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- 2. What is happened if we add ligno and caustic to drilling mud and why ?20 . what type of chemical eliminates microbes by mechanically transporting them away? alcohols halogens surfactants phenolics bleach1. In a nutrient broth, where do microorganisms acquire their requirements for mineral elements like Ca, Fe, from? 2. During sterilization, pH of culture media may change. How can this be fixed? 3. How does pH affect the shelf life of unsterilized media?
- 7. A thermometer reading 75°F is taken out where the temperature is 20°F. The reading is 30°F, 4 minutes later. Find (a) the thermometer reading 7 minutes after the thermometer was brought outside, and (b) the time taken for the reading to drop from 75°F to within a half degree of the air temperature. - end -4. What is the total charge of lysine in the strong acidic medium? A) +2 B) -2 C) +1 D) 0 E) -1 5. Essential amino acids are:| 4. Explain the following table in detail.? One by One food source explain in detail with respect to I th Fluoride Content.? Food Fluoride Content (ppm on dry basis) Milk 0.04–0.55 Meats 0.01–7.7 Fish 0.10–24.0 Cheese 0.13–1.62 Butter 0.4–1.50 Rice and peas 10.0 Cereal and cereal products Vegetables and tubers 0.10–0.20 0.10–2.05 Citrus fruits 0.04–0.36 Sugar 0.10–0.32 Coffee 0.2–1.6 Tea infusion 0.1–2.0 Instant (solution) 0.2
- 1. How will pH and aw will affect the growth of spoilage microorganisms on food? 2.How will temperature effect the growth of spoilage micrograms on food?3. What is the difference between common rich media and defined media?1. Fruits, vegetables and cereals are potent sources of: 1. Antioxidants 2. Unsaturated fat 3. Saturated fat 4. Free radicals
- The reason that salt and sugar can be used as preservatives in pickles and jellies is that: • both change the pH of a solution, denaturing enzymes and killing many bacteria • all of the other answers • both change the temperature of a solution, denaturing enzymes and killing many bacteria both change the oxygen content of a solution, killing many bacteria • both change the osmotic pressure of a solution, killing many bacteria7. What did I say is a safe temperature for ice crystal formation (snowflakes)? The prime snow growth region is -12° C to -18° C. 5° C 0° C -5° C -10° C None of the above - Can ONLY form at -12° C to -18° C10. Pharmaceutical ingredients are susceptible to microbial attack. Which ONE of the following statements about contamination of a medicine is CORRECT? O Anionic surfactants are generally stable but the alkyl and alkylbenezene sulphonates are readily metabolised. O Humectants, such as sorbitol and glycerol, are readily metabolised when present in a medicine at high concentrations. O Fats and oils are usually attacked when dispersed in non-aqueous formulations. O Sweetening, flavourings and colouring agents are ready substrates for bacteria but in low concentrations are resistant to degradation. O Organic polymers used as thickening agents are subject to microbial polymerisation.