Q: Induced mutations
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Q: A section of DNA has the base sequence shown in #1. A mutation in this DNA strand results in the…
A: The mutation is the change in the nucleotide sequence of the DNA. There are several types of…
Q: 36. Answer and explain
A: A codon is a three-nucleotide sequence of mRNA that corresponds to a specific amino acid or stop or…
Q: A thymine is changed to an adenine in one DNA codon which causes a particular disorder. Which…
A: There are different types of mutations which involves- Deletion mutation, insertion mutation,…
Q: A thymine is changed to an adenine in one DNA codon which causes a particular disorder. Which…
A: Mutation refers to the change in the sequence of nucleotides in a DNA molecule which acts as the…
Q: missense mutation: D Adds a base OProduces a different amino acid O Deletes a base O Causes a…
A: The mutation is the change in the original nucleotide sequence of DNA resulting in the change in…
Q: A mutation changes a codon that specifies tyrosine into a stopcodon. This type of mutation is aa.…
A: The mutation is the alteration in the structure and sequence of the DNA which is the genetic…
Q: Which of the following is considered to be a spontaneous source of mutations that impa the genome? O…
A: The genome is the finished arrangement of hereditary information in a organic entity. It gives all…
Q: Introns were discovered O MRNA to DNA O protein to DNA O MRNA to protein none of the above
A: Ans- mRNA to DNA.
Q: An alien visits Earth and is found to have the same 'genetic code' as humans. However, the alien has…
A: Mutation occurs when there is a change or damage in the DNA in such a way that it alters the genetic…
Q: An addition or deletion mutation that results in all of the amino acids after the mutation being…
A: A mutation refers to the sudden change in DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) that subsequently affects the…
Q: The gene for the primase enzyme is mutated and is nonfunctional. What is the result of such a…
A: DNA replication unlike transcription cannot start ab initio and requires a primer that is elongated…
Q: point mutation (SNP) is sufficient to cause a genetic disorder if a. It causes a change at the…
A: SNPs (single nucleotide polymorphisms) are polymorphisms induced by point mutations that result in…
Q: A point mutation that replaces a purine with another purine, or a pyrimidine with another…
A: Mutation is defined as the change in the sequence of the DNA molecule present in the nucleus of an…
Q: There is an addition of Adenine in the MRNA sequence specifically at AUG codon. missense mutation O…
A: Gene mutations involve alterations in the structure of gene which alters or modifies the structure…
Q: Which mutations generally are most harmful for cells? O base substitutions O frameshift mutations O…
A: Any manipulations in the organism’s genetic sequence are called mutations. The mutations that happen…
Q: DNA methylation is associated with: OA gene repression. O B. neither gene transcription nor gene…
A: DNA Methylation is one of the processes of histone modifications that falls under the field of…
Q: Which of the following types of point mutations will not produce a change in amino acids and…
A: Answer: MUTATION : It is the change occured in the nucleotides of DNA/genome sequence , this is…
Q: Cellular transcription is : O Use of DNA as a template to make complementary DNA O Use of DNA as a…
A: Transcription is the molecular process by which the DNA sequences are transcribed to the don…
Q: A mutation occurs that alters the third base in an mRNA codon from a C to a G. This mutation is most…
A: Introduction : A change in the sequence of DNA due to damage to the DNA or some other factors, which…
Q: Which of the following mutations is potentially the most harmful? O A) base-pair substitution at the…
A: Introduction: Mutation refers to the alterations that occur in the DNA sequence. They are found to…
Q: The gene for the primase enzyme is mutated and is nonfunctional. What is the result of such a…
A: The process associated with the duplication of genetic material or DNA can be described as…
Q: Describe the most likely effect of genetic variations (beginning as mutations) in the following…
A: Genetic variations are caused due to several mutation in exposure to the chemicals and radiations.
