Introductory Chemistry: Concepts and Critical Thinking (8th Edition)
Introductory Chemistry: Concepts and Critical Thinking (8th Edition)
8th Edition
ISBN: 9780134421377
Author: Charles H Corwin
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 16, Problem 7ST
Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The changes listed that has no effect on the equilibrium for the reversible reaction is to be identified.

Concept introduction:

A reaction is said to be in equilibrium if the rate at which the forward reaction takes place becomes equal to the rate at which the backward reaction takes place. If any of the factors that affect the equilibrium changes, then the reaction shifts in either forward or backward direction so that the equilibrium condition is reestablished.

According to the Le Chatelier’s principle the change in concentration, volume, pressure and temperature affects the equilibrium of the reaction.

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Hi, I only need help with question # 3.    Equilibrium Write the equilibrium expressions for the following reactions:a) 3Fe(s) + 4H2O(g) ↔ Fe3O4(s) + 4H2(g)b) CH3COOH(aq) + H2O(l) ↔ CH3COO-(aq) + H3O+(aq)c) N2(g) + 3Br2(g) ↔ 2NBr3(s)d) CaCl2(s) ↔ Ca2+(aq) + 2Cl-(aq) Consider the following equilibrium:  CH3COOH(l) + C2H5OH(l) ↔ CH3CO2C2H5(l) + H2O(l) Keq =2.2 What must the concentration of water be for a mixture with [CH3COOH]= 0.10M, [CH3CO2C2H5]=2.0M, [C2H5OH]= 5.0M to be at equilibrium? Note: water is NOT the solvent in this reaction, therefore it will be included in the equilibrium expression.     3. Predict the direction of the following equilibrium shifts (Please label Forward (F) or Reverse (R)):   a) H2O (g) + CO(g)↔ H2(g) + CO2(g) Water is removed? ___Hydrogen is added? ___Carbon monoxide is added? ___b) 4Fe(s) + 3O2(g) ↔ 2Fe2O3(s) + 1648 kJThe temperature is increased? ___The pressure is increased? ___c) CaCl2(aq) ↔ Ca2+(aq) + 2Cl-(aq) NaCl is added? ___AgNO3 is added? ___
Le Chatelier’s Principle states that when a system is at equilibrium it is subjected to stress, the system will shift its equilibrium point in order to relieve the stress. Complete the following chart by indicating the shift for the equilibrium (⤾or⤿) and whether the other values increase (↑), decrease (↓) or remain unchanged (-).
Ammonia is a weak base that reacts with water according to this equation:                      NH3(aq)  +   H2O(l)     ⇌     NH4+(aq)  +    OH −(aq) Will any of the following increase the percent of ammonia that is converted to the ammonium ion in water? (a) Addition of NaOH (b) Addition of HCl (c) Addition of NH4Cl.

Chapter 16 Solutions

Introductory Chemistry: Concepts and Critical Thinking (8th Edition)

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