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A step in a synthesis of PGE1 (prostaglandin E1, alprostadil) is the reaction of a trisubstituted cyclohexene with bromine to form a bromolactone. Propose a mechanism for formation of this bromolactone and account for the observed stereochemistry of each substituent on the cyclohexane ring.
Alprostadil is used as a temporary therapy for infants born with congenital heart defects that restrict pulmonary blood flow. It brings about dilation of the ductus arteriosus, which in turn increases blood flow in the lungs and blood oxygenation.
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- Nonconjugated , -unsaturated ketones, such as 3-cyclohexenone, are in an acid-catalyzed equilibrium with their conjugated , -unsaturated isomers. Propose a mechanism for this isomerization.arrow_forwardFollowing is a retrosynthetic analysis for an intermediate in the industrial synthesis of vitamin A. (a) Addition of one mole of HCl to isoprene gives 4-chloro-2-methyl-2-butene as the major product. Propose a mechanism for this addition and account for its regioselectivity. (b) Propose a synthesis of the vitamin A precursor from this allylic chloride and ethyl acetoacetate.arrow_forwardWhen cis-4-chlorocyclohexanol is treated with sodium hydroxide in ethanol, it gives mainly the substitution product trans-1,4-cyclohexanediol (1). Under the same reaction conditions, trans-4-chlorocyclohexanol gives 3-cyclohexenol (2) and the bicyclic ether (3). (a) Propose a mechanism for formation of product (1), and account for its configuration. (b) Propose a mechanism for formation of product (2). (c) Account for the fact that the bicyclic ether (3) is formed from the trans isomer but not from the cis isomer.arrow_forward
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- Organic ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305580350Author:William H. Brown, Brent L. Iverson, Eric Anslyn, Christopher S. FootePublisher:Cengage Learning