What guarantees that there are unidirectional action potentials? Choice A threshold  B. Depolarization refractory period C. Absolute refractory period  Relative refractory period

Q: Action potentials and graded potentials both… A) Propagate long distances through neural structures,…

A: Answer : A) Propagate long distances through neural structures, without attenuation in their…

Q: Read the following statements (a) The resting nerve membrane is freely permeable to Na*, K* ions and…

A: B and C

Q: After the action potential reaches its peak, the potential across the membrane falls toward its…

A: The action potential is defined as the electrical signaling, which occurs in the neuronal cells, due…

Q: neuron

A: An action potential is triggered by a graded potential that causes the membrane to depolarize until…

Q: What event triggers an action potential?a. Opening of sodium channelsb. Opening of delayed potassium…

A: 1- Opening of delayed potassium channels 3-High concentration of negative ions outside the cell.…

Q: Action potentials are normally initiated at the axon hillock because a. there is a particularly high…

A: When the membrane potential of a given cell location rapidly rises and falls, an action potential…

Q: "After an action potential has just passed through the axon hillock, the voltage-gated Na+ channels…

A: Thank you for the question  Answer : If a second action potential can be generated it refers to as…

Q: The Na+/K+ ATPase pump is a. not required for action potential firing. b. important for…

A: Introduction  Chloride is the most abundant anion in the extracellular fluid. Along with Chloride…

Q: Compare and contrast graded potentials and action potentials. What are the functions of graded…

A: In animal cells, the plasma membrane expresses several types of ion channels that participate in the…

Q: An axon has a membrane capacitance of 4 x 10 F and the membrane resistance of 2 KQ. If the speed of…

A: Introduction The part of a nerve cell (neuron) that transports nerve impulses away from the cell…

Q: Describe the changes in the neuron membrane that occur throughout the course of an action potential.…

A: The action potential is an explosion of electrical activity that is created by a depolarizing…

Q: А X Information given: An EPSP from neuron A causes a 10 mV change (from RMP); an IPSP from neuron B…

A: A stimulus is generated due to the sudden environmental changes which can excite a nerve or an…

Q: Which of the following voltages would most likely bemeasured during the relative refractory…

A: A refractory period is one of the stages of the action potential in a cell. When an action potential…

Q: At maximal stimulation, much above threshold, how long will it be until an axon fires the next AP?…

A: The action potential is defined as the quick variation in the membrane potential that occurs when a…

Q: During the Refractory period of the action potential, the neuron will: Select one: O a. Not respond…

A: Nerve cells or neurons are excitable cells of nervous system. A typical neuron consists of cell body…

Q: Calcium ions a)Help control the membrane threshold voltage. b)Reduce axon permeability to Na+.…

A: sensory input-afferent information travels from the outside environment to brain environment.

Q: True or False a. When they are at rest, neurons are more positively charged inside than outside the…

A:

Q: Compare the signal conduction speed in myelinated fibers versus unmyelinated ones. Why aren’t all…

A: Ans: Myelination: In this process the fatty sheath which surrounds neuronal process as well as…

Q: In an experiment, the extracellular [Na+] surrounding a nerve cell was reduced from 145 to 45 mM.…

A: In the presence and absence of an impulse, the nerve cells exist in two states known as action…

Q: Depolarization and repolarization changes that occur during the action potential are produced by…

A: Introduction: Just neurons and muscle cells are fit for creating an action potential and that…

Q: Depolarization is: ) Is the 2nd step of an action potential O Is the last step of an action…

A: Depolarization is defined as a transition in a cell that occurs when the cell's electric charge…

Q: 1) What is responsible for returning the cell to its normal resting membrane potential following the…

A: Neurons are the basic unit of the nervous system that carry electrical stimuli throughout the body.…

Q: When summation of multiple graded synaptic potentials occurs which of the following would…

A: Post synaptic potentials or PSPs are called excitatory (or EPSPs) in case they increase the…

Q: answer

A: Action potential :- Is defined as a sudden, fast, transitory change of the resting membrane…

Q: In SA nodal cells the upstroke of the action potential: A)is characterized by a substantial…

A: The sino atrial node is the pacemaker of the heart. The cells of the sea node have a particular…

Q: After the depolarisation phase of an action potential, the resting potential is restored by ______.