Q: Which type of mutations are the least harmful to an organism? * O Duplication Substitution O…
A: Mutations are sudden changes in the DNA sequence and lead to several new characteristics in an…
Q: If the mutation has a negligible effect on the function of a gene, it is known as aa) Silent…
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Q: The port mutaton that doesn't produce a change in the ama and sequence of proten is known as A…
A: Mutation is defined as the change in the sequence of nucleotide present in the gene. The mutation…
Q: Which of the following mutations would cause translation to end? O Mutation 1 O Mutation 2 Mutation…
A: Translation is the process where protein gets form. Here the start codon is AUG and the estoppel…
Q: During transcription, the DNA can be modified by the enzyme DNA methyltransferase and will enhance…
A: Transcription can be defined as the initial step of the protein synthesis in which RNA is formed…
Q: Which of the following is true in regards to mutagenesis? Mutations occur because of a selective…
A: The process of altering genetic information of an organism through mutation is referred to as…
Q: What would be the effect on the gene product of a particular gene that had two separate mutations in…
A: Gene mutations are of various types such as Deletion Insertion Missense Non sense Silent…
Q: Using the chart below, what type of mutation would take place if the highlighted and underlined "A"…
A: From the DNA, genetic codes get transcribed in the form of mRNA. This mRNA comprises trinucleotide…
Q: A proteih was Which of the following mutations will least effect the protein's function? a) A…
A: If a point mutation does not produce any change in the the amino acid, it's called a SILENT…
Q: A point mutation is a mutation that arises when one nucleotide in the genetic sequence is…
A: Mutation is the change in the DNA sequence or change in the entire chromosome that ultimately can…
Q: Define the following terms:a. point mutationb. transition mutationc. transversion mutationd. silent…
A: Any alteration in the DNA sequence is called a mutation. It can occur due to replication errors…
Q: Which type of point mutation does not affect the resulting protein? a deletion b missense mutation…
A: A mutation is any alteration or change in the sequence of the genetic material (DNA or RNA). A point…
Q: What type of enzyme would MOST likely promote increased gene expression? O a. DNA ligase Ob.DNA…
A: Promotion of gene expression means increased transcription or protein formation of a particular…
Q: A mutation caused by a base deamination or a tautomerization is called a a. silent mutation b.…
A: Mutation- any changes in the gene which causes abnormality is known as mutation Deamination-…
Q: Which of the following terms refer to the case when a mutation results in a complete loss of the…
A: Mutation is a sudden, discontinuous variation in genotype and phenotype of an organism due to change…
Q: A protein was mutated at amino acid position 129. Which of the following mutations will least effect…
A: All amino acids share different properties.
Q: A mutation creates a STOP codon where one was not before. Which of the following could NOT h O…
A: All genetic variety comes from mutation, which provides the raw material for evolutionary forces…
Q: type of mutation refers to the presence of a premature stop codon is Nonsense mutation Select one: O…
A: Mutation: An alteration in the DNA sequence as a result of mistakes in the DNA copying process…
Q: A thymine is changed to an adenine in one DNA codon which causes a particular disorder. Which…
A: Mutation Sudden heritable change in genetic material of an organism is called as mutation.…
Q: A mutation can be defined as a change in an organism's transcription. phenotype. genotype. proteins.
A: Any damage or alteration in the DNA is called a mutation. The mutation causes permanent damage in…
Q: Which type of mutation is most likely to be silent? An inversion A deletion An insertion A…
A: Mutation is the random change in the sequence of nucleotides of a gene.
Q: A mutation can alter an organism's phenotype via Select one or more: O a. synonymous changes to a…
A: Mutation is the sudden change in the base sequence of the nucleotide sequence of the DNA resulting…
Q: When a mutation occurs by elimination of one base in a DNA sequence, this mutation is called a O…
A: The mutation is considered as the process during which nucleotide sequence is altered as a result…
Q: 2. Öriginal DNA: TACGTTTCCCCT MRNA: amino acids: Mutated DNA:TACGTTTGC C C C T MRNA: amino acids:…
A: Transcription is the synthesis of m RNA from DNA. The translation is the synthesis of protein from m…
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- Mutations are heritable alterations in the base sequenceof DNA.? TRue or FalseWhy Spontaneous Mutations Occurat a Very Low Rate?The process by which the genetic code of DNA is copied into a strand of RNA is called translation transcription O transformation O replication The process by which the genetic code of DNA is copied into a strand of RNA is called translation O transcription O transformation O replication What part of a nucleotide accounts for the genetic variation between individuals? phosphate O nitrogenous base O deoxyribose O sugar If the template strand of the DNA has the sequence TTACCG, the sequence on the coding strand will be AATGGC O TTACCG O AACGGC O AATGGG O O O O OO O O
