General Chemistry: Atoms First
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9780321809261
Author: John E. McMurry, Robert C. Fay
Publisher: Prentice Hall
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Question
Chapter 22, Problem 22.22SP
Interpretation Introduction
Interpretation:
The energy released in
Concept Introduction:
Nuclear reaction: A nuclear reaction in which a lighter nucleus fuses together into new stable nuclei or a heavier nucleus split into stable daughter nuclei with the release of large amount of energy.
Energy released in nuclear fusion: The mass change of the reaction is calculated; and using Einstein mass - energy relation,
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Calculate the amount of mass in nanograms that is changed into energy when one mole of liquid water forms, all measurements
being made at 1 atm and 25 °C.
Am =
ng
Energy cannot be created nor destroyed, but it can
be transferred between a reaction and its
surroundings. The change in energy, AE, is
positive if the reaction absorbs energy, and it is
negative if the reaction releases energy. You may
also see this expressed in terms of change in
internal energy, AU. For the purposes of this
question, AU and AE are equal.
One way a reaction can transfer energy to or from
the surroundings is by releasing or absorbing heat.
A reaction can also transfer energy, in the form of
work, through a change in volume. The total
change in energy is the sum of the heat and work:
AE=q+w
At constant pressure, q =
and so
AH and w=-.
- PAV
AE=AH - PAV
Part A
Assuming constant pressure, rank these reactions from most energy released by the system to most
energy absorbed by the system, based on the following descriptions:
A. Surroundings get colder and the system decreases in volume.
B. Surroundings get hotter and the system expands in volume.
C. Surroundings get hotter…
It is believed that two carbon-12 nuclei can react in the core of a supergiant star to form sodium-23
and hydrogen-1. Calculate the energy released from this reaction for each mole of hydrogen formed.
2C+C ⇒ Na + H
11
Particle Mass (amu)
C-12.
12.000000
Na-23 22.989767
H-1
1.007825
(1 kg = 6.022 x 1026 amu;
NA = 6.022 x 1023 mol-1,
C = 2.99792458 × 108 m/s)
Chapter 22 Solutions
General Chemistry: Atoms First
Ch. 22.1 - Prob. 22.1PCh. 22.2 - Prob. 22.2PCh. 22.2 - Prob. 22.3PCh. 22.3 - Prob. 22.4PCh. 22.3 - Prob. 22.5PCh. 22.4 - Prob. 22.6PCh. 22.4 - Prob. 22.7PCh. 22.6 - Prob. 22.8PCh. 22.6 - Prob. 22.9PCh. 22 - Prob. 22.10SP
Ch. 22 - Prob. 22.11SPCh. 22 - Prob. 22.12SPCh. 22 - Prob. 22.13SPCh. 22 - Prob. 22.14SPCh. 22 - Prob. 22.15SPCh. 22 - Prob. 22.16SPCh. 22 - Prob. 22.17SPCh. 22 - Prob. 22.18SPCh. 22 - Prob. 22.19SPCh. 22 - Prob. 22.20SPCh. 22 - Prob. 22.21SPCh. 22 - Prob. 22.22SPCh. 22 - Prob. 22.23SPCh. 22 - Prob. 22.24SPCh. 22 - Prob. 22.25SPCh. 22 - Prob. 22.26SPCh. 22 - Prob. 22.27SPCh. 22 - Prob. 22.28SPCh. 22 - Prob. 22.29SPCh. 22 - Prob. 22.30SPCh. 22 - Prob. 22.31SPCh. 22 - Prob. 22.32SPCh. 22 - Prob. 22.33SPCh. 22 - Prob. 22.36CHPCh. 22 - Prob. 22.37CHPCh. 22 - Prob. 22.38CHPCh. 22 - Prob. 22.39CHPCh. 22 - Prob. 22.40CHPCh. 22 - Prob. 22.41CHPCh. 22 - Prob. 22.42CHPCh. 22 - Prob. 22.43CHPCh. 22 - Prob. 22.44CHPCh. 22 - Prob. 22.45CHPCh. 22 - Prob. 22.46CHPCh. 22 - Prob. 22.47CHPCh. 22 - Prob. 22.48MPCh. 22 - Prob. 22.49MPCh. 22 - Prob. 22.50MPCh. 22 - Prob. 22.51MP
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