Astronomy
1st Edition
ISBN: 9781938168284
Author: Andrew Fraknoi; David Morrison; Sidney C. Wolff
Publisher: OpenStax
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Textbook Question
Chapter 11, Problem 20E
Jupiter is denser than water, yet composed for the most part of two light gases, hydrogen and helium. What makes Jupiter as dense as it is?
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Chapter 11 Solutions
Astronomy
Ch. 11 - What are the main challenges involved in sending...Ch. 11 - Why is it difficult to drop a probe like Galileo?...Ch. 11 - Explain why visual observation of the gas giants...Ch. 11 - What are the seasons like on Jupiter?Ch. 11 - What is the consequence of Uranus’ spin axis being...Ch. 11 - Describe the seasons on the planet Uranus.Ch. 11 - At the pressures in Jupiter’s interior, describe...Ch. 11 - Which of the gas giants has the largest icy/rocky...Ch. 11 - In the context of the giant planets and the...Ch. 11 - What is the primary source of Jupiter’s internal...
Ch. 11 - Describe the interior heat source of Saturn.Ch. 11 - Which planet has the strongest magnetic field, and...Ch. 11 - What are the visible clouds on the four giant...Ch. 11 - Compare the atmospheric circulation (weather) of...Ch. 11 - What are the main atmospheric heat sources of each...Ch. 11 - Why do the upper levels of Neptune’s atmosphere...Ch. 11 - How do storms on Jupiter differ from storm systems...Ch. 11 - Describe the differences in the chemical makeup of...Ch. 11 - How did the giant planets grow to be so large?Ch. 11 - Jupiter is denser than water, yet composed for the...Ch. 11 - Would you expect to find free oxygen gas in the...Ch. 11 - Why would a tourist brochure (of the future)...Ch. 11 - The water clouds believed to be present on Jupiter...Ch. 11 - Describe the different processes that lead to...Ch. 11 - Research the Galileo mission. What technical...Ch. 11 - How many times more pressure exists in the...Ch. 11 - Calculate the wind speed at the edge of Neptune’s...Ch. 11 - Calculate how many Earths would fit into the...Ch. 11 - As the Voyager spacecraft penetrated into the...Ch. 11 - The ions in the inner parts of Jupiter’s...
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- The water clouds believed to be present on Jupiter and Saturn exist at temperatures and pressures similar to those in the clouds of the terrestrial atmosphere. What would it be like to visit such a location on Jupiter or Saturn? In what ways would the environment differ from that in the clouds of Earth?arrow_forwardReview Figure 21-11. Which molecules can Triton retain in its atmosphere? Figure 21-11 Loss of atmospheric gases. Dots represent the escape velocity and temperature of various Solar System bodies. The lines represent the typical highest velocities of molecules of various masses. The Jovian planets have high escape velocities and can hold onto even the lowest-mass molecules. Mars can hold only the more massive molecules, and the Moon has such a low escape velocity that even massive molecules can escape.arrow_forwardThe mass of the planet is approximately 74.8 times the mass of Jupiter. Calculate the average density of the planet. Give your answer in grams per cubic centimeter.arrow_forward
- What is the density of Jupiter’s moon Europa (see Appendix G for data on moons)?arrow_forwardTitan has a very thick atmosphere of nitrogen gas at a surface pressure (P) of 150 kiloPascals (kg·m/sec2/m2 units). If pressure (P) is force per unit area, then the mass pushing down over 1 square meter of the surface will scale as P/g with g (1.352 m/sec2) being the surface acceleration due to gravity. Considering that the density of solid nitrogen is 1027 kg/m3, calculate the layer thickness of solid nitrogen that would result from freezing the atmosphere by dividing the density of nitrogen into the mass per m2? answer choices 108 meters 10.08 meters 1.08 kilometers 1.08 metersarrow_forwardWhich of these things did the Voyager spacecraft discover about Enceladus in the early 1980s, indicating that it is somewhat unusual among planetary bodies in our solar system? Check the TWO items that apply. a It has a thick atmosphere, made mostly of nitrogen. b It has the darkest, least reflective surface of all the known planetary bodies. c It is the brightest (i.e. most reflective) object in the solar system. d The entire surface is more heavily-cratered than any other body in our solar system. e Its surface is very smooth in some places.arrow_forward
- If Neptune's clouds have a temperature of 60 K, at what wavelength will they radiate the most energy? (Wein's Law)arrow_forwardWhich of these is an example of an energy source that could exist on Europa (or beneath its surface) and help enable life in a Europan ocean? a Volcanoes and/or hydrothermal vents on the seafloor b Solar flares from the Sun that penetrate Europa's ice and send radiation into the liquid-water ocean c Europa's rapid motion as it orbits Jupiter d The combustion of fossils fuels beneath the surface, similar to burning coal in the Earth's crustarrow_forwardWhy has Jupiter retained most of its original atmosphere?arrow_forward
- NASA Scientists want to measure the current distance between two of Jupiter's Moons, Ganymede and Europa. They set up a laser on the surface of Ganymede, shine it at a mirror on the surface of Europa and measure how long it takes for the laser light to return to a detector on the surface of Ganymede. They calculated the current distance between the two moons to be 787 million meters. How long did it take the light to make it to Europa and back? *Give answers to at least three significant figures. DO NOT submit answers in scientific notation. Use symbols for units (i.e. m, s, kg, N)*arrow_forward(a) Auroras have been observed near the magnetic poles of Uranus. (i) Explain how these lights are produced. (ii) While searching for the auroras of Uranus, an orbiting satellite registered the spectral lines. These are emitted by hydrogen atoms during the transition from the first excited state to the ground state. Calculate the wavelength of this radiation and indicate the region of the electromagnetic spectrum in which the satellite made the observation.arrow_forwardAt what distance from the Jupiter would Europa (density = 3 g/cm³) be pulled apart by tidal forces? How does this compare with Callisto (density = 2 g/cm') %3Darrow_forward
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