1 please CORN GENETICS CHI SQUARE ANALYSISIn this exercise, you will examine an ear of corn and determinethe type of cross and genes responsible for the coloration andtexture of the corn kernels like the one show below. There arefour grain phenotypes in the ear. Purple and smooth (A), Purpleand Shrunken (B), Yellow and Smooth (C), Yellow and Shrunken(D).BPhotos can be substituted: see Corn Genetics GalleryDihybrid CrossWe will now consider a dihybrid cross, which is a combination ofthe two monohybrids. Your ear of corn may be a result of a crossbetween plants that were both heterozygous (PpSs x PpSs).Diologycorner.com1. Create a punnett square or use a mathematical system to determine the phenotype ratio. Record what youwould expect to get from this cross in the chart below.Purple & smoothPurple & shrunkenYellow & smoothYellow & shrunken

A Chi-square test is done to identify the significant association between two variables. In a…

We will now consider a dihybrid cross, which is a combination of the two monohybrids. Your ear of corn may be a result of a cross between plants that were both heterozygous (PpSs x PpSs). Diologycorner.com 1. Create a punnett square or use a mathematical system to determine the phenotype ratio. Record what you would expect to get from this cross in the chart below. Purple & smooth Purple & shrunken Yellow & smooth Yellow & shrunken

We will now consider a dihybrid cross, which is a combination of the two monohybrids. Your ear of corn may be a result of a cross between plants that were both heterozygous (PpSs x PpSs). Diologycorner.com 1. Create a punnett square or use a mathematical system to determine the phenotype ratio. Record what you would expect to get from this cross in the chart below. Purple & smooth Purple & shrunken Yellow & smooth Yellow & shrunken

Biology 2e

2nd Edition

ISBN:9781947172517

Author:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann Clark

Publisher:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann Clark

Chapter12: Mendel's Experiments And Heredity

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 26CTQ: The gene for flower position in pea plants exists as axial or terminal alleles. Given that axial is...

