Concept explainers
(a)
To find: the sort of design used by researchers.
(a)
Answer to Problem 17E
Prospective observational study
Explanation of Solution
It is a prospective study of observation. A prospective research defines and observes a group of individuals in the future.
(b)
To Write: the suitable hypotheses.
(b)
Answer to Problem 17E
Explanation of Solution
Here want to examine whether parental altitude affects the smoking choices of teenagers. Suppose
(c)
To explain: to satisfy the assumptions and conditions required for conclusion.
(c)
Explanation of Solution
It is believed that samples have been arbitrary selected. The total
The assumptions and conditions required for inference are met.
(d)
To Test: the hypothesis and state the conclusion.
(d)
Explanation of Solution
Given:
Formula used:
Calculation:
Pool the sample data.
Estimate
Observed difference
The z-score is
The P-value is
To consider the null hypothesis, the P-value = 0.2422 is high enough. It may assume that the behaviour of parents does not affect the decisions of teenagers regarding smoking.
(e)
To Explain: The P-value means.
(e)
Explanation of Solution
The P-value is the likelihood that a test statistic will be as large as or greater than the observed value if the null hypothesis is valid. So, if the P-value is 0.2422, this means that there is a 24.22 percent probability that natural variance in sampling will produce a 7 percent difference in sample proportion when this difference is actually 0.0.
(f)
To find: the type of error committed if the statement is actually incorrect.
(f)
Answer to Problem 17E
Type II
Explanation of Solution
There have introduced the null hypothesis here. If the inference is simply false, this suggests supporting the null hypothesis although it is incorrect. So, we made errors with Type II.
Chapter 22 Solutions
Stats: Modeling the World Nasta Edition Grades 9-12
Additional Math Textbook Solutions
Elementary Statistics: Picturing the World (7th Edition)
Essentials of Statistics, Books a la Carte Edition (5th Edition)
Intro Stats
Elementary Statistics: Picturing the World (6th Edition)
Statistical Reasoning for Everyday Life (5th Edition)
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