, she should exchange one hour of free time with 7 extra grade points. 90- a. At A, one hour of free time is equivalent in value to 3 grade points. However, 1 extra hour of studying leads to 9 extra grade points. She should therefore study more. 0 b. At B, one hour of free time is equivalent in value to 2 grade points. However, 1 extra hour of studying leads to 20 extra grade points. She should therefore study more. 0 Feasible frontier…Explain with the aid of well labelled diagram(s) with before and after transitions whether the statement below is True, False or Cannot be determined, given the information provided: “Two commodities, P and Q are perfect substitutes with per unit prices of $PP and $PQ respectively. The income of an individual is given by $I. It is also given that initially, $PP = $PQ. Then it can be reasonably claimed that in a specific situation where $I remains unchanged and due to some exogenous factor, $PP < $PQ, then the budget line, which initially was overlapping an indifference curve will pivot, become flatter and resultantly, the optimal bundle will be always be a corner solution at (0,Q*) and no other possibility would exist.I understand the substitution effect, but I really need to understand the Income effect. Please explain that and thank you in advanced ?