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. The production of pigment in the outer layer of seedsof corn requires each of the three independently assorting genes A, C, and R to be represented by at leastone dominant allele, as specified in Problem 64. Thedominant allele Pr of a fourth independently assortinggene is required to convert the biochemical precursorinto a purple pigment, and its recessive allele pr makesthe pigment red. Plants that do not produce pigmenthave yellow seeds. Consider a cross of a strain of genotype A/A ; C/C ; R/R ; pr/pr with a strain of genotypea/a ; c/c ; r/r ; Pr/Pr.a. What are the phenotypes of the parents?b. What will be the phenotype of the F1?c. What phenotypes, and in what proportions, willappear in the progeny of a selfed F1?d. What progeny proportions do you predict from thetestcross of an F1?
Gene mapping using the Three-point Testcross a) Given the following alleles that control seed traits:W = wrinkled G = green R = roundw = smooth g = yellow r = oval b) Results of a cross with a triple heterozygote revealed the following phenotypes:30 smooth yellow round4 smooth green round958 wrinkled green round2 wrinkled yellow oval18 wrinkled yellow round946 smooth yellow oval16 smooth green oval26 wrinkled green oval c) Determine the order of the genes and the distance between them in centiMorgan (cM).Construct a gene map to show your results. TIP: Based on the phenotypes, determine the alleles in the gametes
. Considering the yellow and green pea color phenotypes studied by Gregor Mendel:a. What is the biochemical function of the proteinthat is specified by the gene responsible for thepea color phenotype?b. A null allele of a gene is an allele that does notspecify any of the biochemical function that thegene normally provides. Of the two alleles Y and y,which is more likely to be a null allele?c. In terms of the underlying biochemistry, why is theY allele dominant to the y allele?d. Why are peas that are yy homozygotes green?e. The amount of the protein specified by a gene isroughly proportional to the number of functionalcopies of the gene carried by a cell or individual.What do the phenotypes of YY homozygotes, Yyheterozygotes, and yy homozygotes tell us aboutthe amount of the Sgr enzyme (the product of thepea color gene) needed to produce a yellow color?
. In the plant Arabidopsis thaliana, a geneticist is interested in the development of trichomes (small projections). A large screen turns up two mutant plants (A and B) that have no trichomes, and these mutants seem to be potentially useful in studying trichome development. (If they were determined by single-gene mutations, then finding the normal and abnormal functions of these genes would be instructive.) Each plant is crossed with wild type; in both cases, the next generation (F1) had normal trichomes. When F1 plants were selfed, the resulting F2’s were as follows: F2 from mutant A: 602 normal; 198 no trichomes F2 from mutant B: 267 normal; 93 no trichomesa. What do these results show? Include proposed genotypes of all plants in your answer. b. Under your explanation to part a, is it possible to confidently predict the F1 from crossing the original mutant A with the original mutant B?
Bb Take Test: Mod 9 Lab - Genetic X + ← ] C G QUESTION 3 In the pedigree below, all shaded individuals express the gene in question. For example, Arlene "has" the trait, she displays the phenotype in question. For example, if we were following the inheritance pattern of a widow's peak, Arlene has a widow's peak (that is NOT the trait here, just an example). Unshaded individuals (blank circles and squares) do not manifest the trait in question, but their specific genotype is unknown - they could be heterozygous, homozygous dominant, or homozygous recessive. What is the mechanism of inheritance of this trait? Sandra Daniel recessive dominant Tom 990 Alan QUESTION 4 George Sam Tina Christopher Arlene Wilma Ann O Carla R Update Michael In the pedigree below, all shaded individuals express the gene in question. For example, Arlene "has" the trait, she displays the phenotype in question. For example, if we were following the inheritance pattern of a widow's peak, Arlen a widow's peak (that…
F1 hybrids between two species of cotton, Gossypium barbadenseand Gossypium hirsutum, are very vigorous plants. However, F1crosses produce many seeds that do not germinate and a high percentageof very weak F2 offspring. Suggest two reasons for theseobservations.
2. You are making a genetic map and use a cross to measure the distance between genes H and J as 40cMand the distance between J and M as 20cM. When you measure the distance between genes H and M, you get 50 cM. Do the following (A-C). (A) Draw and label a map of genes H, J, and M. (B) What is the genetic distance between genes H and M? How do you know? (Answer in 1 sentence) (C) Complete the table (right). For each pair of genes, write “yes” or “no” to indicate whether the pair of genes are“linked genes” and/orpart of the same“linkage group”.
. In ordered tetrad analysis, what is the maximumRF that you could observe between a gene and thecentromere? (Hint: What RF would you observebetween a gene and the centromere if the genewere distant enough from the centromere so thatat least one crossover, and often more than onecrossover, occurs between them in everymeiosis?)b. Can a gene and the centromere be unlinked?Explain.c. Suppose in an ordered tetrad analysis you observean RF of 30% between a gene and the centromere.Given your answer to part (a), do think that 30 m.u.is an accurate estimate of the distance between thegene and the centromere?
. In a particular kind of ornamental flower, the wildtype flower color is deep purple, and the plants aretrue-breeding. In one true-breeding mutant stock, theflowers have a reduced pigmentation, resulting in alavender color. In a different true-breeding mutantstock, the flowers have no pigmentation and are thuswhite. When a lavender-flowered plant from the firstmutant stock was crossed to a white-flowered plantfrom the second mutant stock, all the F1 plants hadpurple flowers. The F1 plants were then allowed toself-fertilize to produce an F2 generation. The 277 F2plants were 157 purple : 71 white : 49 lavender. a. Explain how flower color is inherited. Is this traitcontrolled by the alleles of a single gene?b. What kinds of progeny would be produced if lavender F2 plants were allowed to self-fertilize?
Crossover frequencies for some genes on a tomato plant: • Normal leaves (M) and tall plant (D) 12% • Normal leaves (M) and normal tomato (O) 33% • Normal leaves (M) and simple florescence (S) 64% • Tall plant (D) and normal tomato (0) 21% • Tall plant (D) and simple fluorescence (S) 52% Draw a chromosome map and state the cross-over frequency between genes for a normal tomato and simple florescence.
. The human IGF2 gene is autosomal and maternallyimprinted. Copies of the gene received from themother are not expressed, but copies received fromthe father are expressed. You have found two allelesof this gene that encode two different forms of theIGF2 protein distinguishable by gel electrophoresis.One allele encodes a 60K (Kilodalton) blood protein;the other allele encodes a 50K blood protein. In ananalysis of blood proteins from a couple named Billand Joan, you find only the 60K protein in Joan’sblood and only the 50K protein in Bill’s blood. Youthen look at their children: Jill is producing only the50K protein, while Bill Jr. is producing only the 60Kprotein.a. With these data alone, what can you say about theIGF2 genotype of Bill Sr. and Joan?b. Bill Jr. and a woman named Sara have two children, Pat and Tim. Pat produces only the 60K protein and Tim produces only the 50K protein. Withthe accumulated data, what can you now say aboutthe genotypes of Joan and Bill Sr.?
. A diploid strain of yeast was made by mating a haploidstrain with a genotype w−, x−, y−, and z− with a haploidstrain of opposite mating type that is wild type for thesefour genes. The diploid strain was phenotypically wildtype. Four different X-ray-induced diploid mutantswith the following phenotypes were produced fromthis diploid yeast strain. Assume a single new mutation is present in each strain.Strain 1 w− x+ y− z+Strain 2 w+ x− y− z−Strain 3 w− x+ y− z−Strain 4 w− x+ y+ z+When these mutant diploid strains of yeast go throughmeiosis, each ascus is found to contain only two viablehaploid spores.a. What kind of mutations were induced by X-rays tomake the listed diploid strains?b. Why did two spores in each ascus die?c. Are any of the genes w, x, y, or z located on thesame chromosome?d. Give the order of the genes that are found on thesame chromosome