- What is it about the endonucleases that prevents bacteria fromdestroying their own DNA? Using nucleotide letters, show thekind of cut that could be made on a DNA molecule to circularizeit into a plasmid.oslorGulolaculGACu When does DNA replication occur in the cell cycle? Replicate this strand of DNA: ATTCGC TAG GU Aanine Transcribe the same piece of DNA Stop GU Valine Cystelne Stop Use the chart to create the amino acid sequence. Arginine AC Leucine Sorine C UG Lysine Proline Define gene mutation Asparagine True or False? All mutations are harmful. Define chromosomal mutation. Histidine ThreonineA particular triplet of bases in the coding sequence of a DNA strand is AGT. What is the corresponding triplet in the complementary strand of 2 points DNA? O AGT О ТСА O UCA O UGT Poovor tf ho coulLfind the ler Gregor Mondolcovnorimontc couab 9MO
- Antibiotics and Protein Synthesis Antibiotics are molecules produced by microorganisms as defense mechanisms. The most effective antibiotics work by interfering with essential biochemical or reproductive processes. Many antibiotics block or disrupt one or more stages in protein synthesis. Some of these are mentioned here. Tetracyclines are a family of chemically related compounds used to treat several types of bacterial infections. Tetracyclines interfere with the initiation of translation. The tetracycline molecule attaches to the small ribosomal subunit and prevents binding of the tRNA anticodon during initiation. Both eukaryotic and prokaryotic ribosomes are sensitive to the action of tetracycline, but this antibiotic cannot pass through the plasma membrane of eukaryotic cells. Because tetracycline can enter bacterial cells to inhibit protein synthesis, it will stop bacterial growth, helping the immune system fight the infection. Streptomycin is used in hospitals to treat serious bacterial infections. It binds to the small ribosomal subunit but does not prevent initiation or elongation; however, it does affect the efficiency of protein synthesis. Binding of streptomycin changes the way mRNA codons interact with the tRNA. As a result, incorrect amino acids are incorporated into the growing polypeptide chain, producing nonfunctional proteins. In addition, streptomycin causes the ribosome to randomly fall off the mRNA, preventing the synthesis of complete proteins. Puromycin is not used clinically but has played an important role in studying the mechanism of protein synthesis in the research laboratory. The puromycin molecule is the same size and shape as a tRNA/amino acid complex. When puromycin enters the ribosome, it can be incorporated into a growing polypeptide chain, stopping further synthesis because no peptide bond can be formed between puromycin and an amino acid, causing the shortened polypeptide to fall off the ribosome. Chloramphenicol was one of the first broadspectrum antibiotics introduced. Eukaryotic cells are resistant to its actions, and it was widely used to treat bacterial infections. However, its use is limited to external applications and serious infections. Chloramphenicol destroys cells in the bone marrow, the source of all blood cells. In bacteria, this antibiotic binds to the large ribosomal subunit and inhibits the formation of peptide bonds. Another antibiotic, erythromycin, also binds to the large ribosomal subunit and inhibits the movement of ribosomes along the mRNA. Almost every step of protein synthesis can be inhibited by one antibiotic or another. Work on designing new synthetic antibiotics to fight infections is based on our knowledge of how the nucleotide sequence of mRNA is converted into the amino acid sequence of a protein. Questions Why are antibiotics ineffective in treating the common cold and other virus infections?What Art the Features of the Series of -omes? Define the following terms: a. Genome b. Transcriptome c. Proteome d. Metabolome e. FluxomeFigure 14.21 A fr am eshift mutation that results in the insertion of three nucleotides is often less deleterious than a mutation that results in the insertion of one nucleotide. Why?
- Define and compare the following types of nucleotide substitutions. Which is likely to cause the most dramatic mutant effect? a. missense mutation b. nonsense mutation c. sense mutationof estion 9 t of uestion THCA ▶ Sou 100- HC This reaction is Entropy is THC San Leafly ATA RNA polymerase SSSSSSSSSS ATTOGOGACATAA ATGACGGATCAGCCOCAAG UACUOCCUAGUC RNA Transcript TACTOCCTAGTCGGCOTTCOOCTTAACCOCTOTATIT (In this picture, RNA is being made by complementary base pairing with DNA.) This reaction is → Entropy is ◆Transfer of a donor chromosome fragment by a bacteriophage is defined as O Transduction O Budding O Conjugation O Transformation