Biology 2e
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9781947172517
Author: Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann Clark
Publisher: OpenStax
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Textbook Question
Chapter 22, Problem 18RQ
Ammonification is the process by which.
- ammonia is released during the decomposition of nitrogen-containing organic compounds
- ammonium is converted to nitrite and nitrate in soils
- nitrate from soil is transformed to gaseous nitrogen compounds such as NO, N2O, and N2
- gaseous nitrogen is fixed to yield ammonia
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If you are working at a sewage treatment plant, which microbial process(es) would you use to reduce
nitrates in sewage before releasing into rivers? Why?
denitrification; to reduce occurrence of HAB's
nitrification; to make water richer in fertilizers when used by farmers
nitroge fixiation; to increase dissolved oxygen in river water
nitirification to convert nitrates to unusable nitrites; to increase algal growth in water
Plants absorb dissolved nitrates from soil and convert them into :
Free nitrogen
Urea
Proteins
Ammonia
All of the following are ways microorganisms adapt to limited nutrients except:
synthesize increased amount of enzymes for uptake and metabolism of limited nutrients
form metabolically active highly resistant endospores
synthesize enzymes needed to use a different nutrient acetic acid
adjust the rate at which they metabolize nutrients
Chapter 22 Solutions
Biology 2e
Ch. 22 - Figure 22.8 Compared to free-floating bacteria,...Ch. 22 - Figure 22.16 Which of the following statements is...Ch. 22 - Figure 22.19 Which of the following statements...Ch. 22 - The first forms of life on Earth were thought to...Ch. 22 - Microbial mats. are the earliest forms of life on...Ch. 22 - The first organisms that oxygenated the atmosphere...Ch. 22 - Halophiles are organisms that require a salt...Ch. 22 - Many of the first prokaryotes to be cultured in a...Ch. 22 - The presence of a membrane-enclosed nucleus is a...Ch. 22 - Which of the following consist of prokaryotic...
Ch. 22 - The cell wall is ___________ . interior to the...Ch. 22 - Organisms most likely to be found in extreme...Ch. 22 - Prokaryotes stain as Gram-positive or Gramnegative...Ch. 22 - Pseudopeptidoglycan is a characteristic of the...Ch. 22 - The lipopolysaccharide layer (LPS) is a...Ch. 22 - Which of the following elements is not a...Ch. 22 - Prokaryotes that obtain their energy from chemical...Ch. 22 - Ammonification is the process by which. ammonia is...Ch. 22 - Plants use carbon dioxide from the air and are...Ch. 22 - Cyanobacteria harness energy from the sun through...Ch. 22 - A disease that is constantly present in a...Ch. 22 - Which of the statements about biofilms is...Ch. 22 - Which of these statements is true? An antibiotic...Ch. 22 - A person in England arrives at a medical clinic...Ch. 22 - MRSA has emerged as a serious infectious disease,...Ch. 22 - Which of these occurs through symbiotic nitrogen...Ch. 22 - Synthetic compounds found in an organism but not...Ch. 22 - Bioremediation includes. the use of prokaryotes...Ch. 22 - In addition to providing yogurt with its unique...Ch. 22 - Describe briefly how you would detect the presence...Ch. 22 - Why do scientists believe that the first organisms...Ch. 22 - A new bacterial species is discovered and...Ch. 22 - Mention three differences between bacteria and...Ch. 22 - Explain the statement that both types, bacteria...Ch. 22 - A scientist isolates a new species of prokaryote...Ch. 22 - Think about the conditions (temperature, light,...Ch. 22 - Farmers continually rotate the crops grown in...Ch. 22 - Imagine a region of soil became contaminated,...Ch. 22 - Explain the reason why the imprudent and excessive...Ch. 22 - Researchers have discovered that washing spinach...Ch. 22 - Your friend believes that prokaryotes are always...Ch. 22 - Many people use antimicrobial soap to kill...
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- Figure 22.19 Which of the following statements about the nitrogen cycle is false? Nitrogen fixing bacteria exist on the root nodules of legumes and in the soil. Denitrifying bacteria convert nitrates (NO3 ) into nitrogen gas (N2). Ammonification is the process by which ammonium ion (NH4+) is released from decomposing organic compounds. Nitrification is the process by which nitrites (NO2-) are converted to ammonium ion (NH4+).arrow_forwardWhich of the following is not correct about nitrogen fixation? Carried out only by few prokaryotic organisms termed diazotrophs It requires metabolic energy None of the above Enzyme that catalyzes the reduction of nitrogen is termed as nitrogenase complexarrow_forwardAbacteria isolated from Yellowstone National Park is found to use the chemical methane as a food source. Which term best describes the energy source for this organism? OChemotroph OPhototroph OHeterotroph OAutotropharrow_forward
- Microbes that can survive and thrive in extreme environments are called extremophiles. In this context, what term is the most accurate to describe the microbes that can grow in salty wastewater? Acidophiles Psychrophiles Thermophiles O Halophilesarrow_forwardFixing free nitrogen from the air means converting into ions that can be used by many types of organisms. O nitrite nitrate Can nitrate be utilized by all organisms? O nitronium O ammoniumarrow_forwardNitrogen fixation is the conversion of nitrogen in present in soil or organisms. Nitrogen fixation is done only by Some bacteria Air to a form that isarrow_forward
- Why do raw household ingredients such as granulated sugar and cooking oils never go bad in normal conditions? Extrinsic factors (room temperature) These foods have a very low Aw ph of these ingredients is too low to support spoilage organisms They do spoilarrow_forwardNitrogen-fixing bacteria reduce ammonia (ammonium ion) to nitrogen gas. Group of answer choices True Falsearrow_forwardNitrogen fixation is carried out by.arrow_forward
- Which of the following statements is true of chemoautotrophs? O They use hydrogen sulfide as their hydrogen source for the photosynthesis of their organic compounds. O They "feed themselves" by obtaining energy from the chemical bonds of organic molecules. O They oxidize inorganic compounds to obtain energy to drive the synthesis of their organic compounds. O They live as decomposers of inorganic chemicals in organic litter. O They obtain their energy from oxidizing chemical compounds and get their carbon skeletons from organic compounds. MacBook Pro Ca G Search or type URL 24 & * 3 5 6. E R Y K D.arrow_forwardIf you are working at a sewage treatment plant, which microbial process would you use to reduce nitrates in sewage before releasing into rivers? Why? O nitirification to convert nitrates to unusable nitrites; to increase algal growth in water O denitrification; to reduce HAB's O nitroge fixiation; to increase dissolved oxygen in river water nitrification; to make water richer in fertilizers when used by farmersarrow_forwardIn the nitrogen cycle the Assimilation process is a metabolic reaction: anabolic, catabolic, endergonic, exergonic, heterotrophic or autotrophic.arrow_forward
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