A: Introduction An action potential is defined as a sudden fall or rise in the potential of the…

Q: When an action potential happens: OA Sodium rushes into the cell in the first stage creating…

A: A nerve cell is a specialized cell for the communication to transmit information between neuron…

Q: is it possible for a second action potential to start during the refractory period?

A: The resting membrane potential between the inner and outer side of the neural membrane is balanced…

Q: During the rising portion of the action potential, which ions are moving across the membrane and in…

A: Action potential exhibits the potential difference across the membrane of a neuron.

Q: What type of interaction is occurring at the trigger zone between two graded potentials arriving…

A: Action potential : As the signals are passed through the neurons, a massive increase in membrane…

Q: Which channels are active in the stage of repolarization? Select one: a. Mechanically gated Na*…

A: The nervous system in the human body consists of brain and fibers in order to coordinate the…

Q: In the membrane of a neuron, what happens during an IPSP? A. All the ion gates in the membrane…

A: The nerve tissue is made up of many nerve cells called as neurons. These neurons are the structural…

Q: ) Neurons cannot respond during the absolute refractory period because: a) the concentration…

A: The absolute refractory period starts immediately after the initiation of the action potential and…

Q: An action potential exhibits absolute refractory period in the hyperpolarization repolarization all…

A: Refractory period is a period of time in which a cell is incapable of repeating a particular…

Q: Neurotransmitters must pass from an axon terminal to the next dendrite by crossing a fluid-filled…

A: Neurons facilitate communication in the brain. A neuron is made up of dendrites (receives…

Q: The made-up drug leakyhose degrades myelin resulting in myelin becoming more porous and therefore a…

A: The longest cell in the human body is called the neuron or nerve cell. This cell transmits the…

Q: Use Figure Q1(b) of an action potential to answer questions (1) until (iv) below. Choose the correct…

A: Nerve impulse refers to an electrical or chemical signal that is transmitted along  a fibre. The…

Q: An action potential is considered an "all or nothing" event. What does this mean? Explain using the…

A: Nerve impulse, also called action potential, is the change in the membrane potential due to  an…

Q: In which of these ways does a metabotropic synapse differ from an ionotropic synapse? a. Its effects…

A: The binding of neurotransmitters activates the ionotropic and metabotropic membrane-bound receptors.…

Q: Explain the time course of the opening and closing of v-g Na+ and K+ channels during the action…

A: Hi, Thanks For Your Question.  Answer : The Opening And Closing Of Of Voltage Gated Na+ and k+…

Q: The primary difference between an EPSP and an IPSP is the a) overall speed b) degree of effect c)…

A: EPSP = Excitatory postsynaptic potential.  IPSP = Inhibitory postsynaptic potential .   EPSP…

Q: One EPSP from neuron A depolarizes the initial segment of a neuron by +2 mV, one EPSP from neuron B…

A: 4) Mechanism of nerve conduction : • The action potential in pre synaptic neuron reaches its…

Q: a) How does a CAP differ from a single action potential? b) Action potentials are said to be all or…

A: a*A compound action potential (CAP) is a signal from a nerve trunk which is made of  numerous axons.…

Q: Explain why myelinated axons can propagate (spread) action potentials faster than unmyelinated…

A: The axons of many neurons have a segmented white insulating cover over it. This is called the myelin…

Q: The transmission of action potentials down a myelinated axon is faster but "saltatory" because of…

A: Saltatory conduction is the propagation of action potentials along myelinated axons from one node of…

Q: The following graph shows that if a neuron is depolarized briefly and then hyperpolarized slightly,…

A: In nerve cells, Na+ is important for generation of the action potential. As the Na+ current is…

Q: The two-neuron chain allows increased communication and control of the effector organ. A. True B.…

A: Autonomic nervous system – the efferent division of PNS is the communication link by which the…

Q: Define the following terms: a. Resting membrane potential b. Graded membrane potential c. Action…

A: The nervous system is a complex system of nerves and specialized cells known as neurons. Neurons are…

Osmosis

In simple words, osmosis is the slow, gradual movement of a liquid through a membrane. But there are nuances to this process. For instance, there has to be an imbalance in the distribution of solute in the liquid on either side of the membrane, which has to be semipermeable. The liquid in the region with a lower solute concentration moves to the region with a higher concentration, thereby displacing the solution in the process. The objective is to equalize the concentration of molecules on both sides of the membrane; the displacement of liquid can be viewed as a byproduct of this equalization. Since there is no energy required to carry osmosis, it is considered a passive process.